Adrenergic receptors in the ptotic human eyelid: correlation with phenylephrine testing and surgical success in ptosis repair.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between adrenergic receptors in Müller muscle and response to phenylephrine testing in patients undergoing ptosis surgery. This study also compares outcomes of Fasanella and Putterman approaches to posterior ptosis repair.

Methods: Prospective analysis of 71 patients undergoing posterior ptosis surgery.

Tumor microsatellite instability in early onset gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Genetic factors are implicated, including DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency manifested as tumor microsatellite instability (MSI). However, a standardized panel of markers and a definition of low-versus-high level MSI in GC are lacking.