Rights-based reproductive services in medical schools in Rajasthan, Gujarat and Chandigarh, India: baseline findings of mixed-methods implementation research.

Introduction: There is a need to assess and strengthen reproductive rights-based family planning and abortion services in Indian medical schools that play a key role in medical education and service delivery. This study presents the findings of baseline assessment across nine schools in two states and one union territory with objective to assess, identify the gaps and improve the status of reproductive rights and evidence-based family planning and abortion services in Indian medical schools.

Methods: A convergent parallel mixed methods study was conducted in nine medical schools in Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Chandigarh a Union territory in India from October 2018 to June 2019.

Baseline Assessment of Evidence-Based Intrapartum Care Practices in Medical Schools in 3 States in India: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Introduction: Implementation research with pre- and post-comparison was planned to improve the quality of evidence-based intrapartum care services in Indian medical schools. We present the baseline study results to assess the status of adherence to intrapartum evidence-based practices (IP-EBP) in study schools in 3 states in India and the perception of the faculty.

Methods: A concurrent mixed-methods approach was used to conduct the baseline assessment in 9 medical schools in Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Union Territory from October 2018 to June 2019.

'We are not aware of notification of tuberculosis': A mixed-methods study among private practitioners from western India.

Background: Implementing the Standards for tuberculosis care in India (STCI) guidelines in the private sector is vital. This study attempted to estimate the knowledge and practices regarding STCI guidelines among private practitioners and to explore the reasons and solutions for low tuberculosis (TB) notification rates.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study for assessing the knowledge and practices of the STCI guidelines among 100 full-time allopathic private practitioners in Bhavnagar (in western part of India) from September 2018 to January 2019.

Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in a District of Gujarat, India.

The study attempted to identify the prevalence and distribution of risk factors of non-communicable diseases among urban and rural population in Gujarat, India. Using the WHO stepwise approach, a cross-sectional study was carried out among 1,805 urban and 1,684 rural people of 15-64 years age-group. Information on behavioural and physiological risk factors of non-communicable diseases was obtained through standardized protocol.

Behavioral risk factors of coronary artery disease: A paired matched case control study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are becoming the major cause of morbidity and mortality in most of the developing countries including India. Various behavioral risk factors are the major risk factors for coronary artery disease. Present study was carried out to study the role of various behavioral risk factors in the occurrence of coronary artery disease.

Epidemic investigation of the jaundice outbreak in girdharnagar, ahmedabad, gujarat, India, 2008.

Background: Since 1976, seven outbreaks of hepatitis E occurred in Ahmedabad. Clusters of jaundice cases were reported on June 19, 2008, by a civic center, Girdharnagar ward, Ahmedabad.

Objectives: THE OBJECTIVES WERE AS FOLLOWS: (1) to identify the etiological agent, source of outbreak, and mode of transmission; (2) to propose a control measure based on the outbreak investigation.

A comparative study to analyze the cost of curative care at primary health center in ahmedabad.

Objectives: To determine the unit cost of curative care provided at Primary Health Centers (PHCs) and to examine the variation in unit cost in different PHCs.

Materials And Methods: The present study was carried out in three PHCs of Ahmedabad district namely Sanathal, Nandej, and Uperdal, between 1 April, 2006 and 31 March, 2007. For estimating the cost of a health program, information on all the physical and human resources that were basic inputs to the PHC services were collected and grouped into two categories, non-recurrent (capital resources vehicles, buildings, etc.

Increased incidence of in-stent thrombosis related to cocaine use: case series and review of literature.

The purpose of this article was to determine the incidence of in-stent thrombosis (IST) after coronary stent implantation in patients with cocaine abuse. A retrospective review was done of medical records of consecutive patients who underwent coronary stent implantation for obstructive coronary artery disease at a single inner-city institution from January 1997 to October 2006. Patients with temporal cocaine use were identified by positive urine drug screen.

Cocaine-related acute aortic dissection: patient demographics and clinical outcomes.

Background: To compare the demographics, inpatient mortality and short-term survival following hospital discharge between cocaine-using and non-cocaine-using patients presenting with acute aortic dissection.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 46 consecutive patients admitted with the diagnosis of acute aortic dissection at the Mount Sinai Hospital (Chicago, USA) between 1996 and 2005. Among these 46 patients, cocaine use was temporally related to the presenting symptom in 13 patients (28%, group 1).

Clinical utility of cardiac troponin I in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome in patients with renal failure.

To analyze sensitivity and specificity of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in detecting obstructive coronary artery disease in African American population with renal insufficiency presenting with acute coronary syndrome. Retrospective analysis of 108 patients who underwent coronary angiography over a 3-year period in a single institution. A troponin I level of 0.

Safety of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis following successful renal artery stent revascularization.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are contraindicated in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis due to risk of azotemia resulting from preferential efferent arteriolar vasodilation in the renal glomerulus due to inhibition of angiotensin II. Patients with renal artery stenosis who can derive survival benefit from ACE inhibition, therefore, may not receive ACEI therapy. We evaluated the safety of ACEI therapy in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis following successful revascularization using renal artery stenting.

Validation of a new formula for mean arterial pressure calculation: the new formula is superior to the standard formula.

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) has traditionally been derived from systolic and diastolic pressures, weighted 1/3 systolic and 2/3 diastolic. No correction is made for the increasing time dominance of systole with increasing heart rates. In a previous study, we developed a new and more accurate heart rate-corrected MAP formula from central aorta pressure determinations in a large number of patients: MAP = DP + [0.

Prevalence of renal artery stenosis requiring revascularization in patients initially referred for coronary angiography.

To evaluate the prevalence of clinically significant renal artery stenosis (RAS) in patients referred for coronary angiography, we analyzed data on 2,439 consecutive patients. Patients underwent selective renal angiography in conjunction with coronary angiography if refractory hypertension (blood pressure > 140/90 on two drugs) or flash pulmonary edema was present. A total of 1,089 renal arteries of 534 patients were evaluated.

Safety of therapeutic beta-blockade in patients with coexisting bronchospastic airway disease and coronary artery disease.

Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and bronchospastic airway disease frequently coexist in older patients. There are substantial data suggesting reduced mortality with the use of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease, especially patients who have postmyocardial infarction and/or severe coronary artery disease associated with left ventricular dysfunction. Conversely, the use of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs (even selective beta(1)-adrenergic blocking drugs) has the potential of exacerbating bronchospasm.

Acute and long-term results after intra-arterial thrombolysis of occluded lower extremity bypass grafts using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute limb-threatening ischemia.

Occlusion of lower extremity vascular bypass grafts results in acute limb-threatening ischemia. The underlying cause of graft failure generally is distal anastomosis stenosis, and relief of culprit stenosis is a required to maintain long-term patency. Of the three thrombolytic agents used for prolonged infusion to accomplish fibrinolysis, streptokinase was the first to be used and is limited owing to the antigenicity that precludes repeated use.

Safety and efficacy of combined use of low molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin, lovenox) and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist (eptifibatide, integrelin) during nonemergent coronary and peripheral vascular intervention.

Coronary and peripheral intervention requires intraprocedural anticoagulation to prevent intraluminal thrombosis. Traditionally, unfractionated heparin (UFH) is administered during the procedure to achieve activated clotting time (ACT) of 300 to 400 seconds. When the intravenous IIb/IIIa antagonists are also used, the recommended ACT is 250 to 300 seconds because higher anticoagulation (ACT, 300-400 seconds) is accompanied by an unacceptable bleeding complication rate without added benefits.