Efficacy of liquid nitrogen cryotherapy for Barrett's esophagus after endoscopic resection of intramucosal cancer: A multicenter study.

Background And Aim: Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy (LNC) allows increased depth of ablation compared with radiofrequency ablation in Barrett's esophagus (BE). Expert centers may use LNC over radiofrequency ablation to ablate Barrett's esophagus after endoscopic resection of intramucosal cancer (IMCA). The aim of our study was to (1) evaluate the safety and efficacy of LNC ablation in patients with BE and IMCA and (2) to evaluate the progression to invasive disease despite therapy.

Relationship between physical activity practice and metabolic profile of postmenopausal women under treatment with aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between physical activity practice and metabolic profile of postmenopausal women under treatment with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) for the treatment of breast cancer.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study, conducted with 101 postmenopausal women (aged 50-80 years). The sample was divided into two groups; group without cancer (GW; n=65) and breast cancer group treated with AIs (GC; n=36).

Mediators Go Together: High Production of CXCL9, CXCL10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis.

HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a chronic demyelinating and disabling syndrome caused by human T lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1). Although the pathogenic mechanisms that lead to HAM/TSP outcome have not been elucidated, genetic and immunological factors may be involved in the myelopathy occurrence. This study aimed to compare cytokines, chemokines, and nitric oxide (NO) levels in asymptomatic and HAM/TSP HTLV-1-infected patients.

Pseudotumoral neuroparacoccidioidomycosis of the posterior fossa: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis of significant importance in some Latin American countries. The widespread use of neuroimaging methods has shown that involvement of the central nervous system was more frequent than previously reported. The most common form of occurrence of neuroparacoccidioidomycosis is the pseudotumoral one.

Rings in the esophagus are not always eosinophilic esophagitis: Case series of ring forming lymphocytic esophagitis and review of the literature.

Lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) is a form of chronic esophagitis characterized by edema and lymphocytic infiltration of the epithelial peripapillary fields, without eosinophils. Its significance is unclear, as it was previously thought to have little clinical impact. More recent literature, however, describes a paradigm shift suggesting a distinct entity.

miR-21 ablation and obeticholic acid ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.

Oral paracoccidioidomycosis: Retrospective analysis of 55 Brazilian patients.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a rare fungal infection in the world, but endemic and acquired exclusively in Latin America, with the highest prevalence in South America and Brazil, particularly. Changes in oral cavity are common and constitute the first clinical manifestation in many patients. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of oral PCM and analyse the profile of the disease and patients.

IL17A Polymorphism Is Not Associated with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis.

The human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The present study investigated the association between the rs2275913 polymorphism in the IL17A gene and the development of HAM/TSP. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 116 patients (29 symptomatic patients with HAM/TSP and 87 asymptomatic) with a positive diagnosis of HTLV-1.

miR-21 ablation and obeticholic acid ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.

microRNAs were recently suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a disease lacking specific pharmacological treatments. In that regard, nuclear receptors are arising as key molecular targets for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here we show that, in a typical model of NASH-associated liver damage, microRNA-21 (miR-21) ablation results in a progressive decrease in steatosis, inflammation and lipoapoptosis, with impairment of fibrosis.

Volumetric laser endomicroscopy in the management of Barrett's esophagus.

Purpose Of Review: The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is on the rise despite widespread appreciation that the precursor lesion is Barrett's esophagus. Studies have shown that some patients known to have Barrett's esophagus develop cancer despite their enrollment in conventional endoscopic surveillance programs. This highlights the need for advanced endoscopic imaging to help identify early neoplasia and prevent its progression to esophageal cancer.

Feasibility of liquid nitrogen cryotherapy after failed radiofrequency ablation for Barrett's esophagus.

Background And Aim: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for dysplastic Barrett's esophagus (BE) is highly effective. RFA failures are infrequent but can be a challenging cohort to manage. There are limited data on the feasibility of liquid nitrogen cryospray ablation for complete eradication of dysplasia (CE-D) and/or intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) after RFA has failed to achieve CE-IM in patients with dysplastic BE.

Histopathological, Microbiological, and Radiographic Analysis of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: A Study in Rats' Molars.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo, by histological and radiographic analysis, the response of apical tissues of rats' teeth with experimentally induced apical periodontitis, after one- and two-session endodontic treatment with and without photodynamic therapy (PDT). A microbiological analysis was also performed to verify bacterial reduction after each treatment.

Background Data: Studies carried out in recent years highlighted the antibacterial potential of PDT when associated with conventional endodontic therapy in vitro.

Endothelial Dll4 overexpression reduces vascular response and inhibits tumor growth and metastasization in vivo.

Background: The inhibition of Delta-like 4 (Dll4)/Notch signaling has been shown to result in excessive, nonfunctional vessel proliferation and significant tumor growth suppression. However, safety concerns emerged with the identification of side effects resulting from chronic Dll4/Notch blockade. Alternatively, we explored the endothelial Dll4 overexpression using different mouse tumor models.

Delta-like 4/Notch signaling promotes Apc tumor initiation through angiogenic and non-angiogenic related mechanisms.

Background: Delta like 4 (Dll4)/Notch signaling is a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis. Additionally, the role of Dll4 has been studied on tumor stem cells. However, as these cells are implicated in tumor angiogenesis, it is conceivable that the effect of Dll4 on these cells may be a consequence of its angiogenic function.