The assembly of mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes is regulated by lysine-methylation dependent proteolysis.

The assembly of mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes is developmentally programed, and loss/mutations of SWI/SNF subunits alter the levels of other components through proteolysis, causing cancers. Here, we show that mouse Lsd1/Kdm1a deletion causes dramatic dissolution of SWI/SNF complexes and that LSD1 demethylates the methylated lysine residues in SMARCC1 and SMARCC2 to preserve the structural integrity of SWI/SNF complexes. The methylated SMARCC1/SMARCC2 are targeted for proteolysis by L3MBTL3 and the CRL4 ubiquitin ligase complex.

Significance of KRAS/PAK1/Crk pathway in non-small cell lung cancer oncogenesis.

Background: Key effector(s) of mutated KRAS in lung cancer progression and metastasis are unknown. Here we investigated the role of PAK1/Crk axis in transduction of the oncogenic KRAS signal in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We used NSCLC clinical specimens to examine the correlation among KRAS mutations (codon 12, 13 and 61); PAK1/Crk axis activation [p-PAK1(Thr423), p-Crk(Ser41)]; and adhesion molecules expression by immunohistochemistry.

Predicting clinical concussion measures at baseline based on motivation and academic profile.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to predict baseline neurocognitive and postural control performance using a measure of motivation, high school grade point average (hsGPA), and Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) score.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Clinical research center.

PAK1 kinase promotes cell motility and invasiveness through CRK-II serine phosphorylation in non-small cell lung cancer cells.

The role of c-Crk (CRK) in promoting metastasis is well described however the role of CRK phosphorylation and the corresponding signaling events are not well explained. We have observed CRK-II serine 41 phosphorylation is inversely correlated with p120-catenin and E-cadherin expressions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Therefore, we investigated the role of CRK-II serine 41 phosphorylation in the down-regulation of p120-catenin, cell motility and cell invasiveness in NSCLC cells.

Brain blood flow in the nitroglycerin (GTN) model of migraine: measurement using positron emission tomography and transcranial Doppler.

Nitroglycerin has been widely used as a model of experimental migraine. Studies combining measurement of flow velocity using transcranial Doppler (TCD) concurrently with measures of cerebral blood flow (CBF) are uncommon. We report the results of a study combining TCD and positron emission tomography (PET).

Influence of family history on clinical expression of Tourette's syndrome.

Objective: To determine the influence of family history on clinical expression of Tourette's syndrome (TS).

Background: Recent studies have suggested that clinical expression of TS is similar among sporadic (SP) and familial patients but may be influenced by bilineal (BIL) transmission of tics or obsessive-compulsive behavior (OCB) in high-density pedigrees.

Methods: The authors used family history methodology, supported by direct examination of affected relatives in 73% of familial patients, to determine the frequency of SP TS, and of unilineal (UNL) and BIL transmission of tics or OCB in 111 consecutively ascertained juvenile TS patients.

Features resembling Tourette's syndrome in developmental stutterers.

Developmental stuttering (DS) may be related to the extrapyramidal motor system and shares many clinical similarities with Tourette's syndrome (TS), which is widely believed to be associated with extrapyramidal dysfunction. Twenty-two stutterers were examined for neuropsychiatric features commonly seen in TS, including tics, obsessive-compulsive behaviors (OCB), and attention deficit disorders. Eleven stutterers displayed motor tics, and symptoms of OCB were observed at rates similar to those seen in persons with TS.

A controlled trial of deprenyl in children with Tourette's syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

We conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study to assess the efficacy of deprenyl for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents with comorbid Tourette's syndrome (TS). Twenty-four subjects (21 boys, 3 girls; mean age 12 years) were enrolled at two sites (University of Rochester and Baylor College of Medicine). The design included two 8-week treatment periods separated by a 6-week washout period.

Non-obscene complex socially inappropriate behavior in Tourette's syndrome.

The authors surveyed 87 adolescent or adult patients with Tourette's syndrome (TS) regarding the presence, characteristics, and functional impact of non-obscene socially inappropriate (SI) behavior. Reported behaviors included insulting others (22%), other SI comments (5%), and SI actions (14%). More often, subjects described having an urge to carry out these behaviors (30%, 26%, 22%, respectively), which they often attempted to suppress.