Navigating cultural and gender aspects of stigma among women living with HIV in Vietnam.

Women living with HIV often face intersecting challenges of stigma and gender inequality. In Vietnam, this issue is potentially exacerbated by the patriarchal culture. From December 2021 to March 2022, we conducted in-depth interviews with 30 women living with HIV in Hanoi to better understand their experiences and the coping mechanisms to navigate HIV stigma, cultural beliefs and gender norms.

School climate, attitude toward school violence, and violent behaviors among high school students in Vietnam.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between Vietnamese high school students' violent behaviors and their violence exposure (observing and being victimized by school violence), and attitude, and perceived school climate. The results from 496 Vietnamese high school students show that students' acceptance of school violence and their experience of being the victim of school violence have a significant, and direct, positive effect on their violent behaviors at school. In the moderation model, when students' perception of school climate is more positive, the effect of their acceptance of violence on their violent behaviors at school reduces, implying the moderating effect of school climate.

'Here, we describe them as forgetful, confused, and absent-minded': dementia knowledge, stigma, and care plan among Vietnamese adults in rural area.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate dementia knowledge, dementia stigma, and self-rated importance of dementia plan, and their associated factors among Vietnamese adults in rural Vietnam.

Methods: A total of 325 participants completed the survey. The first section presented two vignettes and related open-ended questions.

Feasibility, acceptability, and bacterial recovery for community-based sample collection to estimate antibiotic resistance in commensal gut and upper respiratory tract bacteria.

Vietnam has high rates of antibiotic use and resistance. Measuring resistance in commensal bacteria could provide an objective indicator for evaluating the impact of interventions to reduce antibiotic use and resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and bacterial recovery for different sampling strategies.

Coping styles among Vietnamese people with infertility diagnosis: does type of infertility-related stress really matter?

Objectives: The present study aims to investigate whether each coping style used by Vietnamese people living with infertility diagnosis is associated with specific types of infertility-related stress (IRS).

Methods: In this cross-sectional design study, 997 patients with primary infertility diagnosis from three hospitals and two clinics in three regions of Vietnam completed questionnaire that consisted of Fertility Problem Inventory, the Copenhagen Multi-Centre Psychosocial Infertility and other questions. Four different linear regression analyses were performed on four coping styles.

Understanding Vietnam's drug policy for amphetamine-type stimulants misuse.

Introduction: The emergence of widespread amphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) usage has created significant challenges for drug control and treatment policies in Southeast Asian countries. This study analyses the development of drug policies and examines current treatment program constraints in Vietnam to deal with ATS misuse. The aim was to gain insights that may be useful for national and international drug-related policy development and revision.

Drug Harm Reduction in Vietnam: A Review of Stakeholders' Perspectives and Implications for Future Interventions.

To determine how harm reduction should be applied in low-resource countries such as Vietnam by exploring the perspectives of people who use drugs (PWUD), health care professionals, and policymakers regarding methadone treatment and harm reduction strategies. We conducted 2 qualitative studies in Vietnam between 2016 and 2021. We interviewed 62 PWUD and 22 experts in drug policy development and drug treatment programs, conducted observations at methadone clinics and harm reduction program meetings, and analyzed drug policy documents.

How has the COVID-19 epidemic affected the risk behaviors of people who inject drugs in a city with high harm reduction service coverage in Vietnam? A qualitative investigation.

Introduction: The COVID-19 outbreak disproportionally affects vulnerable populations including people who inject drugs (PWID). Social distancing and stay-at-home orders might result in a lack of access to medical and social services, poorer mental health, and financial precariousness, and thus, increases in HIV and HCV risk behaviors. This article explores how the HIV/HCV risk behaviors of PWID in Haiphong, a city with high harm reduction service coverage in Vietnam, changed during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, and what shaped such changes, using the risk environment framework.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 Subclone, Vietnam, 2019-2020.

Among 114 clinical Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates collected in Vietnam during 2019-2020, we detected 15 of subclone sequence type 13871 of the FC428 clonal complex. Fourteen sequence type 13871 isolates with mosaic penA allele 60.001 were ceftriaxone or cefixime nonsusceptible, and 3/14 were azithromycin nonsusceptible.

Raman Scattering Studies of the Structural Phase Transitions in Single-Crystalline CHNHPbCl.

Methylammonium lead trihalide perovskites CHNHPbX (X = Cl, Br, and I) have recently attracted huge attention as a promising candidate for highly efficient solar cell absorber materials. To understand the physical properties of halide perovskites, we investigated the CHNHPbCl single crystal by Raman scattering spectroscopy from 80 K to room temperature. Benchmarking the phonon modes and their Raman activities obtained by density functional calculations, we successfully assign the molecular vibrations of methylammonium in the frequency range from 400 to 3300 cm.

Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery for Rheumatic Valve Disease.

Background: The development of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery has created the motivation for using this approach in young patients with chronic rheumatic valve disease. We report our recent experience with patients undergoing minimally mitral valve surgery in this group of patients.

Methods: Between July 2014 and June 2018, 142 patients with rheumatic mitral valve dysfunction underwent minimally invasive surgery through a right thoracotomy approach at the University Medical Center of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam.

Socioeconomic Inequalities in the HIV Testing during Antenatal Care in Vietnamese Women.

Although HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) testing for all women has been promoted by Vietnam's Ministry of Health since 2000, test acceptance rates in this country were reported to be less than 30% in the community. This country has been facing the barriers to approach the national services towards transmission prevention from mother to child including HIV testing during antenatal care (ANC) towards mothers. Here, we aim to assess the socioeconomic inequalities in HIV testing during ANC among Vietnamese women.

Methylation Profiles of BRCA1, RASSF1A and GSTP1 in Vietnamese Women with Breast Cancer.

Objective: This study investigated the DNA promoter methylation profiles of BRCA1, RASSF1A and GSTP1 genes, both individually and in an integrative manner in order to clarify their correlation with clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer from Vietnamese patients, and establish new potential integrative methylation biomarkers for breast cancer detection. Material and methods: The methylation frequencies of BRCA1, RASSF1A and GSTP1 were analyzed by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) in 70 specimens of breast carcinomas and 79 pairs of tumor and matched adjacent normal tissues from breast cancer patients. Results: All the three analyzed genes showed a concordance concerning their promoter methylation in tumor and adjacent normal tissue.

A single amino acid substitution in the NS4B protein of Dengue virus confers enhanced virus growth and fitness in human cells in vitro through IFN-dependent host response.

Dengue virus (DENV) replication between mosquito and human hosts is hypothesized to be associated with viral determinants that interact in a differential manner between hosts. However, the understanding of inter-host viral determinants that drive DENV replication and growth between hosts is limited. Through the use of clinical isolates, we identified an amino acid variation of Ala, Met and Val at position 116 of DENV-1 NS4B.

Analysis of Common β-Thalassemia Mutations in North Vietnam.

Available and flexible choice of methods for screening and detecting β-thalassemia (β-thal) can promote control of thalassemia in developing countries. In this study, two methods, the amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and reverse dot-blot hybridization assays were developed to detect common β-thal mutations in 244 thalassemia patients and 152 healthy people in North Vietnam. The most common mutation was codon 26 (G>A), also known as Hb E (HBB: c.

Postpartum change in common mental disorders among rural Vietnamese women: incidence, recovery and risk and protective factors.

Background: In low- and middle-income countries little is known about changes in women's mental health status from the perinatal period to 15 months postpartum or the factors associated with different trajectories.

Aims: To determine the incidence and rates of recovery from common mental disorders (CMD) among rural Vietnamese women and the risk and protective factors associated with these outcomes from the perinatal period to 15 months after giving birth.

Method: In a population-based prospective study, a systematically recruited cohort of women completed baseline assessments in either the last trimester of pregnancy or 4-6 weeks after giving birth and were followed up 15 months later.

Perinatal common mental disorders among women and the social and emotional development of their infants in rural Vietnam.

Background: Little is known about the effect of common mental disorders (CMD) among women in the perinatal period on infant development in low-income countries. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of exposures to maternal symptoms of ante- and post-natal CMD on infant social-emotional development in a low-income setting.

Methods: A prospective community-based investigation in which a cohort of pregnant women was recruited in rural northern Vietnam and followed until 6 months postpartum.

Intimate partner violence and perinatal common mental disorders among women in rural Vietnam.

Introduction: Intimate partner violence against women (IPV) is regarded increasingly as a public health problem worldwide. The overall aim of this study was to examine the associations between different exposures to IPV and women's mental health during pregnancy and after childbirth in rural Vietnam.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data generated in a community-based longitudinal investigation in which a cohort of pregnant women were recruited and followed until 6 months after childbirth.

Common perinatal mental disorders and alcohol dependence in men in northern Viet Nam.

Background: To establish the prevalence and correlates of the perinatal common mental disorders of depression and anxiety (PCMD) and alcohol dependence (AD) in men in northern Viet Nam.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of men whose wives were >28weeks pregnant or mothers of newborns recruited from randomly-selected rural and urban communes. Data sources were Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM IV; CAGE assessment of alcohol use and study-specific questionnaires.