Dose Escalation Patterns and Associated Costs of Advanced Therapies for Ulcerative Colitis in France and the United Kingdom: A Retrospective Database Analysis.

Background: Dose escalation to optimize advanced therapies is common in ulcerative colitis (UC) to avoid intra-class or inter-class drug switching and maintain clinical response and has impact on costs. Given the limited real-world data available, this study aims to understand real-world dose escalation UC advanced therapies patterns in France and United Kingdom [UK].

Methods: Retrospective study in adult patients with moderate-to-severe UC starting an advanced UC therapy (adalimumab [ADA], golimumab [GOL], infliximab [IFX], tofacitinib [TOF], ustekinumab [UST], or vedolizumab [VED]) with first prescription (and/or dispensation for France) between January 2017 and February 2022 (ie advanced UC therapy new users, by excluding patients who used any of these drugs in the previous 12 months to their index date).

Baricitinib as monotherapy for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: analysis of real-world data.

Objective: Baricitinib is an oral, reversible and selective inhibitor of Janus kinase (JAK)1 and JAK2 that is approved as monotherapy or in combination with methotrexate for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have responded inadequately to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Evidence supporting the approved monotherapy indication is growing in real-world settings that reflect routine clinical practice.

Methods: Results of separate analyses of real-world data from the observational prospective RA-BE-REAL, Erlangen Baricitinib cohort, the BSRBR-RA, and Swiss Clinical Quality Management in Rheumatic Diseases (SCQM) registries, and the retrospective ORBIT-RA and SUSTAIN long-term chart reviews were reported, documenting baseline data and outcomes for a total of 932 patients with active RA receiving baricitinib as monotherapy.

Real-world utilisation and switching between Janus kinase inhibitors in Australian patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the OPAL dataset.

Objectives: To describe use and treatment persistence for Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by line of therapy, and the mechanism of action for the drug switched to after JAKi discontinuation.

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational analysis using the OPAL dataset, a large collection of deidentified electronic medical records from 112 rheumatologists around Australia. Adult patients with RA were included if they initiated tofacitinib (TOF), baricitinib (BARI) or upadacitinib (UPA) between 1 October 2015 and 30 September 2021.

Comparative Effectiveness of First-Line Baricitinib in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Australian OPAL Data Set.

Objective: To analyze comparative treatment persistence for first-line baricitinib (BARI) versus first-line tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and for first-line BARI initiated as monotherapy versus first-line BARI initiated with at least one conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (csDMARD).

Methods: Patients with RA who initiated BARI or TNFi as first-line biologic or targeted synthetic DMARD from October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2021, were identified in the OPAL data set. Drug survival times to 6, 12, and 24 months were analyzed using restricted mean survival time (RMST).

Real-world evidence for ixekizumab in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: literature review 2016-2021.

Objectives: To describe the results of a structured literature review of real-world outcomes with ixekizumab in patients with psoriasis (PsO) and/or psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Methods: Literature databases, conference proceedings and additional sources were searched for relevant publications. Real-world studies of ≥25 ixekizumab-treated patients with PsO and/or PsA were included.

Patient Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, Healthcare Resource Utilization, and Costs of Targeted Therapy-Eligible Atopic Dermatitis Patients in Taiwan-A Real-World Study.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to conduct a retrospective analysis to understand the patient profile, treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization, and cost of atopic dermatitis (AD) of patients eligible for targeted therapy in Taiwan.

Methods: A retrospective, claims-based analysis was undertaken using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database from 01 January 2014 to 31 December 2017. Patients aged ≥ 2 years and with at least one diagnosis code for AD during 2015 were identified.

Costs and resource use of community-dwelling patients with Alzheimer's disease in Japan: 18-month results from the GERAS-J study.

Objective: To determine the longitudinal societal costs and burden of community-dwelling patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their caregivers in Japan.

Methods: GERAS-J was an 18-month, prospective, longitudinal, observational study. Using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), patients routinely visiting memory clinics were stratified into groups based on AD severity at baseline (mild, moderate, and moderately severe/severe [MS/S]).

