All Pedicle Screw versus Hybrid Hook-Screw Instrumentation in the Treatment of Thoracic Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS): A Prospective Comparative Cohort Study.

Background: Posterior spinal correction and fusion remains the most common surgical treatment in AIS. Surgeons currently favour all pedicle screw (AS) correction techniques with alternative implants being less utilised. The purpose of this study was to assess whether a hybrid hook−screw (HS) construct could achieve similar outcomes.

Midterm clinical and radiologic survivorship of a stemless total shoulder arthroplasty.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of stemless total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) in patients with glenohumeral arthritis.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective case series of all patients who underwent a TSA with Affinis Short prosthesis during the period 2010-2017. Seventy-two TSAs were performed within our unit, in 62 patients (45 females and 17 males), with 10 patients having bilateral TSAs with this prosthesis.

Avoiding and Managing Complications After Hip Fracture Fixation.

There is an enormous burden of disease associated with the management of a failed hip fracture fixation. The goal of surgical management is to facilitate an early return to mobilization with the retention of as much independence as possible. Despite numerous studies that are focused on the care of patients with proximal femur fractures, complication rates remain high.

Diagnosing acute compartment syndrome-where have we got to?

Purpose: Acute compartment syndrome is a condition whereby tissue ischaemia occurs due to increased pressure in a closed myofascial compartment. It is a surgical emergency, with rapid recognition and treatment-the keys to good outcomes.

Methods: The available literature on diagnostic aids was reviewed by one of the senior authors 15 years ago.

Primary and Secondary Total Knee Arthroplasty for Tibial Plateau Fractures.

The surgical management of tibial plateau fractures can be technically demanding. In younger patients, the mainstay is fixation with cartilage preservation. In older patients with osteoporotic bone, this method has higher rates of fixation failure; in addition, it requires prolonged bed rest or protected weight bearing, which are major challenges in this group.

Primary screw perforation or subsequent screw cut-out following proximal humerus fracture fixation using locking plates: a review of causative factors and proposed solutions.

The surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures remains controversial primarily due to the high complication rate associated with the available fixation methods. In an attempt to reduce the incidence of serious complications and subsequent poor clinical outcomes, proximal humerus locking plates have become popular but even these implants cannot overcome the risk of complications, especially those associated with loss of fracture reduction and screw cut-out/migration through the humeral head. In an attempt to address these issues, we have reviewed the literature, investigating the most likely causes for these predominantly mechanical complications and propose technical solutions.

Technical considerations to avoid delayed and non-union.

For many years intramedullary nails have been a well accepted and successful method of diaphyseal fracture fixation. However, delayed and non unions with this technique do still occur and are associated with significant patient morbidity. The reason for this can be multi-factorial.

Increased trends in the use of treatment-limiting decisions in a regional neurosurgical unit.

Introduction: Treatment-limiting decisions (TLDs) are employed to actively withhold treatment from patients whom clinicians feel would derive no benefit or suffer detrimental effects from further intervention. The use of such decisions has been heavily discussed in the media and clinicians in the past have been reluctant to institute them, even though it is in the best interests of the patients. Their use is influenced by several ethical, religious and social factors all of which have changed significantly over time.

Lesser Trochanter Avulsion Fracture in an Adolescent after Seizure.

Background: Injury secondary to epileptic seizure is widely documented in the literature. In particular, uncontrolled muscular contractions generated during a seizure can lead to a variety of musculoskeletal injuries.

Case Report: We present the case of a 16-year-old male who presented on two separate occasions after a tonic-clonic seizure with hip pain, an antalgic gait, and marked discomfort on hip flexion.

Intrmedullary versus extramedullary fixation of lateral malleolus fractures.

Introduction: Intramedullary nails (IM nails) now include dedicated fibular nails for lateral malleolus fractures. This study reviewed nail versus plate for fixation of unstable ankle fractures.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of published reports.