Differences in effective dose and energy imparted estimation from PA-AP, RLAT-LLAT projections in pediatric full spine x-ray examination using the Monte Carlo technique.

Effective dose (E) and energy imparted (epsilon) can be used to quantify the risk of radiation-induced carcinogenesis or hereditary effects arising from radiographic exposures. When the children are examined or treated for idiopathic scoliokyphosis it is important to estimate E and epsilon in the patients due to full spine x-ray examination. The aim of this study is to calculate E and epsilon in the case of children of 5 and 10 years old who undergo full spine x-ray examination using the Monte Carlo approach.

Assessment of patient radiation doses during transcatheter closure of ventricular and atrial septal defects with Amplatzer devices.

The purpose of this study was to estimate the radiation dose to which children are exposed during cardiac catheterizations for the treatment of ventricular and atrial septal defects. Radiation doses were estimated for 46 children aged 1-18 years. These children were treated for secundum atrial septal defects (ASD group) for perimembranous ventricular septal defects (VSD group) or underwent a routine diagnostic catheterization (diagnostic group).

Radiation dose considerations in common paediatric X-ray examinations.

Background: For paediatric radiology, diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) have been proposed by the National Radiological Protection Board and the European Commission, representing a baseline above which re-evaluation of the equipment and the techniques used is necessary.

Objective: To measure the entrance surface dose (ESD) in various paediatric radiological examinations carried out at a large paediatric hospital in Greece and compare them with the existing DRLs.

Materials And Methods: Measurements of ESD using thermoluminescent dosemeters were carried out in a sample of 168 paediatric patients who underwent various common radiological examinations (chest, skull, pelvis, lumbar spine, full spine).