Correlation of mandibular third molar orientation and available retromolar space with arch length discrepancy in subjects with different growth pattern.

Aim And Objective: To evaluate, compare, and correlate the mandibular third molar orientation and available retromolar space with arch length discrepancy in subjects with skeletal class II malocclusion and different growth pattern.

Material And Method: A total of 250 patients (age >18 yrs) having skeletal class II malocclusion (based on YEN angle and WITS appraisal) were divided into two groups. Both the groups (Group I with erupted mandibular third molars {N = 150} and Group II with impacted mandibular third molars {N = 100}) were subdivided into subgroups IA (n = 71), IB (n = 19), IC (n = 71) and Group IIA (n = 54), IIB (n = 30) and IIC (n = 16) for normo-, hypo- and hyperdivergent growth patterns, respectively (based on Jarabak ratio and Sn-Go-Gn angle).

'TT' (Tikku and Tikku) system: A simple and novel tooth numbering system for permanent and deciduous teeth.

Several systems for designating and encoding teeth have been used in dentistry for more than 130 years. In our profession, patients are the primary stakeholders. However, the prevailing tooth numbering system, like the Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI), is designed focussing the clinicians and does not include the perspective of patients, who have little idea regarding the depicted number of the tooth to be treated, written on the prescription given to them.

Predictive accuracy of estimating mandibular growth potential by regression equation using cervical vertebral bone age.

Introduction: The maturational changes both in size and shape of cervical vertebrae had been widely used not only to assess skeletal maturity but also to predict the same using regression equation. Thus, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to check the predictive accuracy of estimating mandibular growth potential in the North Indian population by regression equation of Mito .

Materials And Methods: A total of 200 subjects divided into two groups, Group I had 100 adult subjects (18-20 years) and Group II had 100 young subjects (9-14 years) were subdivided according to the gender (50 subjects in each group).

Load-deflection characteristics of coated and noncoated nickel-titanium wires in self-ligating brackets using a modified bending test: An study.

Background: To determine and compare the force-deflection values of different types of nickel-titanium (NiTi) wires during unloading phase at varying deflections, that is 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, and 2.5 mm, with the use of self-ligating ceramic brackets using modified bending test on a typodont under controlled temperature conditions.

Comparative assessment of the efficacy of closed helical loop and T-loop for space closure in lingual orthodontics-a finite element study.

Background: Retraction in lingual orthodontics has biomechanical differences when compared to labial orthodontics, which is not yet established. Thus, we have intended to compare the biomechanical characteristics of closed helical loop and T-loop on 1 mm activation with 30° of compensatory curvatures during retraction in lingual orthodontics.

Methods: STb lingual brackets were indirectly bonded to maxillary typhodont model that was scanned to obtain FEM model.

Dimensional and volumetric analysis of the oropharyngeal region in obstructive sleep apnea patients: A cone beam computed tomography study.

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a potentially life-threatening condition in which there is a periodic cessation of breathing (for 10 sec or longer) that occurs during sleep in the presence of inspiratory effort. The aim of the study was to assess volumetric and dimensional differences between OSA patients and normal individuals in the upright posture.

Material And Method: The present study was conducted on CBCT scans of 32 patients who were divided into two groups -Group I (control group) and Group II (OSA subjects).

Ortho-surgical management of skeletal Class III malocclusion.

Class III malocclusions are considered to be one of the most difficult problems to treat. Establishment of the treatment plan is based on the efficacy and thoughtful application by the clinician and easy acceptance by the patient. We are presenting a case report of an adult male patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion who was treated by orthosurgical approach in Department of Orthodontics in collaboration with Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

Release of nickel and chromium ions in the saliva of patients with fixed orthodontic appliance: An in-vivo study.

Introduction: Various components of fixed orthodontic appliances are continuously interacting with saliva and other fluids in the mouth releasing various metal ions including nickel and chromium that can cause damaging effects if their concentration exceeds above the toxic dose.

Aim: To determine and compare the level of nickel and chromium in the saliva of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at different time periods.

Materials And Methods: The sample of saliva of 13 patients was taken at different time periods that is: Group 1 (before appliance placement), Group II, III, and IV (after 1-week, 1-month, and 3 months of appliance placement respectively).

Evaluation of canine retraction following periodontal distraction using NiTi coil spring and implants - A clinical study.

Objective: To evaluate the amount of canine retraction with periodontal distraction using miniscrew implants and NiTi coil spring.

Material And Method: Sample comprised of 25 patients who were scheduled for all 1st premolar extraction (13 males and 12 females), in the age range of 16-22 years with mean age 18.8 ± 2.

