The antibiotic de-escalation strategy in patients with multidrug-resistant bacterial colonization after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Colonization by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and related bloodstream infections (BSI) are associated with a high rate of mortality in patients with hematological malignancies after intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). In this retrospective study, we analyzed the outcomes of patients colonized with MDR bacteria (primarily carbapenem-resistant , KPC), before allo-SCT. We also investigated the feasibility and safety of an antimicrobial de-escalating approach in these patients.

Evaluating the quality and readability of ChatGPT-generated patient-facing medical information in rhinology.

Purpose: The artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot ChatGPT has become a major tool for generating responses in healthcare. This study assessed ChatGPT's ability to generate French preoperative patient-facing medical information (PFI) in rhinology at a comparable level to material provided by an academic source, the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (Société Française d'Otorhinolaryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, SFORL).

Methods: ChatGPT and SFORL French preoperative PFI in rhinology were compared by analyzing responses to 16 questions regarding common rhinology procedures: ethmoidectomy, sphenoidotomy, septoplasty, and endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy.

Impact of daratumumab/bortezomib/thalidomide and dexamethasone induction therapy on chemo-free stem cell mobilization in transplant eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a multicentre real-world experience.

Not available.

Aloe arborescens supplementation in drying-off dairy cows: influence on rumen, rectum and milk microbiomes.

Background: In the context of the RABOLA project, which aimed to identify operational practices that lead to the reduction of antibiotic use in dairy cattle farming, lyophilised Aloe arborescens was administered orally to cows during the dry-off and peripartum periods. In this specific paper we wanted to examine whether oral administration of Aloe arborescens, in combination with the topical application of a teat sealant could exert an effect on the microbial populations of three cow microbiomes (rumen, milk, rectum), between dry-off and peripartum. Dry-off and peripartum are critical physiological phases of the cow's life, where both the mammary gland and the gastrointestinal tract undergo dramatic modifications, hence the relevance of evaluating the effects of dietary treatments.

Artificial Intelligence for Otosclerosis Detection: A Pilot Study.

The gold standard for otosclerosis diagnosis, aside from surgery, is high-resolution temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT), but it can be compromised by the small size of the lesions. Many artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms exist, but they are not yet used in daily practice for otosclerosis diagnosis. The aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of AI in the detection of otosclerosis.

Vestibular Assessment with the vHIT and Skull Vibration-Induced Nystagmus Test in Patients with Nonprogressive Vestibular Schwannoma.

: Our primary objective was to monitor nonprogressive unilateral vestibular schwannomas (VSs) to assess the efficiency of rapid bedside examinations, such as the video head impulse test (vHIT) and skull vibration-induced nystagmus test (SVINT), in identifying vestibular damage. : An observational study was conducted from March 2021 to March 2022 on all adult patients (>18 years old) with a confirmed nonprogressive VS (no active treatment). The SVINT (using a 100 Hz vibrator with two (SVINT2) or three (SVINT3) stimulation locations) and vHIT (for the six semicircular canals (SCCs)) were performed on all patients.

Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukaemia.

Refractory acute myeloid leukaemia is very difficult to treat and represents an unmet clinical need. In recent years, new drugs and combinations of drugs have been tested in this category, with encouraging results. However, all treated patients relapsed and died from the disease.

The Prognostic Value of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with COVID-19: The COVIDORA Study.

Background: Among all studies describing COVID-19 clinical features during the first wave of the pandemic, only a few retrospective studies have assessed the correlation between olfac-tory dysfunction (OD) and the evolution of disease severity. The main aim was to assess whether OD is a predictive factor of COVID-19 severity based on the patient's medical management (outpa-tient care, standard hospital admission, and ICU admission).

Methods: A national, prospective, mul-ticenter cohort study was conducted in 20 public hospitals and a public center for COVID-19 screen-ing.

Dupilumab prevents nasal epithelial function alteration by IL-4 in vitro: Evidence for its efficacy.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) is a typical type 2 inflammation involving interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13. Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4 receptor α subunit, thereby blocking signaling by both cytokines. Our hypothesis was that IL-4 and IL-13, by inducing a severe epithelial dysregulation, are involved in CRSwNP pathogenesis.

The Effects of Malnutrition on Inpatient Outcomes in Patients With Gastroparesis: A Nationwide Analysis.

