Jumonji histone demethylases are therapeutic targets in small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant cancer of neuroendocrine (NE) origin. Changes in therapeutic approaches against SCLC have been lacking over the decades. Here, we use preclinical models to identify a new therapeutic vulnerability in SCLC consisting of the targetable Jumonji lysine demethylase (KDM) family.

Alternative Treatments to Pharmacological Therapy in Pediatric Populations With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Scoping Review.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a cognitive and behavioral disorder in which individuals present with inattention and impulsivity, in the pediatric population. With an increase in diagnoses, there is also increasing concern regarding overdiagnosis and overtreatment with medications for ADHD. The objective of this study was to map out and compile the recent literature pertaining to alternative therapies (e.

Qualitative evaluation of artificial intelligence-generated weight management diet plans.

Importance: The transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly via large language models, is increasingly being manifested in healthcare. Dietary interventions are foundational to weight management efforts, but whether AI techniques are presently capable of generating clinically applicable diet plans has not been evaluated.

Objective: Our study sought to evaluate the potential of personalized AI-generated weight-loss diet plans for clinical applications by employing a survey-based assessment conducted by experts in the fields of obesity medicine and clinical nutrition.

Ethanolic extract from fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris HL8 exhibits cytotoxic activities against cancer cells, skin pathogenic yeasts, and postharvest pathogen Penicillium digitatum.

Cordyceps militaris is a well-known medicinal mushroom in Asian countries. This edible fungus has been widely exploited for traditional medicine and functional food production. C.

Molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic degeneration in Cordyceps militaris: insights from transcriptome reanalysis and osmotic stress studies.

Phenotypic degeneration in Cordyceps militaris poses a significant concern for producers, yet the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain elusive. To address this concern, we isolated two strains that differ in their abilities to form fruiting bodies. Our observations revealed that the degenerated strain lost the capacity to develop fruiting bodies, exhibited limited radial expansion, increased spore density, and elevated intracellular glycerol levels.

Antibody Response after a Booster COVID-19 Vaccine Mixing in Vietnam.

Background: The booster vaccine is essential for maintaining the antibody against the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. This study sought to evaluate the antibody response after booster coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and compare the immunogenic by different vaccine combination strategies.

Methods: A cross-sectional study in Hanoi, Vietnam was conducted on 679 adult participants who received two doses of vaccines with any combination of AstraZeneca, Pfizer, and Moderna during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in 2021.

Effects of Spore Ratios on Fruiting Body Formation and Degeneration in the Heterothallic Fungus .

The medicinal mushroom is widely exploited in traditional medicine and nutraceuticals in Asian countries. However, fruiting body production in is facing degeneration through cultivation batches, and the molecular mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear. This study showed that fruiting body formation in three different strains, namely G12, B12, and HQ1, severely declined after three successive culturing generations using the spore isolation method.

Evaluating the Compliance, Efficacy, and Cost of Formulated Vitamins Versus Separate Supplements in Post-bariatric Surgery Patients.

Objective: Micronutrient deficiencies are common complications after bariatric surgery as alterations to the gastrointestinal tract change absorption. Patients are recommended to take supplements including multivitamins, B complex, calcium, vitamin D, and iron after bariatric surgery, and can take these as specifically formulated vitamins for post-bariatric patients or separate vitamin supplements. We investigated the compliance, efficacy, and cost of specifically formulated vitamins for post-bariatric patients in comparison to separate vitamin supplements.

Common Adverse Events from Mixing COVID-19 Vaccine Booster in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: Mixing vaccines was proposed as a solution to tackle supply chain interruptions during the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the safety of mixing COVID-19 vaccines for a booster dose in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted via a telephone-based interview to identify the adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination among 719 participants in Hanoi, Vietnam.

A Case of Abnormal Liver Function Tests in a Patient Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition.

Hepatic dysfunction is prevalent in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), resulting from steatosis, cholestasis, and cholecystitis. Regular assessments and monitoring of TPN patients are essential, even for clinically stable patients on long-term TPN. Furthermore, it is crucial to establish a differential diagnosis for hepatic dysfunction and investigate for other possible causes of elevated liver enzymes and underlying liver conditions.

Injecting drug use increases the risk of death in HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam.

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic remains a major public health issue worldwide. In Vietnam, the HIV epidemic is essentially driven by people who inject drugs (PWID). This study aims to compare mortality and loss to follow-up (LTFU) between PWID and other patients.

Assessment of HIV viral load monitoring in remote settings in Vietnam - comparing people who inject drugs to the other patients.

Introduction: Increasing access to viral load (VL) monitoring is essential to fight HIV epidemics. In remote settings in Vietnam, using dried blood spot (DBS) sampling for specimen collection could improve the situation. Here, people who inject drugs (PWID) represent many newly antiretroviral therapy (ART)-initiated patients.

Shoulder Synovial Chondromatosis in an Adolescent Athlete: A Case Report.

Introduction: Synovial chondromatosis refers to a benign proliferative disease of the synovium. Reports in children are rare and reports involving the pediatric shoulder are even more rare. In this review of the literature and case report, we provide a summary of all published cases in children and a report of a case of shoulder synovial chondromatosis in an adolescent female athlete.

Therapeutic targeting of histone lysine demethylase KDM4B blocks the growth of castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Epigenetics is an emerging mechanism for tumorigenesis. Treatment that targets epigenetic regulators is becoming an attractive strategy for cancer therapy. The role of epigenetic therapy in prostate cancer (PCa) remains elusive.

Accuracy of Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests for the Detection of Significant and Advanced Fibrosis Stages in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Literature Review of the US Studies.

Background: The purpose of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to evaluate the accuracy of noninvasive diagnostic tools in detecting significant or advanced (F2/F3) fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) in the US healthcare context.

Methods: The SLR was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science, with an additional hand search of public domains and citations, in line with the PRISMA statement. The study included US-based original research on diagnostic test sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

Chromosome Numbers and Genome Sizes of All 36 Duckweed Species ().

Usually, chromosome sets (karyotypes) and genome sizes are rather stable for distinct species and therefore of diagnostic value for taxonomy. In combination with (cyto)genomics, both features provide essential cues for genome evolution and phylogenetic relationship studies within and between taxa above the species level. We present for the first time a survey on chromosome counts and genome size measurement for one or more accessions from all 36 duckweed species and discuss the evolutionary impact and peculiarities of both parameters in duckweeds.

Reliability of Current Classification Systems for Periprosthetic Fractures of the Humerus.

Objective: Numerous classification systems exist to evaluate periprosthetic humerus fractures, although most are based on limited patient numbers. The Wright and Cofield system is the most widely used classification system. We sought to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities of this system compared with the Unified Classification System (UCS) using the largest patient sample to date.

Effects of Plant Elicitors on Growth and Gypenosides Biosynthesis in Cell Culture of ().

( (Thunb.) Makino) is used in Northeast and Southeast Asia countries for the treatment of various diseases, including hepatitis, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. saponins (gypenosides) are the major components responsible for the pharmacological activities.

Recurvataside, a new saponin from aerial parts of .

A new glycoside, recurvataside () and six known compounds, quinovic acid (), quinovic acid 28---D-glucopyranosyl ester (), 3---D-glucopyranosylquinovic acid (), 3---D-glucopyranosylquinovic acid 28---D-glucopyranosyl ester (), pomolic acid (), and ursolic acid () were isolated from aerial parts of . The structure of compound was identified from its spectroscopic data and by comparison with the literature. Recurvataside represents the first occurrence of -oleanolic acid saponin bearing two D-glucose units at C-3 and C-28 in nature.

Inhibition of Jumonji demethylases reprograms severe dilated cardiomyopathy and prolongs survival.

Hypertrophic/dilated cardiomyopathy, often a prequel to heart failure, is accompanied by maladaptive transcriptional changes that contribute to arrythmias and contractile misfunction. Transgenic mice constitutively expressing high levels of calcineurin are known to develop extreme heart hypertrophy, which progresses to dilated cardiomyopathy, and to die several weeks after birth. Here, we characterized aberrant transcriptional and epigenetic pathways in this mouse model and established a pharmacological approach to treat established cardiomyopathy.

Radiotherapy Combined with PD-1 Inhibition Increases NK Cell Cytotoxicity towards Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in endemic regions and younger patients is characterized by a prominent lymphomononuclear infiltration. Radiation is the principal therapeutic modality for patients with NPC. Recent data suggest that the efficacy of radiotherapy in various cancers can be augmented when combined with immune checkpoint blockade.

Ectopic expression of GmHP08 enhances resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis toward drought stress.

Ectopic expression of Glycine max two-component system member GmHP08 in Arabidopsis enhanced drought tolerance of transgenic plants, possibly via ABA-dependent pathways. Phosphorelay by two-component system (TCS) is a signal transduction mechanism which has been evolutionarily conserved in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Previous studies have provided lines of evidence on the involvement of TCS genes in plant perception and responses to environmental stimuli.

Worsening proteinuria and renal function after intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor blockade for diabetic proliferative retinopathy.

Systemic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitions can induce worsening hypertension, proteinuria and glomerular diseases of various types. These agents can also be used to treat ophthalmic diseases like proliferative diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, central retinal vein occlusion and age-related macular degeneration. Recently, pharmacokinetic studies confirmed that these agents are absorbed at levels that result in biologically significant suppression of intravascular VEGF levels.