A Comparison Between Intravesical Gemcitabine Plus Docetaxel and Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in the Treatment of Nonmuscle Invasive Naive Urinary Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Oncological Outcomes.

This study evaluated the efficacy, recurrence rates, and safety of intravesical gemcitabine plus docetaxel compared to standard Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy for treating naïve non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), with a focus on reducing recurrence and progression concerns associated with transurethral resection (TURBT). A systematic review and meta-analysis of three original studies were conducted, assessing recurrence rates and safety profiles. The meta-analysis revealed no heterogeneity in recurrence rates between the gemcitabine plus docetaxel and BCG groups, with an overall Odds Ratio for recurrence of 0.

Machine learning identifies cytokine signatures of disease severity and autoantibody profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus - a pilot study.

Disrupted cytokine networks and autoantibodies play an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. However, conflicting reports and non-reproducibility have hindered progress regarding the translational potential of cytokines in SLE. This study attempts to address the existing knowledge gap using multiplex cytokine assay and machine learning.

An explainable graph neural network approach for effectively integrating multi-omics with prior knowledge to identify biomarkers from interacting biological domains.

The rapid growth of multi-omics datasets, in addition to the wealth of existing biological prior knowledge, necessitates the development of effective methods for their integration. Such methods are essential for building predictive models and identifying disease-related molecular markers. We propose a framework for supervised integration of multi-omics data with biological priors represented as knowledge graphs.

Comparing the efficacy of Agnikarma with therapeutic ultrasound in the management of tennis elbow - A randomised controlled preliminary study.

Background: Tennis elbow is a common musculoskeletal disease of elbow and causes restricted movement of forearm. Various treatment modalities like NSAID, corticosteroid injection, counter bracing, physiotherapy, surgery etc are available but safety and efficacy of one treatment over another is under research. Ayurveda classifies this condition as Snayugata vata.

Molecular and functional insight into anti-EGFR nanobody: Theranostic implications for malignancies.

Targeted therapy and imaging are the most popular techniques for the intervention and diagnosis of cancer. A potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer is the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), primarily for glioblastoma, lung, and breast cancer. Over-production of ligand, transcriptional up-regulation due to autocrine/paracrine signalling, or point mutations at the genomic locus may contribute to the malfunction of EGFR in malignancies.

A Rare Case of Neonatal Hypomagnesemia with Secondary Hypocalcemia Caused by a Novel Homozygous TRPM6 Gene Variant.

BACKGROUND Familial hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia (HSH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder (OMIM# 602014) caused by mutations in the gene encoding transient receptor potential melastatin 6 (TRPM6)) on chromosome 9q22, a channel involved in epithelial magnesium resorption. While a plethora of studies have delineated various clinical manifestations pertinent to this mutation, the literature is devoid of connections between TRPM6 mutations and bleeding diathesis, or sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This report presents a case of familial HSH associated with the novel homozygous TRPM6 gene variant c.

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of p16 and p53 in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Special Regard to Human Papillomavirus Status.

Background: Incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC and OPSCC) is on a rising trend globally and has specific therapeutic implications. HPV-related tumors have a distinct pathogenetic mechanism targeting p16 and p53 both. However, there are limited studies evaluating p16 and p53 expression in combination.

A Drug Utilization Study of Anti-glaucoma Drugs in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background And Objectives: Today, branded medications and polytherapy are frequently prescribed for glaucoma, even without giving the patient the proper instructions. Hence, the safety, effectiveness, cost, and patient compliance of glaucoma medication must be weighed, and the anti-glaucoma medicine usage must be studied. Analysis of glaucoma patients' prescription usage was the objective of this study.

Towards development of biobetter: L-asparaginase a case study.

Background: L-asparaginase (ASNase) has played a key role in the management of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). As an amidohydrolase, it catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-asparagine, a crucial step in the treatment of ALL. Various ASNase variants have evolved from diverse sources since it was first used in paediatric patients in the 1960s.

Silica sources for arsenic mitigation in rice: machine learning-based predictive modeling and risk assessment.

Arsenic (As) is a well-known human carcinogen, and the consumption of rice is the main pathway for the South Asian people. The study evaluated the impact of the amendments involving CaSiO, SiO nanoparticles, silica solubilizing bacteria (SSB), and rice straw compost (RSC) on mitigation of As toxicity in rice. The translocation of As from soil to cooked rice was tracked, and the results showed that RSC and its combination with SSB were the most effective in reducing As loading in rice grain by 53.

