Externally supplied ascorbic acid moderates detrimental effects of UV-C exposure in cyanobacteria.

The defensive role performed by exogenously supplied ascorbic acid in the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum Meg1 against damages produced by UV-C radiation exposure was assessed in this study. Exposure to UV-C (24 mJ/cm) significantly enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) (50%) along with peroxidation of lipids (21%) and protein oxidation (22%) in the organism. But, addition of 0.

Impact of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastic on growth, photosynthesis and nutrient uptake of Solanum lycopersicum L. (Tomato).

Microplastics (MPs) pollution and their impact on plants have become a global threat, but their effect at the molecular level remains scarce. This study aims to gain insight into the effects of polyvinylchloride microplastic (PVC-MP) on tomato plants at the genetic and protein levels. In this study, we found that increasing concentrations of PVC-MP (2.

Seroepidemiological and genomic investigation of SARS-CoV-2 spread in North East region of India.

Purpose: Seroepidemiology and genomic surveillance are valuable tools to investigate infection transmission during a pandemic. North East (NE) India is a strategically important region being the gateway connecting the country with Southeast Asia. Here, we examined the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in NE India during the first and second waves of COVID-19 using serological and whole genome sequencing approaches.

A machine learning-based approach to determine infection status in recipients of BBV152 (Covaxin) whole-virion inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for serological surveys.

Data science has been an invaluable part of the COVID-19 pandemic response with multiple applications, ranging from tracking viral evolution to understanding the vaccine effectiveness. Asymptomatic breakthrough infections have been a major problem in assessing vaccine effectiveness in populations globally. Serological discrimination of vaccine response from infection has so far been limited to Spike protein vaccines since whole virion vaccines generate antibodies against all the viral proteins.

Insights from a Pan India Sero-Epidemiological survey (Phenome-India Cohort) for SARS-CoV2.

To understand the spread of SARS-CoV2, in August and September 2020, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (India) conducted a serosurvey across its constituent laboratories and centers across India. Of 10,427 volunteers, 1058 (10.14%) tested positive for SARS-CoV2 anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) antibodies, 95% of which had surrogate neutralization activity.

Dynamics of Mycobacteriophage-Mycobacterial Host Interaction.

Mycobacterium sp. is exhibiting complex evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and can therefore be considered as a serious human pathogen. Many strategies were employed earlier to evade the pathogenesis but AMR became threatened.

Modulation of oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis in the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum Meg1 under UV-C radiation stress.

The present work was conducted to study how restoration of perturbed oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis is achieved in the UV-C radiation exposed cells of cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum Meg1. Exposure to varying doses of UV-C radiation (6, 12, 18 and 24 mJ/cm) showed damage to ultrastructures especially cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall and organisation of thylakoid membranes of the cyanobacterium under transmission electron microscope (TEM). All doses of UV-C exposure significantly induced most of the enzymatic antioxidant {catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR)} activities, their protein levels (western blot analysis) and mRNA levels (real time PCR analysis) within the first hour of post UV-C radiation incubation period.

Unstandardized UV-C dose used for killing harmful cyanobacteria may instead initiate accelerated growth in the target organisms.

Although UV-C radiation has been in use for killing unwanted cyanobacteria, experiments with lower doses of UV-C radiation instead showed induction of growth related parameters and enhanced biomass production in the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum Meg1. When the cyanobacterial cultures were exposed to UV-C radiation of varying doses (6, 12 and 18 mJ/cm), concentrations of various photo-absorbing pigments, RuBisCO and D1 protein of PSII; activities of oxygen evolving complex, nitrogenase and glutamine synthetase were significantly increased upon 6 and 12 mJ/cm UV-C radiation exposures. Resulting higher photosynthetic performance was evident from the augmentation in carbohydrate content by ∼49% under single exposure to 6 mJ/cm UV-C by fifteenth day.

Dose dependent variance in UV-C radiation induced effects on carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum Meg1.

With the intention of getting an insight into the differential effect of UV-C radiation on the N-fixing heterocystous cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum Meg1, various aspects of carbon and nitrogen metabolism was evaluated in the organism. Exposure to different doses of UV-C (6, 12, 18 and 24 mJ/cm) showed that among various photo-absorbing pigments, phycobiliproteins were most sensitive. Oxygen evolving complex (OEC) activity measured as net oxygen evolution rate decreased by 63% upon 24 mJ/cm exposure.