Correlation between multimodal evoked potentials and magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis.

Sixty multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (33 definite, 13 probale and 14 suspected were investigated by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodality evoked potentials (EPs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) electrophoresis. MRI abnormalities were found in 50 cases, while at least one abnormal evoked potential was detected in each of 52 cases. Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials were more sensitive than MRI for the detection of brain-stem involvement.

Nonrefractory temporal lobe epilepsy: 1.5-T MR imaging.

Thirty-one patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) of mild to moderate severity, well controlled by pharmacotherapy (nonrefractory TLE), and with negative findings at computed tomography, were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 1.5 T. Examination disclosed significant findings in 16 patients: mesial temporal abnormalities (n = 9), basitemporal abnormalities (n = 2), and alterations in frontoparietal white matter (n = 5).

Long-term noninvasive single photon emission computed tomography monitoring of perfusional changes after EC-IC bypass surgery.

The rCBF was evaluated using I-123 HIPDM and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) on 14 patients undergoing extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery because of internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. Before surgery, all patients showed cortical areas of hypoperfusion over the affected cerebral hemisphere. Shortly after EC-IC bypass a rCBF increase was observed in six patients.

Cerebral arterial spasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. A case report with SPECT and iodine-123 HIPDM.

Cerebral arterial spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage can be responsible for secondary neurological deficits and can influence history, prognosis, and results of surgical treatment. The demonstration of vasospasm can be important for therapy. The use of I-123 HIPDM and SPECT in evaluating regional cerebral blood flow showed the effects on cerebral perfusion of diffuse arterial spasm in a case of subarachnoid hemorrhage and its recovery.

Comparison between magnetic resonance imaging and other techniques in 39 multiple sclerosis patients.

Till now there are no specific laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). For this reason the diagnosis of MS is based on the clinical evidence of central nervous system white matter disease with temporal and spatial dissemination of the lesions. Recent advances in neurophysiology and imaging techniques can provide more objective criteria towards more accurate and earlier diagnosis, detecting clinically unsuspected lesions.

Empty sella in children with pituitary dwarfism: does it exist?

Empty sella is a descriptive term used to define an anatomoradiological entity characterized by penetration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and subarachnoid space within the sella cavity. To clarify the relationship between empty sella and the endocrinological abnormalities frequently associated in pediatric patients, we examined the hormonal and radiological characteristics of 16 short children with empty sella. In all patients the diagnosis of empty sella was made by computerized tomography (CT) examination.