Comparison of nimodipine formulations and administration techniques via enteral feeding tubes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Nimodipine improves outcomes following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and current guidelines suggest that patients with aSAH receive nimodipine for 21 days. Patients with no difficulty swallowing will swallow the whole capsules or tablets; otherwise, nimodipine liquid must be drawn from capsules, tablets need to be crushed, or the commercially available liquid product be used to facilitate administration through an enteral feeding tube (FT). It is not clear whether these techniques are equivalent.

Super-Resolution Imaging of Plant Receptor-Like Kinases Uncovers Their Colocalization and Coordination with Nanometer Resolution.

Plant cell signaling often relies on the cellular organization of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) within membrane nanodomains to enhance signaling specificity and efficiency. Thus, nanometer-scale quantitative analysis of spatial organizations of RLKs could provide new understanding of mechanisms underlying plant responses to environmental stress. Here, we used stochastic optical reconstruction fluorescence microscopy (STORM) to quantify the colocalization of the flagellin-sensitive-2 (FLS2) receptor and the nanodomain marker, remorin, within root hair cells.

Near Infrared Emitting Semiconductor Polymer Dots for Bioimaging and Sensing.

Semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) are rapidly becoming one of the most studied nanoparticles in fluorescence bioimaging and sensing. Their small size, high brightness, and resistance to photobleaching make them one of the most attractive fluorophores for fluorescence imaging and sensing applications. This paper highlights our recent advances in fluorescence bioimaging and sensing with nanoscale luminescent Pdots, specifically the use of organic dyes as dopant molecules to modify the optical properties of Pdots to enable deep red and near infrared fluorescence bioimaging applications and to impart sensitivity of dye doped Pdots towards selected analytes.

Hydroporphyrin-Doped Near-Infrared-Emitting Polymer Dots for Cellular Fluorescence Imaging.

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent semiconductor polymer dots (Pdots) have shown great potential for fluorescence imaging due to their exceptional chemical and photophysical properties. This paper describes the synthesis of NIR-emitting Pdots with great control and tunability of emission peak wavelength. The Pdots were prepared by doping poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(1,4-benzo-(2,1',3)-thiadiazole)] (PFBT), a semiconducting polymer commonly used as a host polymer in luminescent Pdots, with a series of chlorins and bacteriochlorins with varying functional groups.

Reversal of factor Xa inhibitors associated intracranial haemorrhage at a tertiary medical centre.

Prior to the approval of andexanet, there were no FDA-approved reversal agents indicated for the treatment of factor Xa inhibitor (FXaI) associated major bleed. Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) has been widely used off-label for FXaI-associated bleeding. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of andexanet and 4F-PCC for the reversal of FXaI-associated intracranial haemorrhage.

Stress-Related Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study.

Background/objective: Stress-related mucosal bleeding (SRMB) occurs in approximately 2-4% of critically ill patients. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) have a (diffuse) space-occupying lesion, are critically ill, often require mechanical ventilation, and frequently receive anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy after aneurysm embolization, all of which may be risk factors for SRMB. However, no studies have evaluated SRMB in patients with aSAH.

Evaluation of prophylactic antibiotics in penetrating brain injuries at an academic level 1 trauma center.

Objective: Infections from penetrating brain injuries (PBI) lead to higher morbidity and mortality rates. The results of this research will be evaluated to develop institutional guideline for antibiotic prophylaxis in this patient population. The objective was to characterize the prophylactic antibiotic usage for patients presenting with PBI.

Pharmacologic Treatment of Neurobehavioral Sequelae Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability in the United States. With decreasing mortality rates, a higher number of patients are impacted by long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae, such as cognitive deficits, depression, anxiety, and sleep-wake disorders. These sequelae are primarily driven by the disruption of key neurotransmitter homeostasis including dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and acetylcholine.

Interplay of electrostatic repulsion and surface grafting density on surface-mediated DNA hybridization.

Single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer was used to observe the adsorption of fluorescently-labeled "target" DNA oligonucleotides and their association and hybridization with complementary DNA "probes" tethered to the surface as a function of surface grafting density. Ionic strength was varied systematically to disentangle the potentially competing effects of probe accessibility and electrostatic repulsion. At high ionic strength, when the Debye length was ~1 nm, the adsorption of target DNA was not significantly inhibited by the presence of tethered probe DNA, even at high grafting density, and the fraction of adsorbed target strands undergoing hybridization increased systematically with grafting density, leading to a dramatic increase in the net hybridization rate at high grafting density.

Influence of Oligonucleotide Grafting Density on Surface-Mediated DNA Transport and Hybridization.

Adsorption of soluble DNA to surfaces decorated with complementary DNA plays an important role in many bionanotechnology applications, and previous studies have reported complex dependencies of the surface density of immobilized DNA on hybridization. While these effects have been speculatively ascribed to steric or electrostatic effects, the influence of surface-mediated molecular transport (i.e.

Surface-Mediated DNA Hybridization: Effects of DNA Conformation, Surface Chemistry, and Electrostatics.

