Examining Smoking Dependence Motives among African American Light Smokers.

Introduction: Despite smoking fewer cigarettes per day, African American smokers have greater difficulty quitting compared to Caucasian smokers. Further elucidating the impact of smoking motivations on smoking behavior would contribute to understanding the factors that maintain smoking.

Aims: This study examined the factor structure of a brief assessment examining smoking dependence motives among a sample of African American light smokers.

Baseline characteristics and recruitment strategies in a randomized clinical trial of African-American light smokers.

Purpose: This study describes the design, recruitment, and baseline data of the first smoking-cessation clinical trial for African-American light smokers, Kick It at Swope II (KIS-II).

Design: KIS-II was a randomized trial testing the efficacy of nicotine gum (vs. placebo gum) in combination with counseling (motivational interviewing or health education).