PAX6 suppresses growth of human glioblastoma cells.

Purpose: Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most common primary malignant brain tumors. Majority of GBMs has loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 10. The PAX6 encodes a transcription factor that involves in development of the brain, where its expression persists.

Mechanisms underlying PTEN regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis.

Inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN and overexpression of VEGF are two of the most common events observed in high-grade malignant gliomas. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PTEN controls VEGF expression in gliomas under normoxic conditions. Transfer of PTEN to human glioma cells resulted in the transduction of a functional PTEN protein as evidenced by the upregulation of p27 and modification of the phosphorylation status of Akt.