A study of kudurs used by wild animals located on the water sources high in REE content in the Caucasus Nature Reserve.

One of the theories explaining the reasons for geophagy, which was proposed earlier by the authors of the article, consists in the assumption that animals need rare-earth elements (REE). In order to test this hypothesis, we studied the chemical composition of spring waters in the territory of the Caucasus Nature Reserve at three kudurs along the Achipsta River, as well as at the Mamaevsky kudur (southwestern slope of the Pshekish mountain). At the Mamaevsky kudur, we also studied the chemical composition of earth consumed by animals, and the species, age and gender composition, seasonal and daily activity of ungulate animals-visitors of the kudur.

[Variants of surgical treatment of cholecystitis].

Basing on analysis of the treatment results of 375 patients with cholecystitis the indications for application of broad laparotomy, variable laparotomy, mini access, endotracheal narcosis and epidural anesthesia are substantiation.