Experience Gained from the Development and Execution of a Multidisciplinary Multi-syndrome Hereditary Colon Cancer Family Conference.

Genetic healthcare professionals provide genetic cancer risk assessment and follow-up care for patients facing hereditary cancers. To meet the needs of those affected by hereditary colorectal cancer, City of Hope and the Hereditary Colon Cancer Foundation collaborated to develop a "Family Day" conference. We describe the development of our conference based upon the Hereditary Colon Cancer Foundation's "Family Day" program model, with refinements completed using the Participatory Action Research theoretical framework, which incorporated input from conference participants and researchers.

Gas-phase uranyl, neptunyl, and plutonyl: hydration and oxidation studied by experiment and theory.

The following monopositive actinyl ions were produced by electrospray ionization of aqueous solutions of An(VI)O(2)(ClO(4))(2) (An = U, Np, Pu): U(V)O(2)(+), Np(V)O(2)(+), Pu(V)O(2)(+), U(VI)O(2)(OH)(+), and Pu(VI)O(2)(OH)(+); abundances of the actinyl ions reflect the relative stabilities of the An(VI) and An(V) oxidation states. Gas-phase reactions with water in an ion trap revealed that water addition terminates at AnO(2)(+)·(H(2)O)(4) (An = U, Np, Pu) and AnO(2)(OH)(+)·(H(2)O)(3) (An = U, Pu), each with four equatorial ligands. These terminal hydrates evidently correspond to the maximum inner-sphere water coordination in the gas phase, as substantiated by density functional theory (DFT) computations of the hydrate structures and energetics.

Understanding fluxes as media for directed synthesis: in situ local structure of molten potassium polysulfides.

Rational exploratory synthesis of new materials requires routes to discover novel phases and systematic methods to tailor their structures and properties. Synthetic reactions in molten fluxes have proven to be an excellent route to new inorganic materials because they promote diffusion and can serve as an additional reactant, but little is known about the mechanisms of compound formation, crystal precipitation, or behavior of fluxes themselves at conditions relevant to synthesis. In this study we examine the properties of a salt flux system that has proven extremely fertile for growth of new materials: the potassium polysulfides spanning K(2)S(3) and K(2)S(5), which melt between 302 and 206 °C.

Electron transfer dissociation of dipositive uranyl and plutonyl coordination complexes.

Reported here is a comparison of electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and collision-induced dissociation (CID) of solvent-coordinated dipositive uranyl and plutonyl ions generated by electrospray ionization. Fundamental differences between the ETD and CID processes are apparent, as are differences between the intrinsic chemistries of uranyl and plutonyl. Reduction of both charge and oxidation state, which is inherent in ETD activation of [An(VI) O(2) (CH(3) COCH(3) )(4) ](2+) , [An(VI) O(2) (CH(3) CN)(4) ](2) , [U(VI) O(2) (CH(3) COCH(3) )(5) ](2+) and [U(VI) O(2) (CH(3) CN)(5) ](2+) (An = U or Pu), is accompanied by ligand loss.

Periodic trends in actinide phosphonates: divergence and convergence between thorium, uranium, neptunium, and plutonium systems.

The hydrothermal reactions of both PuO(2)(2+) and PuO(2) with phosphonates results in the formation of Pu(IV) phosphonates. Pu(CH(3)PO(3))(2), Pu[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O), and UO(2)Pu(H(2)O)(2)[CH(2)(PO(3))(PO(3)H)](2) have been isolated from these reactions and structurally characterized. Pu(CH(3)PO(3))(2) contains six-coordinate Pu(IV) and adopts a structure closely related to that of alpha-Zr(HPO(4))(2).

Further examples of the failure of surrogates to properly model the structural and hydrothermal chemistry of transuranium elements: insights provided by uranium and neptunium diphosphonates.

In situ hydrothermal reduction of Np(VI) to Np(IV) in the presence of methylenediphosphonic acid (C1P2) results in the crystallization of Np[CH2(PO3)2](H2O)2 (NpC1P2-1). Similar reactions have been explored with U(VI) resulting in the isolation of the U(IV) diphosphonate U[CH2(PO3)2](H2O) (UC1P2-1), and the two U(VI) diphosphonates (UO2)2[CH2(PO3)2](H2O)3.H2O (UC1P2-2) and UO2[CH2(PO3H)2](H2O) (UC1P2-3).

Novel dinuclear uranyl complexes with asymmetric schiff base ligands: synthesis, structural characterization, reactivity, and extraction studies.

The reaction of uranyl nitrate with asymmetric [3O, N] Schiff base ligands in the presence of base yields dinuclear uranyl complexes, [UO2(HL1)]2.DMF (1), [UO2(HL2)]2.2DMF.

Why does Kevlar decompose, while Nomex does not, when treated with aqueous chlorine solutions?

Kevlar and Nomex are high-performance polymers which have wide varieties of applications in daily life. Recently, they have been proposed to be biocidal materials when reacted with household bleach (sodium hypochlorite solution) because they contain amide moieties which can be chlorinated to generate biocidal N-halamine functional groups. Although Nomex can be chlorinated without any significant decomposition, Kevlar decomposes under the same chlorination conditions.

Critical role of water content in the formation and reactivity of uranium, neptunium, and plutonium iodates under hydrothermal conditions: implications for the oxidative dissolution of spent nuclear fuel.

The reactions of 237NpO2 with excess iodate under acidic hydrothermal conditions result in the isolation of the neptunium(IV), neptunium(V), and neptunium(VI) iodates, Np(IO3)4, Np(IO3)4.nH2O.nHIO3, NpO2(IO3), NpO2(IO3)2(H2O), and NpO2(IO3)2.

Structural polarity induced by cooperative hydrogen bonding and lone-pair alignment in the molecular uranyl iodate Na2[UO2(IO3)4(H2O)].

Na2[UO2(IO3)4(H2O)] has been synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions. Its structure consists of Na+ cations and [UO2(IO3)4(H2O)](2-) anions. The [UO2(IO3)4(H2O)](2-) anions are formed from the coordination of a nearly linear uranyl, UO2(2+), cation by four monodentate IO(3-) anions and a coordinating water molecule to yield a pentagonal bipyramidal environment around the uranium center.