An overview of image-based phenotyping as an adaptive 4.0 technology for studying plant abiotic stress: A bibliometric and literature review.

Improving the tolerance of crop species to abiotic stresses that limit plant growth and productivity is essential for mitigating the emerging problems of global warming. In this context, imaged data analysis represents an effective method in the 4.0 technology era, where this method has the non-destructive and recursive characterization of plant phenotypic traits as selection criteria.