Cephalometric norms for orthognathic surgery in North Indian population using Nemoceph software.

Background: Cephalometric norms, useful in providing guidance to orthodontist during diagnosis and treatment planning are subjected to variability in morphologic characteristics in different ethnic and racial groups, hence norms established for one population group are not applicable for all.

Aims And Objectives: To compare and correlate the established hard tissue cephalometric norms for orthognathic surgery (COGS analysis) given by Legan and Burstone with norms obtained for North Indian population.

Methods: Pre-treatment digital lateral cephalograms of 100 orthodontically untreated subjects having pleasing profile and normal occlusion in the age range of 18-25 yrs (mean age of 21 ± 2.

The effect of central incisor's root proximity to the cortical plate and apical root resorption in extraction and non-extraction treatment.

Aims: The present study was conducted to investigate the relevance of cortical plate proximity of maxillary central incisor root, maxillary alveolar bone width, and the apical root resorption in extraction and non-extraction orthodontically treated cases. Further, the correlation between the apical root resorption and the various parameters was investigated.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 lateral head cephalographs, 40 pre-treatment and 40 post-treatment, of orthodontic subjects with a mean age of 15 years treated with fixed standard edgewise appliance were obtained.

A new proposed regression equation for mixed dentition analysis using the sum of permanent mandibular four incisors and first molar as a predictor of width of unerupted canine and premolars in a sample of North Indian population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to establish a new regression equation for North Indian and to compare and correlate the predicted width of unerupted canine and premolars obtained from the proposed regression equation of the present study in the North Indian population sample, Moyer's prediction table and also from Melgaco regression equation with the actual width; in order to check the applicability of various methods of mixed dentition analysis for the North Indian population.

Materials And Methods: The sample consisted of 200 dental casts obtained from the North Indian patients and students which consists of 100 males and 100 females with the average age of 20.12 ± 4.

Comparative evaluation of cephalometric measurements of monitor-displayed images by Nemoceph software and its hard copy by manual tracing.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cephalometric measurements obtained from computerized tracing of direct digital radiographs and hand tracing of their digital radiographic printouts.

Material And Methods: The soft- and hard-copies of pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of 40 subjects (both males and females) within the age group of 10-30 years, irrespective of the type of malocclusion were taken. Total 26 measurements (13 linear and 13 angular) were obtained using both the manual and the digital technique.

Risk factors and management of white spot lesions in orthodontics.

The formation of white spot lesions or enamel demineralization around fixed orthodontic attachments is a common complication during and following fixed orthodontic treatment, which mars the result of a successfully completed case. This article is a contemporary review of the risk factors, preventive methods and fate of these orthodontics scars. The importance of excellent oral hygiene practice during fixed orthodontic treatment must be explained.

Dimensional changes in maxillary sinus of mouth breathers.

Aims: Nose being the primary mode of air intake in humans can be obstructed in certain conditions and mouth takes over the process of breathing. As a result, there is a reduced or complete loss of function of nose, which shows underdevelopment or stunted growth (change in form). This can lead to impaired pneumatization that can result in dimensional changes in the sinus.

Role of buccal corridor in smile esthetics and its correlation with underlying skeletal and dental structures.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the buccal corridor in smile esthetics and to correlate it with underlying hard tissues.

Materials And Methods: Posed smiling frontal photographs, digital posterior-anterior (PA) cephalograms, and study models of 25 males and 25 females in age range of 18-25 years were taken. Photographs were evaluated for smile esthetics by eight orthodontists, eight plastic surgeons, eight beauticians and eight lay people to group them into three groups with least attractive, average and attractive smile and buccal corridor width was measured.

Nasomaxillary complex in size, position and orientation in surgically treated and untreated individuals with cleft lip and palate: A cephalometric overview.

Background: This cross-sectional retrospective cephalometric study was designed to clarify whether the maxillary deficiency seen in surgically treated individuals with non-syndromic complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is due to inherent growth potential or iatrogenicity.

Materials And Methods: 72 adult individuals were randomly selected in the age range of 12-20 years, and were divided into two groups. Group I had 47 untreated individuals.

Relationship of maxilla to cranial base in different facial types-a cephalometric evaluation.

Background: Many conflicting opinions have been put forth in the dental literature concerning the maxilla and its relationship to craniofacial complex. In view of this fact, this cephalometric study was conducted to determine the relationship of maxilla to cranial base in different facial types.

Materials And Methods: The sample consists of 120 pretreatment lateral cephalogram, which were categorized into three groups, normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent.