Publications by authors named "Tran Minh Dien"

Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are a major cause of neonatal sepsis in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although the World Health Organization (WHO) reports that over 80% of these sepsis deaths could be prevented through improved treatment, the efficacy of the currently recommended first- and second-line treatment regimens for this condition is increasingly affected by high rates of drug resistance. Here we assess three well known antibiotics, fosfomycin, flomoxef and amikacin, in combination as potential antibiotic treatment regimens by investigating the drug resistance and genetic profiles of commonly isolated GNB causing neonatal sepsis in LMICs.

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Although high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been applied widely in medicine, utilising its non-invasive dual ablation and thermal coagulation properties, its application in dentistry has primarily remained in the research phase, predominantly in in vitro studies. Nonetheless, there has been a consistent increase in the number of publications on this subject in recent decades, focusing on areas such as remineralisation of dentine surfaces, removal of smear layers, drug delivery, and microbial elimination. The number of advantages HIFU can offer, such as its non-surgical nature, absence of ionising radiation, lack of residue, and absence of aerosols, is driving this upward trend, indicating the potential for HIFU in clinical dentistry and ongoing efforts towards developing HIFU-based devices for routine dental use.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to identify factors linked to pulmonary hypertension (PH) in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 28 days of life, involving 128 infants from a neonatal intensive care unit in Vietnam.
  • - Out of the infants studied, 29 (22.66%) were diagnosed with PH, and the occurrence of severe BPD was much higher in the PH group (62.07%) compared to those without PH (18.18%).
  • - Two main predictors of PH in these infants were found: the need for invasive mechanical ventilation during the first 28 days and a history of shock, with significant odds ratios supporting these findings.
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An advisory board meeting was held with experts in Vietnam (Hanoi, August 2022), to review the evidence on invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) epidemiology, clinical management, and meningococcal vaccines to reach a consensus on recommendations for meningococcal vaccination in Vietnam. IMD is a severe disease, with the highest burden in infants and children. IMD presents as meningitis and/or meningococcemia and can progress extremely rapidly.

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Article Synopsis
  • The COVID-19 pandemic increased smart device and internet use among adolescents in Hanoi, leading to a study on internet addiction and anxiety levels in this population.
  • Data collected from 5,325 students aged 11-17 showed that around 22.8% faced moderate anxiety and 7.32% faced severe anxiety, with 32.7% showing signs of internet addiction.
  • Significant factors linked to higher anxiety included being female, economic hardship in the family, and exposure to domestic violence, emphasizing the need for supportive measures at home and school to promote healthy internet habits.
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Air pollution poses a threat to children's respiratory health. This study aims to quantify the association between short-term air pollution exposure and respiratory hospital admissions among children in Hanoi, Vietnam, and estimate the population-attributable burden using local data. A case-crossover analysis was conducted based on the individual records where each case is their own control.

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Purpose: Despite improvements in maternal and child health in Vietnam, sustained efforts are required to improve healthcare quality and resolve persistent disparities, highlighting the universal significance of customer satisfaction in healthcare. This study aims to assess patient satisfaction with healthcare services and associated factors at obstetrics-gynecology and pediatric hospitals across different geographical areas in Vietnam.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 among 647 patients or caregivers of hospitalized children at three major obstetrics-gynecology and pediatric hospitals, representing different geographical areas in Northern Vietnam.

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Background: There is limited data on antibiotic treatment in hospitalized neonates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to describe patterns of antibiotic use, pathogens, and clinical outcomes, and to develop a severity score predicting mortality in neonatal sepsis to inform future clinical trial design.

Methods And Findings: Hospitalized infants <60 days with clinical sepsis were enrolled during 2018 to 2020 by 19 sites in 11 countries (mainly Asia and Africa).

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Background: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) disorder that results from defects in the respiratory burst activity in phagocytes, leading to the inability to kill bacterial and fungal microorganisms. CGD patients usually have a high incidence of morbidity such as infections and autoinflammatory diseases and a high mortality rate. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the only definitive cure for patients who suffer from CGD.

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Neonatal invasive candidiasis (NIC) has significant morbidity and mortality. Reports have shown a different profile of those neonates affected with NIC and of fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. isolates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared to high-income countries (HICs).

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Background: Citrin deficiency (CD), a disorder caused by mutations in the SLC25A13 gene, may result in neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis. This study was purposely to explore the mutation spectrum of SLC25A13 gene in Vietnamese CD patients.

Methods: The 292 unrelated CD patients were first screened for four high-frequency mutations by PCR/PCR-RFLP.

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Introduction And Objectives: Studies assessing the health benefits of air pollution reduction in Vietnam are scarce. This study quantified the annual mortality burden due to PM pollution in Vietnam above the World Health Organization recommendation for community health (AQG: 5 μg/m) and the proposed National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality ( 15 μg/m).

Methodology: This study applied a health impact assessment methodology with the hazard risk function for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and lower respiratory infections (LRIs) in the Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM) to calculate attributable deaths, Years of Life lost, and Loss of Life expectancy at birth due to air pollution in the Vietnamese population above 25 years of age in 11 provinces.

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Objective: To compare the performance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with bacterial culture for the diagnosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis (NBM).

Method: The CSF analysis of neonate with confirmed bacterial meningitis was performed with PCR and bacterial culture, and results were compared.

Result: Among 24 neonates, the pathogens Identified included E.

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Objectives: Macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis (MRBP) has been emerging and prevailing in mainland China since 2011. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genotype and macrolide resistance of circulating B. pertussis in East and Southeast Asia using genetic analyses.

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Background: Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy is high and related to the occlusion of the upper airway. The main treatments of OSA in these children is adenotonsillectomy. However, this intervention is an invasive method with a various success rate.

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Background: Wilson disease (WD) is caused by mutations in the copper-transporting P-type adenosine triphosphatase encoded by the gene. In this study, we screened and identified the mutations among unrelated Vietnamese pediatric patients.

Methods: One-hundred-thirteen pediatric patients with clinically diagnosed WD were recruited.

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Rationale: Congenital bile acid synthesis defect (BASD) is a rare disease caused by mutations in the aldo-keto reductase 1D1 gene, which encodes the primary Δ4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase enzyme. Early disease diagnosis is critical for early treatment with bile acid replacement therapy, with an excellent chance for recovery. In contrast, protracted diagnosis and treatment may lead to poor outcomes, including decompensated hepatic cirrhosis, liver transplant, and even death.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers collected and analyzed urine samples from 25 patients suspected of having 5ARD2 and 104 male controls over four years, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to measure steroid metabolites.
  • * The findings indicated that patients with 5ARD2 had a distinctively low ratio of certain steroid metabolites, confirming the diagnosis and suggesting that urine steroid analysis should be considered a first-line test for diagnosing this condition.
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Article Synopsis
  • * A study involving 70 infants diagnosed with NDM at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital found that 78.5% had known mutations, with many experiencing diabetic complications but showing normal development after 5.5 years of insulin treatment.
  • * The research highlights that certain mutations are a common cause of permanent NDM and suggests that genetic screening for these mutations should be part of the diagnosis process for diabetic children in their first year of life.
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Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is a rare and life-threatening disease of the skin and mucosal surfaces. Although gastrointestinal manifestations in adults are potential prognostic factors for disease severity, there are limited data on such cases and their standard management in the pediatric population.

Case Presentation: We herein report the case of an 8-year-old girl with a 1-year history of epilepsy, who presented with bilateral conjunctivitis and progressively widespread bullous, and pruritic eruption based on erythematous skin after administration of carbamazepine.

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Background: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is highly sensitive and is thus the standard method for diagnosing pertussis. Real-time PCR is widely used because of its accuracy and the simplicity of the simultaneous cycle threshold (Ct) value, which represents the copy numbers of the target gene. Little is known of the association of Ct value with pertussis severity in neonates and infants.

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Data on the management and outcomes of acute myocarditis treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) among low- and middle-income countries are limited. This study aimed to determine the short-term outcomes and also identify factors associated with ECMO use among children with acute myocarditis at a tertiary children's hospital in Vietnam. A single-center, retrospective observational study was conducted between January 2016 and February 2021.

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Background: The Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) model is considered a platform for academic medical centers to expand their healthcare workforce capacity to medically underserved populations. It has been known as an effective solution of continuing medical education (CME) for healthcare workers that used a hub-and-spoke model to leverage knowledge from specialists to primary healthcare providers in different regions. In this study, we aim to explore the views of healthcare providers and hospital leaders regarding the feasibility, acceptability, and sustainability of Project ECHO for pediatricians.

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Background: The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a growing problem globally, particularly in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). Previous studies have shown high rates of CRE colonisation among patients at hospitals in LMICs, with increased risk of hospital-acquired infections.

Methods: We isolated carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) from faecal samples collected in 2017 from patients at admission and discharge at a Vietnamese neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

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Background: Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is defined as insulin-requiring persistent hyperglycemia occurring within the first 6 months of life, which can result from mutations in at least 25 different genes. Activating heterozygous mutations in genes encoding either of the subunits of the ATP-sensitive K channel (K channel; or ) of the pancreatic beta cell are the most common cause of permanent NDM and the second most common cause of transient NDM. Patients with NDM caused by K channel mutations are sensitive to sulfonylurea (SU) treatment; therefore, their clinical management can be improved by replacing insulin with oral agents.

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