Supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q in an elderly Swedish population low in selenium - positive effects on thyroid hormones, cardiovascular mortality, and quality of life.

Background: Selenium-dependent deiodinases play a central role in thyroid hormone regulation and metabolism. In many European countries, insufficient selenium intake may consequently lead to adverse effects on thyroid function. In this randomised placebo-controlled double-blind study, we examined the effect of supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q on thyroid hormonal status, cardiovascular (CV) mortality and health-related quality of life (Hr-QoL).

Vitamin K and Calcium Chelation in Vascular Health.

The observation that the extent of artery calcification correlates with the degree of atherosclerosis was the background for the alternative treatment of cardiovascular disease with chelator ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA). Recent studies have indicated that such chelation treatment has only marginal impact on the course of vascular disease. In contrast, endogenous calcium chelation with removal of calcium from the cardiovascular system paralleled by improved bone mineralization exerted, i.

Sirtuin1, not NAMPT, possesses anti-inflammatory effects in epicardial, pericardial and subcutaneous adipose tissue in patients with CHD.

Background: Inflammation in cardiac adipose tissue (AT) is associated with atherosclerosis. We investigated whether the epicardial-, pericardial and pre-sternal subcutaneous AT (EAT, PAT and SAT) expression of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) are involved in the inflammatory process in coronary heart disease (CHD), and potentially associated to nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-related markers, macrophage polarization markers, cell markers and the cardiometabolic profile.

Methods: In this cohort study performed between 2016 and 2018, EAT, PAT and SAT biopsies were retrieved from 52 CHD patients (77% men, median age 67) undergoing open-chest coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and 22 patients (50% men, median age 69) undergoing aortic valve replacement serving as controls.

Effects of an Intervention with Selenium and Coenzyme Q on Five Selected Age-Related Biomarkers in Elderly Swedes Low in Selenium: Results That Point to an Anti-Ageing Effect-A Sub-Analysis of a Previous Prospective Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomised Clinical Trial.

Ageing is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). As no single biomarker reflects the full ageing process, we aimed to investigate five CVD- and age-related markers and the effects of selenium and coenzyme Q10 intervention to elucidate the mechanisms that may influence the course of ageing. This is a sub-study of a previous prospective double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial that included 441 subjects low in selenium (mean age 77, 49% women).

Macrophage polarization markers in subcutaneous, pericardial, and epicardial adipose tissue are altered in patients with coronary heart disease.

Background: Epicardial and pericardial adipose tissue (EAT and PAT) surround and protect the heart, with EAT directly sharing the microcirculation with the myocardium, possibly presenting a distinct macrophage phenotype that might affect the inflammatory environment in coronary heart disease (CHD). This study aims to investigate the expression of genes in different AT compartments driving the polarization of AT macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory (L-Galectin 9; CD206) or pro-inflammatory (NOS2) phenotype.

Methods: EAT, PAT, and subcutaneous (SAT) biopsies were collected from 52 CHD patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, and from 22 CTRLs undergoing aortic valve replacement.

The NLRP3 Genetic Variant (rs10754555) Reduces the Risk of Adverse Outcome in Middle-Aged Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Inflammation is central in development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Aberrant function of the Nod-Like Receptor Protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a central mediator in the proinflammatory response, has been associated with atherosclerosis. The influence of genetic determinants on this inflammatory pathway and its downstream effects is less known.

Genetic Variation in ADAMTS13 is Related to VWF Levels, Atrial Fibrillation and Cerebral Ischemic Events.

Introduction: ADAMTS13 cleaves von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers into less active fragments. Both markers have been related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate the influence of ADAMTS13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on levels of ADAMTS13 and VWF, and CVD.

Changes in circulating sirtuin 1 after bariatric surgery.

Background And Aims: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Weight loss after bariatric surgery improves the inflammatory state and risk of cardiovascular disease. Improvement in metabolic dysfunction might be associated with changes in the activity of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and we aimed to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on its circulating levels.

Complement activation in association with clinical outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Introduction: The complement system and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) might contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We aimed to estimate associations between complement activation and NETs in STEMI, and their prognostic value on clinical endpoints.

Methods: In this cohort study, 864 patients admitted for PCI during STEMI were included.

Selenium and Coenzyme Q Intervention Prevents Telomere Attrition, with Association to Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality-Sub-Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Short telomeres have been associated with ageing and cardiovascular disease. The influence on leukocyte telomere length (LTL) of long-term intervention with combined selenium and coenzyme Q10 is unknown. Our aim was to determine whether 42 months of selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation prevented telomere attrition and further cardiovascular mortality.

TERT and TET2 Genetic Variants Affect Leukocyte Telomere Length and Clinical Outcome in Coronary Artery Disease Patients-A Possible Link to Clonal Hematopoiesis.

Inherited and acquired mutations in hematopoietic stem cells can cause clonal expansion with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a condition known for the clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). Inherited genetic variants in two CHIP-associated genome loci, the telomerase gene telomerase enzyme reverse transcriptase (TERT) (rs7705526) and the epigenetic regulator ten−eleven translocation 2 (TET2) (rs2454206), were investigated in 1001 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) (mean age 62 years, 22% women), with regards to cardiovascular outcome, comorbidities, and leukocyte telomere length. Over 2 years, mutated TERT increased the risk two-fold for major clinical events (MACEs) in all patients (p = 0.

