Carnitine supplementation in progressive supranuclear palsy.

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). PSP is a Parkinsonian syndrome characterized by a rapidly progressive state that manifests itself as tremors, bradykinesia, and supranuclear gaze palsy. Carnitine plays an essential role in mitochondrial function by transporting fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane to be used in energy production.

Chronic Critical Illness Patients Fail to Respond to Current Evidence-Based Intensive Care Nutrition Secondarily to Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Catabolic Syndrome.

Background: Sepsis-induced multiple-organ failure (MOF) has plagued surgical intensive care units (ICUs) for decades. Early nutrition (principally enteral) improves hospital outcomes of high-risk ICU patients. The purpose of this study is to document how the growing epidemic of chronic critical illness (CCI) patients responds to adequate evidence-based ICU nutrition.

The impact of standardized protocol implementation for surgical damage control and temporary abdominal closure after emergent laparotomy.

Background: To standardize care and promote early fascial closure among patients undergoing emergent laparotomy and temporary abdominal closure (TAC), we developed a protocol addressing patient selection, operative technique, resuscitation strategies, and critical care provisions. We hypothesized that primary fascial closure rates would increase following protocol implementation with no difference in complication rates.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 138 adult trauma and emergency general surgery patients who underwent emergent laparotomy and TAC, comparing protocol patients (n = 60) to recent historic controls (n = 78) who would have met protocol inclusion criteria.

Hypertonic saline resuscitation after emergent laparotomy and temporary abdominal closure.

Background: Our objective was to establish the safety of 3% hypertonic saline (HTS) resuscitation for trauma and acute care surgery patients undergoing emergent laparotomy and temporary abdominal closure (TAC) with the hypothesis that HTS administration would be associated with hyperosmolar hypercholoremic acidosis, lower resuscitation volumes, and higher fascial closure rates, without adversely affecting renal function.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 189 trauma and acute care surgery patients who underwent emergent laparotomy and TAC, comparing patients with normal baseline renal function who received 3% HTS at 30 mL/h (n = 36) to patients with standard resuscitation (n = 153) by baseline characteristics, resuscitation parameters, and outcomes including primary fascial closure and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes stages of acute kidney injury.

Results: The HTS and standard resuscitation groups had similar baseline illness severity and organ dysfunction, though HTS patients had lower serum creatinine at initial laparotomy (1.

A protocol for the management of adhesive small bowel obstruction.

Background: Differentiating between partial adhesive small bowel obstruction (aSBO) likely to resolve with medical management and complete obstruction requiring operative intervention remains elusive. We implemented a standardized protocol for the management of aSBO and reviewed our experience retrospectively.

Methods: Patients with symptoms of aSBO were admitted for intravenous fluid resuscitation, bowel rest, nasogastric tube decompression, and abdominal examinations every 4 hours.