Single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) was used to study the dynamic association of mobile donor-labeled ssDNA oligonucleotides ("target") with covalently immobilized complementary acceptor-labeled ssDNA oligonucleotides ("probe"). While probe-target association events were resolved for all experiments, such FRET events were far more likely to occur in systems with complementarity and on hydrophobic, as compared to hydrophilic, surfaces. The distribution of donor-acceptor association-time intervals did not exhibit simple first-order kinetics, and when decomposed into a superposition of first-order processes, only a small fraction of events corresponded to a long-lived state that was presumed to represent true DNA hybridization, while the majority of association events were transient, representing nonspecific associations or partial hybridization.

Multi-elemental nanoparticle exposure after tantalum component failure in hip arthroplasty: In-depth analysis of a single case.

Porous tantalum components are widely used for complex acetabular reconstructions in revision hip arthroplasty. Multiple other metal alloys such as titanium-aluminum-vanadium or cobalt-chromium-molybdenum are principally used in artificial joint setups. We report a case of tantalum component failure being both cause and effect of a multiple metal exposure.

What can action learning offer a beleaguered system? A narrative representing the relationship.

Purpose This is an attempt to write an account of action learning that is as close to the ground on which it was practised as the author can make it. In that sense, the reader can read what follows below as a kind of autoethnography, a "representation as relationship" as Gergen and Gergen (2002, p. 11) call it.

rac-1-[(2-Methoxyethyl)sulfanyl]-2-[(2-methoxyethyl)sulfinyl]benzene and its PdCl2 complex.

As an extension of recent findings on the recovery of palladium with dithioether extractants, single crystals of the chelating vicinal thioether sulfoxide ligand rac-1-[(2-methoxyethyl)sulfanyl]-2-[(2-methoxyethyl)sulfinyl]benzene, C(12)H(18)O(3)S(2), (I), and its square-planar dichloridopalladium complex, rac-dichlorido{1-[(2-methoxyethyl)sulfanyl]-2-[(2-methoxyethyl)sulfinyl]benzene-κ(2)S,S'}palladium(II), [PdCl(2)(C(12)H(18)O(3)S(2))], (II), have been synthesized and their structures analysed. The molecular structure of (II) is the first ever characterized involving a dihalogenide-Pd(II) complex in which the palladium is bonded to both a thioether and a sulfoxide functional group. The structural and stereochemical characteristics of the ligand are compared with those of the analogous dithioether compound [Traeger et al.

Dopac distribution and regulation in striatal dopaminergic varicosities and extracellular space.

DOPAC, the major intermediate metabolite of dopamine, is found in the cytosolic compartment of dopaminergic terminals/varicosities and in the extracellular space. It has been proposed that extracellular DOPAC is derived from newly synthesized dopamine rather than from dopamine in the signaling pool. On the basis of literature data supporting such a concept, we hypothesize a DOPAC synthesis/secretory complex producing extracellular DOPAC and use a computational simulation model of dopaminergic varicosities to estimate the distribution of DOPAC between cytosolic and extracellular compartments, amount of newly synthesized dopamine entering the DOPAC synthesis/secretory complex, and potential regulatory processes in the complex.

Survival with short-daily hemodialysis: association of time, site, and dose of dialysis.

In thrice-weekly hemodialysis, survival correlates with the length of time (t) of each dialysis and the dose (Kt/V), and deaths occur most frequently on Mondays and Tuesdays. We studied the influence of t and Kt/V on survival in 262 patients on short-daily hemodialysis (SDHD) and also noted death rate by weekday. Contingency tables, Kaplan-Meier analysis, regression analysis, and stepwise Cox proportional hazard analysis were used to study the associations of clinical variables with survival.

Heat of formation for the benzoyl cation by photoionization mass spectrometry.

Dissociative photoionization mass spectrometry has been used to measure the PhCO(+) appearance energies for several benzoyl compounds. Based on these threshold measurements, an experimental 298 K heat of formation of 738.8 -/+ 3.

Short daily haemodialysis: survival in 415 patients treated for 1006 patient-years.

Background: Survival statistics for daily haemodialysis are lacking as most centres providing this have treated only a small number of patients for short observation times. We pooled our 23-year, 1006-patient-year, five-centre experience of 415 patients treated by short daily haemodialysis.

Methods: One hundred and fifty patients were treated in-centre, most because of medical complications and 265 by home or self-care haemodialysis.

Absolute proton affinity for acetaldehyde.

Dissociative photoionization mass spectrometry has been used to measure appearance energies for the 1-hydroxyethyl cation (CH(3)CH=OH(+)) formed from ethanol and 2-propanol. Molecular orbital calculations for these two unimolecular fragmentation reactions suggest that only methyl loss from ionized 2-propanol does not involve excess energy at the threshold. The experimental appearance energy of 10.

Gas-phase heats of formation for alkylimmonium cations by photoionization mass spectrometry.

Photoionization mass spectrometry has been used to measure appearance energies for immonium cation formation from 25 alkyl amine precursors. A number of the unimolecular fragmentation processes are shown to involve excess energy at threshold so that, of the 11 different cations investigated, it is only possible to derive reliable 298 K heats of formation for CH2=NH2+ (749.0 +/- 0.

Role of sensory nerves in the cutaneous vasoconstrictor response to local cooling in humans.

Local cooling (LC) causes a cutaneous vasoconstriction (VC). In this study, we tested whether there is a mechanism that links LC to VC nerve function via sensory nerves. Six subjects participated.