Unmet Needs in Japanese Patients Who Report Insufficient Efficacy with Triptans for Acute Treatment of Migraine: Retrospective Analysis of Real-World Data.

Introduction: Migraine attacks notably impact people's daily lives, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and ability to work. Triptans are widely used as acute medication for a migraine attack but are ineffective, poorly tolerated, or contraindicated in some patients. HRQoL and work productivity are therefore likely to pose particular problems for patients whose migraine attacks do not respond sufficiently to triptan acute treatment.

Factors associated with insufficient response to acute treatment of migraine in Japan: analysis of real-world data from the Adelphi Migraine Disease Specific Programme.

Background: Real-world data on sufficient/insufficient response, and predictors of insufficient response, to acute treatments for migraine are limited in Japan. This study aimed to identify factors associated with insufficient response to acute treatment of migraine by exploring significant differences between people with migraine who sufficiently/insufficiently respond to prescribed acute treatment in Japan.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 2014 Adelphi Migraine Disease Specific Programme cross-sectional survey data collected from physicians and their consulting adult patients with migraine in Japan.

Cross-sectional survey in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes to understand mealtime insulin unmet needs in Japan: The MINUTES-J study.

Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate existing burden and unmet needs related to mealtime insulin (MTI) injection timing among adult Japanese patients with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. It also aimed to evaluate if a novel MTI could reduce this burden.

Methods: This study comprised of a qualitative pilot study facilitating development of an online survey; followed by an online quantitative survey involving T1D, young T2D (yT2D) and elderly T2D (eT2D) patients to assess burden of current MTI timings in Japan.

Costs and Resource Use Associated with Community-Dwelling Patients with Alzheimer's Disease in Japan: Baseline Results from the Prospective Observational GERAS-J Study.

Background: As the Japanese population ages, caring for people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia is becoming a major socioeconomic issue.

Objective: To determine the contribution of patient and caregiver costs to total societal costs associated with AD dementia.

Methods: Baseline data was used from the longitudinal, observational GERAS-J study.

Real-world data reveal unmet clinical needs in insulin treatment in Asian people with type 2 diabetes: the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) Register.

Aims: To explore the pattern of insulin use and glycaemic control in Asian people with type 2 diabetes, stratified by gender, young-onset diabetes (YOD; diagnosed before age 40 years), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD; estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] < 60 mL/min/1.73m ).

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 97 852 patients from 11 Asian countries/regions (2007-2017) included in the prospective Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) Register.

Prevalence, burden, and clinical management of migraine in China, Japan, and South Korea: a comprehensive review of the literature.

Background: The objective of this review was to determine the unmet needs for migraine in East Asian adults and children.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE (January 1, 1988 to January 14, 2019). Studies reporting the prevalence, humanistic and economic burden, and clinical management of migraine in China (including Hong Kong and Taiwan), Japan, and South Korea were included.

Real-world treatment patterns and patient-reported outcomes in episodic and chronic migraine in Japan: analysis of data from the Adelphi migraine disease specific programme.

Background: In Japan, detailed information on the characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns of people living with migraine is limited. The aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns in people with episodic migraine (EM) or chronic migraine (CM) using real-world data from clinical practice in Japan.

Methods: This was an analysis of data collected in 2014 by the Adelphi Migraine Disease Specific Programme, a cross-sectional survey of physicians and their consulting adult patients in Japan, using physician and patient questionnaires.

Fasting experience of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus on insulin therapy during Ramadan: VISION Ramadan substudy.

Aims: To describe the characteristics and fasting experience of a subgroup of patients in the VISION study who initiated insulin therapy and chose to fast during Ramadan, and to discuss the VISION Ramadan substudy data in the context of previous Ramadan studies.

Methods: The VISION study was a prospective, non-interventional, observational study of adult patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in 6 countries in the Western Pacific, Middle East and North Africa, receiving insulin injection therapy for the first time. In this VISION Ramadan substudy, fasting data was collected during Ramadan 2014 and 2015.

Patterns and trends in insulin initiation and intensification among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Middle East and North Africa region.

Aim: Current and future estimates of the burden of diabetes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are among the highest in the world. VISION, an 18-month observational study, explored patterns of insulin initiation and intensification in T2DM patients in the MENA region.

