Synthesis of magnetic activated carbons derived from Artocarpus heterophyllus peel with different magnetization methods: comparative characterizations and hexavalent chromium adsorption study.

Magnetic activated carbon has been proved its separation ability to overcome a main drawback of activated carbon powder. However, effect of magnetization method on characterizations and Chromium (VI) adsorption of this adsorbent from Artocarpus Heterophyllus Peel (jackfruit peel) has not been investigated yet. This study magnetized jackfruit peel activated carbon using thermochemical and co-precipitation methods.

Health-related quality of life of people with depression: pre-post intervention compared with age-matched general population in Vietnam.

Background: In Vietnam, there is a paucity of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) research on people with depression as well as a lack of evidence on supported self-management (SSM) intervention for depression on HRQoL. This study aimed to compare the HRQoL of people with depression and age-matched people in the Vietnamese population, evaluate the effects of Tele-SSM intervention on HRQoL, and examine the association between the changes in HRQoL score and mental health well-being (depression, anxiety, and stress).

Methods: This study was a pre- and post-study involving Vietnamese adults aged 18-64 who had depression symptoms (score ≥ 5 points in the PHQ-9).

Clinicopathological and molecular differences between stage IV screen-detected and interval colorectal cancers in the Flemish screening program.

Introduction: Interval cancer (IC) is an important quality indicator in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Previously, we found that fecal immunochemical test (FIT) ICs are more common in women, older age, right-sided tumors, and advanced stage. Here, we extended our existing stage IV patient cohort with clinicopathological and molecular characteristics, to identify factors associated with FIT-IC.

Relationship between health-related determinants and adherence to breast and colorectal cancer screening: a population-based study in Flanders, Belgium.

Background: Despite the recognized benefits of structured cancer screening, tests outside organized screening programs are common. Comprehensive reports on outside program screening in Europe are lacking, but the Flemish breast cancer (BC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs monitor data on non-organized tests prescribed by GPs and specialists.

Methods: Using data at aggregated level, logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between health care utilization and screening coverage in 308 Flemish municipalities during 2015-18.

Point-of-care testing in private pharmacy and drug retail settings: a narrative review.

Background: Point-of-care testing (POCT) using rapid diagnostic tests for infectious disease can potentially guide appropriate use of antimicrobials, reduce antimicrobial resistance, and economise use of healthcare resources. POCT implementation in private retail settings such as pharmacies and drug shops could lessen the burden on public healthcare. We performed a narrative review on studies of POCTs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and explored uptake, impact on treatment, and feasibility of implementation.

Financial toxicity among cancer patients, survivors and their families in the United Kingdom: a scoping review.

Background: The aim of this scoping review was to identify key research gaps and priorities in order to advance policy and practice for people living with cancer in the UK.

Methods: The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines for scoping review. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar on 16 July 2022.

Budget impact analysis of a home-based colorectal cancer screening programme in Malaysia.

Objectives: The 2020-2022 research project 'Colorectal Cancer Screening Intervention for Malaysia' (CRC-SIM) evaluated the implementation of a home-based CRC screening pilot in Segamat District. This budget impact analysis (BIA) assessed the expected changes in health expenditure of the Malaysian Ministry of Health budget in the scenario where the pilot programme was implemented nationwide vs current opportunistic screening.

Design: Budget impact analysis.

The Impact of a Six-Year Existing Screening Programme Using the Faecal Immunochemical Test in Flanders (Belgium) on Colorectal Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Survival: A Population-Based Study.

The faecal immunochemical test (FIT) has been increasingly used for organised colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We assessed the impact of a six-year existing FIT screening programme in Flanders (Belgium) on CRC incidence, mortality and survival. The Flemish CRC screening programme started in 2013, targeting individuals aged 50-74 years.

Cost-effectiveness of clinical breast examination screening programme among HER2-positive breast cancer patients: a modelling study.

Purpose: For many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), breast cancer (BC) screening based on mammography is not a viable option. Clinical breast examination (CBE) may represent a pragmatic and cost-effective alternative. This paper examines the cost-effectiveness of CBE screening programme among a patient group for whom its cost-effectiveness is likely to be least evident (HER2-positive patients) and discuss the wider implications for BC screening in LMICs.

Breast cancer screening practices among Vietnamese women and factors associated with clinical breast examination uptake.

Background: This study examined current breast cancer (BC) screening practices among Vietnamese women and the factors associated with the uptake of clinical breast examination (CBE).

Methods: A total of 508 women aged 30-74 years in Hanoi completed a knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) survey in 2019 including validated measures of breast cancer awareness (Breast-CAM) and health beliefs (Champion's Health Belief Model Scale). Descriptive statistics, χ2, and ANOVA tests were used to analyse KAP responses across groups with different sociodemographic characteristics.

Optimizing the colorectal cancer screening programme using faecal immunochemical test (FIT) in Flanders, Belgium from the "interval cancer" perspective.

Background: Interval cancer (IC) is a critical issue in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We identified factors associated with ICs after faecal immunochemical test (FIT) screening and explored the impact of lowering FIT cut-off or shortening screening interval on FIT-ICs in Flanders.

