Continuation Rates of the Etonogestrel Implant and Factors Associated With Early Discontinuation.

Background: The etonogestrel implant is generally considered an effective, three-year, long-acting reversible contraceptive device. Previous research, such as the landmark CHOICE study, has reported a one-year continuation rate of 72% to 84%, however, in a real-world setting these rates may be significantly lower.

Objective: To study etonogestrel implant continuation rates and factors associated with early discontinuation in a specific clinical setting.

Repeated lipopolysaccharide exposure leads to placental endotoxin tolerance.

Problem: Placental infection induces increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pre-term labor. Endotoxin tolerance is a phenomenon in which exposure to a dose of endotoxin makes tissue less responsive to subsequent exposures. The objective of our study was to determine whether repeated exposure to endotoxin will induce a tolerant phenotype in normal human second-trimester placental tissue.

Massive retroperitoneal cyst during pregnancy: case report managed conservatively by percutaneous aspiration and review of literature.

Retroperitoneal cyst is an extremely rare complication of pregnancy. The management of this rare clinical entity is not well understood. An 18-year-old primigravid woman at 11 weeks of gestation with twins presented with complaints of severe nausea and vomiting.