Methods: 1192 patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled from Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the UAE.

Patterns and trends in insulin initiation and intensification among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Western Pacific region.

Objective: Current and future estimates of the burden of diabetes for the Western Pacific (WP) region are among the highest in the world. Verifying Insulin Strategy and Initial Health Outcome Analysis (VISION) was an 18 month observational study that explored treatment approaches in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) initiating insulin in the WP region.

Methods: A total of 1065 patients aged ≥18 years with T2DM initiating insulin therapy in normal clinical course were enrolled from Hong Kong, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand.

Estimating the response and economic burden of rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in Taiwan using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

Background: Previous studies in Taiwan utilizing the Taiwan's National Health Insurance Database (NHIRD) have estimated the direct healthcare costs of RA patients, but they have not focused on patients on bDMARDs, or considered patients' response to therapy.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the rate of inadequate response for patients newly treated with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) as well as their costs and resource use.

Methods: Data were from the catastrophic illness file within the NHIRD from 1/1/2009 to 12/31/2013.

Comparison of clinical outcomes with orodispersible versus standard oral olanzapine tablets in nonadherent patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

Purpose: Medication nonadherence is common in the treatment of patients with severe mental illness and is a frequent cause of relapse. Different formulations have been developed in an effort to improve medication adherence. The aim of this study was to explore whether there are differential clinical outcomes between two different formulations of olanzapine (orodispersible tablets [ODTs] vs standard oral tablets [SOT]) for the treatment of nonadherent patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

The Use of patient Reported Outcome Measures for Rheumatoid Arthritis in Japan: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) obtained through routine medical care may identify patients' day-to-day burden and help tackle the disease from the patients' perspective. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the availability of PRO data and PRO tools for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Japan.

Objective: We reviewed the literature on PRO data availability and to identify PRO measures implemented in Japan for RA patients.

Real-world Effectiveness of Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Negative Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia with Predominantly Negative Symptoms.

This study assessed the comparative effectiveness of antipsychotics in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia presenting with prominent negative symptoms and no-to-mild positive symptoms. Data were taken from a 3-year prospective, international, observational study (n=17 384). This post-hoc study focused on 3 712 patients who started antipsychotic monotherapy and had moderate-to-severe negative symptoms and no-to-mild positive symptoms (Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale [GGI-SCH]).

Sex differences in the course of schizophrenia across diverse regions of the world.

This study explores sex differences in the outcomes of patients with schizophrenia (clinical/functional remission and recovery) across diverse regions of the world (Northern Europe, Southern Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, East Asia, and North Africa and the Middle East). Data (n=16,380 for this post hoc analysis) were taken from the World-Schizophrenia Health Outcomes Study. In most regions, females had a later age at first service contact for schizophrenia, a lower level of overall/negative symptom severity, lower rates of alcohol/substance abuse and paid employment, and higher percentages of having a spouse/partner and independent living.

Lost in transition: A review of the unmet need of patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder transitioning to adulthood.

This review discusses the unmet needs of patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who are transitioning into adulthood. Although awareness and recognition of ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults have improved in recent years, there is often an interruption in management of the disorder when adolescent patients transition to adult health care services. This review has the following objectives: (1) to identify key issues patients with ADHD (with or without an early diagnosis) face during transition into adulthood; (2) to review the current clinical practice and country-specific approaches to the management of the transition into adulthood for patients with ADHD; (3) to discuss challenges facing clinicians and their patients when drug treatment for ADHD is initiated; (4) to review current ADHD guidelines on transition management in Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Turkey, and Africa; and (5) to examine economic consequences associated with ADHD.

The Safety of Atomoxetine for the Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comprehensive Review of Over a Decade of Research.

Atomoxetine is a noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor prescribed for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that first gained approval in the USA in 2002 and has been authorized in 97 countries worldwide. The aim of this paper is to comprehensively review publications that addressed one or more of seven major safety topics relevant to atomoxetine treatment of children and adolescents (aged ≥6 years) diagnosed with ADHD. While the review focuses on children and adolescents, publications in which data from patients aged >18 years and from 6 to 18 years were analyzed in the same dataset were included.