Procalcitonin is elevated in severe malaria and is a promising biomarker of severe malaria and multi-organ dysfunction: A cross-sectional study and meta-analysis.

Background: Elevated procalcitonin (PCT) has been reported in bacterial infection and is positively associated with the severity of the disease. Patients with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria also display higher procalcitonin levels compared to those with non-severe disease, indicating a possible role for bacterial infection in severe disease, however this observation remained variable in different study population. Furthermore, the significance of PCT in different clinical categories of severe malaria has not been evaluated so far.

A survey on rumor detection and prevention in social media using deep learning.

In the current digital era, massive amounts of unreliable, purposefully misleading material, such as texts and images, are being shared widely on various web platforms to deceive the reader. Most of us use social media sites to exchange or obtain information. This opens a lot of space for false information, like fake news, rumors, etc.

Dapagliflozin Versus Vildagliptin as an Adjuvant to Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Open-label Study.

Introduction: The rising burden of diabetes mellitus led to the development of novel drugs like dapagliflozin and vildagliptin. Their efficacies in chronic diabetic patients have been thoroughly studied. However, there is a paucity of comparative studies on these drugs in newly diagnosed diabetic patients.

Selecting deep neural networks that yield consistent attribution-based interpretations for genomics.

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have advanced our ability to take DNA primary sequence as input and predict a myriad of molecular activities measured via high-throughput functional genomic assays. Post hoc attribution analysis has been employed to provide insights into the importance of features learned by DNNs, often revealing patterns such as sequence motifs. However, attribution maps typically harbor spurious importance scores to an extent that varies from model to model, even for DNNs whose predictions generalize well.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Personnel Involved in Bio Medical Waste Handling about COVID-19 & Its Bio-Medical Waste Management: A Descriptive Analysis.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased amount of biomedical waste, worsening the already strained biomedical waste management system in India. As biomedical waste handlers are the core of biomedical waste handling, their knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding sorting, segregation, transport, and storage of the waste are of prime concern. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of personnel involved in biomedical waste handling about COVID-19 and its biomedical waste management at All India Institute of Medical Sciences Mangalagiri.

Impact of Noise on Sound Processing at Lower Auditory System: An Electrophysiological Study.

The importance of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is well documented in behavioral speech perception experiments and psychophysical measurements. Studies on ABR related to the encoding of signals in ipsilateral noise are very limited. The present study aimed to systematically investigate the effect of various SNRs on the latency and amplitude of ABR to a range of stimuli & to compare the latency and amplitude of ABR recorded in various ipsilateral SNRs in children and adults.

Learning single-cell chromatin accessibility profiles using meta-analytic marker genes.

Motivation: Single-cell assay for transposase accessible chromatin using sequencing (scATAC-seq) is a valuable resource to learn cis-regulatory elements such as cell-type specific enhancers and transcription factor binding sites. However, cell-type identification of scATAC-seq data is known to be challenging due to the heterogeneity derived from different protocols and the high dropout rate.

Results: In this study, we perform a systematic comparison of seven scATAC-seq datasets of mouse brain to benchmark the efficacy of neuronal cell-type annotation from gene sets.

Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of pharmacovigilance among paediatricians of Odisha and factors related to poor reporting of adverse drug reactions.

Background: Children are very much vulnerable to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and also tend to have more severe form of adverse effects compared to adults. Though ADR is a significant problem in children, paediatricians seem to neglect this aspect. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) studies related to pharmacovigilance among paediatricians are lacking in literature.

The role of MBL, PCT, CRP, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet lymphocyte ratio in differentiating infections from flares in lupus.

Background: The distinction between infection and flare in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has always been a dilemma for clinicians as the clinical and biochemical profiles overlap. The present study evaluated affordable biomarkers to distinguish infection from flare in an SLE cohort in a tertiary care center in eastern India.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-two SLE patients were clinically evaluated and enrolled in the present study.

Role of interleukin-6 and interferon-α in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case-control study and meta-analysis.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder affecting various organ systems with unknown etiology. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-alpha (IFN-α) have been shown to have a major role in disease pathogenesis, and they correlate with SLE disease activity, but reports in the literature are conflicting. The present study aims to investigate the significance of IL-6 and IFN-α levels in SLE pathogenesis in an eastern Indian cohort.