The RWP-RK factor GROUNDED promotes embryonic polarity by facilitating YODA MAP kinase signaling.

Background: The division of plant zygotes is typically asymmetric, generating daughter cells with different developmental fates. In Arabidopsis, the apical daughter cell produces the proembryo, whereas the basal daughter cell forms the mostly extraembryonic suspensor. Establishment of apical and basal fates is known to depend on the YODA (YDA) mitogen-associated protein (MAP) kinase cascade and WUSCHEL-LIKE HOMEOBOX (WOX) homeodomain transcription factors.

Luteinizing hormone-induced up-regulation of ErbB-2 is insufficient stimulant of growth and invasion in ovarian cancer cells.

The effects of luteinizing hormone (LH), a gonadotropic hormone implicated in the development of ovarian cancer, are mediated by specific binding to its G protein-coupled receptor, the LH receptor (LHR). Activated LHR initiates second messenger responses, including cyclic AMP (cAMP) and inositol phosphate. Because cAMP increases expression of ErbB-2, a receptor tyrosine kinase whose overexpression in cancers correlates with poor survival, we hypothesized that LH may regulate ErbB-2 expression.