Abdominal Adipose Tissue Associates With Adiponectin and TNFα in Middle-Aged Healthy Men.

Introduction: Adipokines are highly active biopeptides involved in glucose metabolism, insulin regulation and the development and progression of obesity and its associated diseases. It includes, among others, adiponectin, visfatin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). The sources of adipokines and their associations with glucometabolic variables are not completely understood.

NETosis in Long-Term Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Link to Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps NETs have been linked to glucose and the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). NETs also play a role in vascular inflammation and the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). The role of NETs in CAD progression in patients with long-term T1DM is unclear.

Adiponectin in relation to exercise and physical performance in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease.

Introduction: Adipokines, expressed by adipose tissue (AT), have been associated with metabolic disturbances and coronary artery disease (CAD). The impact of exercise training on the AT in patients suffering from both diabetes and CAD is unknown. To gain knowledge on changes in ATs' inflammatory profile in such a population, we investigated the effects of long-term exercise on selected adipokines and their associations with physical performance and glucometabolic variables.

Impact of Selenium on Biomarkers and Clinical Aspects Related to Ageing. A Review.

Selenium (Se) is an essential dietary trace element that plays an important role in the prevention of inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, infections, and cancer. Selenoproteins contain selenocysteine in the active center and include, i.a.

Effect of intermittent and continuous caloric restriction on Sirtuin1 concentration depends on sex and body mass index.

Background & Aims: The favorable effect of caloric restriction (CR) on health span is well known and partly mediated by the sirtuin system. Sirtuin1, a regulator of energy homeostasis in response to nutrient availability, is activated by CR. We therefore investigated effects of two different CR regimens on Sirtuin1 concentrations.

Biomarkers of ageing and cardiac remodeling are associated with atrial fibrillation.

. Ageing is one of the strongest risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF), and additional risk factors are also closely related to ageing. Remodeling is part of the pathophysiology of AF, and a possible common denominator of ageing and other AF risk factors.

Reduced leukocyte telomere lengths and sirtuin 1 gene expression in long-term survivors of type 1 diabetes: A Dialong substudy.

Aims/introduction: The shortening of leukocyte telomere length with age has been associated with coronary disease, whereas the association with type 1 diabetes is unclear. We aimed to explore telomere lengths in diabetes patients with regard to coronary artery disease, compared with healthy controls. The longevity factors sirtuin 1 and growth-differentiating factor 11 were investigated accordingly.

Neutrophil extracellular trap components and myocardial recovery in post-ischemic acute heart failure.

Objective: The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in acute heart failure is unknown. We recently showed that interleukin 8, a putative NETs stimulator, was associated with myocardial recovery in acute heart failure complicating ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this exploratory post-hoc study, we aimed to investigate the role of NETs components in relation to myocardial function and interleukin 8 in STEMI patients with symptomatic acute heart failure.

Markers of remodeling in subcutaneous adipose tissue are strongly associated with overweight and insulin sensitivity in healthy non-obese men.

Alteration in extracellular matrix (ECM) in adipose tissues (AT) has been associated with insulin resistance, diabetes and obesity. We investigated whether selected biomarkers of ECM remodeling in AT in healthy subjects associated with the amount and distribution of AT and with glucometabolic variables. Subcutaneous AT and fasting blood samples from 103 middle-aged healthy non-obese men were used.

Complement Activation in Association with Markers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Stable Coronary Artery Disease.

Complement activation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have both been suggested to drive atherosclerotic plaque progression. Although experimental studies suggest interplay between these two innate immunity components, the relevance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess associations between complement activation and NETs in patients with stable CAD and examine the role of complement activation on clinical outcome.

Double-Stranded DNA and NETs Components in Relation to Clinical Outcome After ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been implicated in atherothrombosis; however, their potential role as markers of risk is unclear. We investigated whether circulating NETs-related components associated with clinical outcome and hypercoagulability in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this observational cohort study, STEMI patients admitted for PCI (n = 956) were followed for median 4.

Effects of exercise training on markers of adipose tissue remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: sub study of the randomized controlled EXCADI trial.

Background: Investigate effects of long-term exercise on the remodeling markers MMP-9, TIMP-1, EMMPRIN and Galectin-3 in combined type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Any associations between these biomarkers and glucometabolic variables were further assessed at baseline.

Methods: 137 patients (age 41-81 years, 17.

Leukocyte telomere length and serum polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary habits, cardiovascular risk factors and features of myocardial infarction in elderly patients.

Background: Telomeres are non-coding sequences at the end of eukaryote chromosomes, which in complex with associated proteins serve to protect subtelomeric DNA. Telomeres shorten with each cell division, are regarded as a biomarker for aging and have also been suggested to play a role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the present study was to explore the associations between leukocyte telomere length and serum polyunsaturated fatty acids, diet, cardiovascular risk factors and features of myocardial infarction (MI) in elderly patients.