Introduction Gastroparesis (GP) is a chronic debilitating gastric motility disorder defined as delayed emptying of the stomach content without mechanical obstruction. It can result in nutritional deficiencies, leading to poor overall outcomes. We assessed the impact of malnutrition on in-hospital outcomes in patients with gastroparesis.

Allograft bone vs. bioactive glass in rehabilitation of canal wall-down surgery.

Canal wall-down (CWD) mastoidectomy creates a radical cavity that modifies the anatomy and physiology of the middle ear, thus preventing it from being self-cleaning and causing epidermal stagnation in the posterior cavities. Canal wall-down tympanomastoidectomy with reconstruction (CWDTwR) can obliterate such radical cavities. The main objective of this study was to compare postoperative results after CWDTwR by using either bone allografts or 45S5 bioactive glass as a filling tissue with an 18-month follow-up.

Eustachian tube balloon dilation.

Eustachian tube dysfunction is a frequent pathology of middle-ear ventilation, leading to many more or less disabling otologic symptoms. Severity varies from simple otitis media with effusion to aggressive chronic otitis or cholesteatoma. First-line treatment is medical, but surgery can also be proposed.

Incidence of Underlying Abnormal Findings on Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Bell Palsy.

Importance: There is no consensus on the benefits of routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the facial nerve in patients with suspected idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (PFP) (ie, Bell palsy [BP]).

Objectives: To estimate the proportion of adult patients in whom MRI led to correction of an initial clinical diagnosis of BP; to determine the proportion of patients with confirmed BP who had MRI evidence of facial nerve neuritis without secondary lesions; and to identify factors associated with secondary (nonidiopathic) PFP at initial presentation and 1 month later.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective multicenter cohort study analyzed the clinical and radiological data of 120 patients initially diagnosed with suspected BP from January 1, 2018, to April 30, 2022, at the emergency department of 3 tertiary referral centers in France.

Oncostatin M Contributes to Airway Epithelial Cell Dysfunction in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a typical type-2 inflammation involving several cytokines and is associated with epithelial cell dysfunction. Oncostatin M (OSM) (belonging to the interleukin(IL)-6 family) could be a key driver of epithelial barrier dysfunction. Therefore, we investigated the presence of OSM and IL-6 and the expression pattern of tight junctions (TJs) in the nasal tissue of CRSwNP patients and controls using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting.

Disabling hearing loss after Lefort I osteotomies in patients with history of Eustachian tube dysfunction: An unknown complication.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the predisposing factors of this deafness after orthognathic surgery for a population with no history of cleft palate.

Material And Methods: All patients with significant auditory symptoms after orthognathic surgery performed in the department of Craniomaxillofacial surgery in the Croix Rousse Hospital, Lyon, France, since 2012 were included in the study. The exclusion criterion was a history of cleft palate.

The place of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the era of CAR-T-cell therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are a treatment option for patients with relapse/refractory (R/R) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), acute lymphoid leukemia and multiple myeloma. To date, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have been successfully treated with CAR-T cells directed against the CD19 antigen. However, when R/R disease persists after several treatment lines, patients with these diseases are often referred to transplantation centres to receive allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ALLO-SCT).

Systematic MRI in persistent post-Covid-19 olfactory dysfunction should be reassessed.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard in the etiological assessment of a persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD). While the utility of imaging in COVID-19-related OD has yet to be established, MRI is recommended in all patients with persistent OD. The high prevalence of the latter after SARS-CoV-2 infection means evaluating this strategy is an important public health matter.

Necrotizing external otitis: analysis of relapse risk factors in 66 patients managed during a 12 year period.

Background: Necrotizing external otitis (NEO) is a severe infection of the skull base that occurs generally in the elderly and/or in diabetic recipients. There are few data in the literature about the therapeutic management of this complex bone infection.

Objectives: To analyse relapses after NEO treatment completion, and to describe the clinical features of NEO.

Seasonal Variations of Hospital Admissions for Alcohol-Related Hepatitis in the United States.

Background: Clinical experience suggests an increased hospitalization rate for alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) in the winter months; however, seasonal variations in the prevalence of hospitalizations for AH have not been described previously. We hypothesized that AH hospitalizations would be higher in the winter months due to the holiday season and increased alcohol sales.

Methods: Patients with primary or secondary discharge diagnosis of AH were included in the study (International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification-10th Revision codes K70.