Methods: FIT participants diagnosed with a CRC during 2013-2018 were included.

Costs of breast cancer treatment incurred by women in Vietnam.

Background: There is a paucity of research on the cost of breast cancer (BC) treatment from the patient's perspective in Vietnam.

Methods: Individual-level data about out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures on use of services were collected from women treated for BC (n = 202) using an online survey and a face-to-face interview at two tertiary hospitals in 2019. Total expenditures on diagnosis and initial BC treatment were presented in terms of the mean, standard deviation, and range for each type of service use.

Health-related quality of life among breast cancer patients compared to cancer survivors and age-matched women in the general population in Vietnam.

Purpose: This study compared the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of breast cancer (BC) patients, survivors, and age-matched women from the general population in Vietnam to address the paucity of HRQoL research and contribute to the robust assessment of BC screening and care in Vietnam.

Methods: The standardised EQ-5D-5L instrument was incorporated in an online survey and a hospital-based face-to-face survey, and together with data from the Vietnam EQ-5D-5L norms study. χ tests assessed EQ-5D health profile associations and a Tobit regression model investigated the association between overall health status (EQ-VAS/utility scores) and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

Predicting mortality in intensive care unit patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Although several models to predict intensive care unit (ICU) mortality are available, their performance decreases in certain subpopulations because specific factors are not included. Moreover, these models often involve complex techniques and are not applicable in low-resource settings. We developed a prediction model and simplified risk score to predict 14-day mortality in ICU patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Population-Based Data Reveal Factors Associated with Organised and Non-Organised Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Important Step towards Improving Coverage.

We investigated factors associated with organised and non-organised colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood tests, based on data from 308 municipalities in Flanders (6.6 million residents, 57% of Belgium) during 2015-2017. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to assess the associations between municipal characteristics and organised and non-organised screening coverages.

Financial toxicity due to breast cancer treatment in low- and middle-income countries: evidence from Vietnam.

Background: This study examined the financial toxicity faced by breast cancer (BC) patients in Vietnam and the factors associated with the risk and degree of that toxicity.

Methods: A total of 309 BC patients/survivors completed an online survey (n=209) or a face-to-face interview (n=100) at two tertiary hospitals. Descriptive statistics and χ tests were used to identify and analyse the forms and degree of financial toxicity faced by BC patients/survivors.

The role of chest radiography in the diagnosis of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in hospitalised Xpert MTB/RIF-negative patients.

The role of chest radiography to diagnose active tuberculosis in symptomatic patients who have a negative Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) test result is unclear. This study aimed to assess the performance of chest radiography and the value of chest radiography findings for a prediction tool to identify cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis among symptomatic, Xpert-negative hospitalised patients. Xpert-negative patients hospitalised between January and July 2019 at Jimma University Medical Center in Ethiopia were assessed by mycobacterial culture and chest radiography.

Effectiveness of clinical breast examination as a 'stand-alone' screening modality: an overview of systematic reviews.

Background: There is uncertainty about the effectiveness of clinical breast examination (CBE) and conflicting recommendations regarding its usefulness as a screening tool for breast cancer. This paper provides an overview of systematic reviews that assessed the effectiveness of CBE as a 'stand-alone' screening modality for breast cancer compared to no screening and focused on its value in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews reporting the effectiveness of CBE published prior to October 29, 2019.

The Combination of Adaptive Convolutional Neural Network and Bag of Visual Words in Automatic Diagnosis of Third Molar Complications on Dental X-Ray Images.

In dental diagnosis, recognizing tooth complications quickly from radiology (e.g., X-rays) takes highly experienced medical professionals.

Experiences of accessing and using breast cancer services in Vietnam: a descriptive qualitative study.

Objectives: To understand, describe and analyse the experiences of women with breast cancer in Vietnam when accessing and using breast cancer services.

Design: Descriptive qualitative study. Women were interviewed about their experiences from the first time they became aware of symptoms or changes to their body through treatment and post-treatment.

Establishing a tobacco control fund in Vietnam: some learnings for other countries.

In response to the need for stable and adequate funding for tobacco control and the shortage of personnel working in the field, the Vietnam Tobacco Control Fund (VNTCF) was established through the Law on Prevention and Control of Tobacco Harms in 2012. In September 2014, VNTCF awarded its first set of grants. Built on the local evidence-based context and needs as well as lessons learnt from other countries, VNTCF adapted best practices with adjustments that fit the country's political, economic and social environment.

Willingness to use and pay for smoking cessation service via text-messaging among Vietnamese adult smokers, 2017.

Objectives: To examine willingness to use (WTU) and willingness to pay (WTP) for smoking cessation service via text-messaging among adult smokers in Vietnam in 2017; and to identify demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with the WTU and WTP.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 602 adult smokers who had intention to quit in the next 12 months was conducted in Vietnam in 2017. Participants were provided with the information about a mobile health (mHealth) smoking cessation service via text-messaging and asked about their willingness to use and pay for it.