Agency Penalties From Taking Parental Leave for Women in Men-Dominated Occupations: Archival and Experimental Evidence.

Organizations have started more progressively using and offering family benefits including parental leaves to address the issues of balancing work and family life. Although such leaves are fundamental for supporting, attracting, and retaining women, we examine whether such leaves may also inadvertently affect women's careers in occupations that overly value masculine traits, unless managed carefully. Drawing on the literature on gender stereotypes (micro factors) and occupation gender type (macro factors), we argue that longer (vs.

The unintended consequences of maternity leaves: How agency interventions mitigate the negative effects of longer legislated maternity leaves.

To support women in the workplace, longer legislated maternity leaves have been encouraged in Scandinavian countries and recently in Canada. Yet, past research shows that longer legislated maternity leaves (i.e.

Safety of an artificial iris in a phakic eye.

This case report describes the one-year results of the implantation of a sectorial and foldable artificial iris in a phakic eye. To our knowledge, this is the first such report with a follow-up of 1 year. No perioperative or postoperative complications were seen.

Backscattered light from the cornea before and after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for myopia.

Purpose: To study corneal backscatter changes after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) and to search for correlations between the changes in forward and backward corneal light scatter.

Setting: Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.

Design: Prospective interventional case series.

Straylight before and after LASEK in myopia: changes in retinal straylight.

Purpose: To quantify the changes in retinal straylight that occur after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK).

Methods: This prospective study included 86 eyes of 49 patients who were scheduled for LASEK surgery. Patients were divided into groups based on their preoperative contact lens wear habits: rigid lenses (RCL), soft lenses (SCL), spectacles after a period of contact lenses (SaC), and spectacles only (Specs).

[Treatment for combined hypermetropia and presbyopia with a gaussian broad beam Excimer Laser].

Aim: To analyze the performances of the Inpro-Gauss Excimer laser in the treatment of hyperopia and combined hypermetropia-presbyopia.

Methods: The hypermetropic treatment consisted in making 12 confluent ablation spots of 3.3+/-0.

Effect of refractive surgery on binocular vision and ocular alignment in patients with manifest or intermittent strabismus.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of refractive surgery on binocular vision and ocular alignment in patients with manifest or intermittent strabismus, with or without vertical component.

Setting: University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.

Patients And Methods: 13 patients (22 eyes) with strabismus underwent refractive surgery.

Gaussian broad-beam excimer laser: clinical and experimental results.

Purpose: To evaluate the mid-term (1-3 years) results of the Gaussian broad-beam excimer laser Delivery System (DS) after single treatment for the correction of myopia. To study the corneal surface with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after excimer laser ablation using a flying spot delivery system (Bausch & Lomb) and a Gaussian Delivery System (GDS) (InPro).

Methods: The 1035 consecutive eyes studied were split in four groups with respect to the treated myopia, expressed in spherical equivalent: low myopia up to -3.

LASIK and arcuate incisions for the treatment of post-penetrating keratoplasty anisometropia and/or astigmatism.

Purpose: To study the efficacy of Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) and Arcuate Keratotomy (AK) for the treatment of anisometropia and/or astigmatism after Penetrating Keratoplasty (PKP) in an attempt to optimize binocular vision.

Material And Methods: Correction of post-PKP anisometropia and/or astigmatism was considered only when stable refraction was achieved for at least 6 months. Four eyes were treated for anisometropia and astigmatism using the LASIK technique (IN-PRO Gauss Excimer Laser and SKBM Microkeratome).

Lasek for myopia: first results.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) for the treatment of myopia and astigmatism (low, moderate and high).

Material And Methods: Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy was performed by 3 surgeons in 45 eyes using an INPRO Gauss Excimer laser (31 eyes) or a NIDEK EC-5000 Excimer Laser (14 eyes). The mean follow-up is 9 months (3-15 months).

[PRK with InPro-Gauss excimer laser: statistical analysis of results].

Purpose: To analyse retrospectively the pre- and postoperative refraction and visual acuity according to Standard Graphs proposed by Waring for refractive surgery.

Methods: Ninety-three eyes with myopia ranging from -1.50 to -8 diopters (D) and/or with astigmatism ranging from 0.

[Medical treatment in laser (PRK) photoretractive keratotomy].

The need of medical treatment after photorefractive surgery has been studied by reviewing the literature on the subject and comparing their conclusions with our clinical experience. Considering the pre-operative and immediate post-operative medical treatment, there is a large consensus since the aim is treatment of pain and prevention of superinfection. The post-operative considerations for medical treatment are more controversial and can be considered as to be useful or possibly useful.

[Treatment of hypermetropia using the Holmium laser--laser thermokeratoplasty (LTK)].

The results of two year follow-up after Holmium LTK are presented. The choice of the technique was justified based on experimental, technical and anatomo-pathological data as well as on the property of the corneal collagen fibers to shrink at a temperature of 60-70 degrees C. Although the immediate results were encouraging, we found an important regression after two years follow-up, resulting in a final correction of maximally 1.

[Explantation of the intercapsular lens. Apropos of 3 cases].

Intercapsular implantation ("in the bag") is considered by many surgeons as the best procedure and location for a lens implant. We describe 3 cases where an intercapsular lens had to be removed because of decentration. The removal of such a lens is a difficult procedure because of the adherence of the haptics between the anterior and posterior capsule and in most of the cases these had to be cut and left in place.

A new universal electrode for ERG recording.

The authors introduce a contact lens for flash and various pattern ERG's. The main properties are: annular shape, blepharostatic effect, central opening. The electrode is well tolerated and sterilisable.

A clinical and electrophysiological study of a family with hereditary optic neuropathy.

A family with hereditary optic neuropathy was investigated. Visual acuity, Goldmann perimetry, colour vision test, fundoscopy and electrophysiological examination (flash and pattern ERG and VER) were performed. The pattern of inheritance and the results of all these tests are discussed in this article.