Prehospital Chest Pain Management: Disparity Based on Homeless Status.

Background: People experiencing homelessness may use emergency medical services to access health care. We sought to examine the relationship between homelessness and prehospital evaluation and treatment of chest pain.

Methods: We obtained 2019 data of all emergency medical services activations from a single 9-1-1 provider in San Francisco, California with a clinician's primary impression of chest pain.

Disparities in Emergency Medical Services Care Delivery in the United States: A Scoping Review.

Background: Emergency medical services (EMS) often serve as the first medical contact for ill or injured patients, representing a critical access point to the health care delivery continuum. While a growing body of literature suggests inequities in care within hospitals and emergency departments, limited research has comprehensively explored disparities related to patient demographic characteristics in prehospital care.

Objective: We aimed to summarize the existing literature on disparities in prehospital care delivery for patients identifying as members of an underrepresented race, ethnicity, sex, gender, or sexual orientation group.

Design and Performance of the ICON EUV Spectrograph.

We present the design, implementation, and on-ground performance measurements of the Ionospheric Connection Explorer EUV spectrometer, a wide field (17° x 12°) extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imaging spectrograph designed to observe the lower ionosphere at tangent altitudes between 100 and 500 km. The primary targets of the spectrometer, which has a spectral range of 54-88 nm, are the Oil emission lines at 61.6 nm and 83.

An Updated Scheme for Categorizing Foods Implicated in Foodborne Disease Outbreaks: A Tri-Agency Collaboration.

Background: Foodborne disease data collected during outbreak investigations are used to estimate the percentage of foodborne illnesses attributable to specific food categories. Current food categories do not reflect whether or how the food has been processed and exclude many multiple-ingredient foods.

Materials And Methods: Representatives from three federal agencies worked collaboratively in the Interagency Food Safety Analytics Collaboration (IFSAC) to develop a hierarchical scheme for categorizing foods implicated in outbreaks, which accounts for the type of processing and provides more specific food categories for regulatory purposes.

Comparing Characteristics of Sporadic and Outbreak-Associated Foodborne Illnesses, United States, 2004-2011.

Outbreak data have been used to estimate the proportion of illnesses attributable to different foods. Applying outbreak-based attribution estimates to nonoutbreak foodborne illnesses requires an assumption of similar exposure pathways for outbreak and sporadic illnesses. This assumption cannot be tested, but other comparisons can assess its veracity.

131I ablation treatment in young females after the Chernobyl accident.

Unlabelled: The Chernobyl accident resulted in a number of cases of thyroid cancer in females under the age of 20 y. Many of these individuals were treated with surgical removal of the thyroid gland followed by 131I ablation of residual thyroid tissue. Epidemiologic evidence demonstrates that 131I treatment for thyroid cancer or hyperthyroidism in adult women confers negligible risk of breast cancer.

A linear model for managing the risk of antimicrobial resistance originating in food animals.

A linear population risk model used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) estimates the risk of human cases of campylobacteriosis caused by fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter.

Using multimedia modeling to expedite site characterization.

Goal, Scope And Background: This paper uses two case studies of U.S. Department of Energy nuclear weapons complex installations to illustrate the integration of expedited site characterization (ESC) and multimedia modeling in the remedial action decision making process.

The genomic revolution: what does it mean for human and ecological risk assessment?

The first sequencing of a complete organism genome occurred in 1995. Since then there has been an explosion of information, with a new organism being sequenced nearly every week. This rapid development of genomics is providing unparalleled opportunities in toxicology, ecology, and risk assessment.

The use of non-tumor data in cancer risk assessment: reflections on butadiene, vinyl chloride, and benzene.

The estimation and characterization of a cancer risk is grounded in the observation of tumors in humans and/or experimental animals. Increasingly, however, other kinds of data (non-tumor data) are finding application in cancer risk assessment. Metabolism and kinetics, adduct formation, genetic damage, mode of action, and biomarkers of exposure, susceptibility, and effects are examples.