Fears and freedoms: A qualitative analysis of older adults' basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, relatedness and beneficence.

Objectives: Self-determination theory posits three universal psychological needs: autonomy, competence and relatedness. Beneficence has recently been proposed as an important behaviour for improved well-being and eudaimonia. This study sought to qualitatively examine older adults' experiences of basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration.

Walking with Diabetes (WW-DIAB) programme a walking programme for Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A pilot randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: This pilot study aimed to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of a pedometer-based walking programme in Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methods: Feasibility was assessed by monitoring participant recruitment, retention, and adherence to the step-monitoring and recording instructions. Effectiveness was assessed in a pilot randomised controlled trial.

Sleep quantity and quality during consecutive day heat training with the inclusion of cold-water immersion recovery.

Exercise in the heat is a common occurrence among athletes and often is intentional in order to gain heat acclimation benefits, however, little is known about how such training may affect sleep. Therefore, this study investigated five days of training in the heat of varying intensity and duration and inclusion of cold-water immersion (CWI) recovery on sleep quantity and quality. Thirty recreationally-trained male participants completed five days of heat training (HT) and were randomised into three interventions including (i) 90 min cycling at 40% power at maximal aerobic capacity (P) with 15 min passive recovery (90HT); (ii) 90 min cycling at 40% P with 15 min CWI recovery (90CWI); or (iii) 30 min cycling alternating between 40% and 70% P, with 15 min passive recovery (30HT).

Genetic networks controlled by the bacterial replication initiator and transcription factor DnaA in Bacillus subtilis.

DnaA is the widely conserved bacterial AAA+ ATPase that functions as both the replication initiator and a transcription factor. In many organisms, DnaA controls expression of its own gene and likely several others during growth and in response to replication stress. To evaluate the effects of DnaA on gene expression, separate from its role in replication initiation, we analyzed changes in mRNA levels in Bacillus subtilis cells with and without dnaA, using engineered strains in which dnaA is not essential.

Adolescent's perceptions of parental influences on physical activity.

Background: Youth physical activity engagement is a key component of contemporary health promotion strategies. Parents have potential to influence the physical activity behaviours of their children. The purpose of this study was to explore associations between adolescent self-reported physical activity, parent physical activity and perceptions of parental influence as measured by the Children's Physical Activity Correlates (CPAC) questionnaire.

Adolescent Self-Reported Physical Activity and Autonomy: A Case for Constrained and Structured Environments?

The provision of autonomy supportive environments that promote physical activity engagement have become popular in contemporary youth settings. However, questions remain about whether adolescent perceptions of their autonomy have implications for physical activity. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the association between adolescents' self-reported physical activity and their perceived autonomy.

Reliability of a wellness inventory for use among adolescent females aged 12-14 years.

Background: The wellness construct has application in a number of fields including education, healthcare and counseling, particularly with regard to female adolescents. The effective measurement of wellness in adolescents can assist researchers and practitioners in determining lifestyle behaviors in which they are lacking. Behavior change interventions can then be designed which directly aid in the promotion of these areas.

The association between adolescent self-reported physical activity and wellness: the missing piece for youth wellness programs.

Purpose: Potential positive associations between youth physical activity and wellness scores could emphasize the value of youth physical activity engagement and promotion interventions, beyond the many established physiological and psychological benefits of increased physical activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between adolescents' self-reported physical activity and wellness.

Methods: This investigation included 493 adolescents (165 males and 328 females) aged between 12 and 15 years.

Development and validation of a new self-report instrument for measuring sedentary behaviors and light-intensity physical activity in adults.

Background: Low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior (SB) are major public health concerns. This study was designed to develop and validate the 7-day Sedentary (S) and Light Intensity Physical Activity (LIPA) Log (7-day SLIPA Log), a self-report measure of specific daily behaviors.

Method: To develop the log, 62 specific SB and LIPA behaviors were chosen from the Compendium of Physical Activities.

Walk@Work: An automated intervention to increase walking in university employees not achieving 10,000 daily steps.

Objective: This study assessed the workday step counts of lower active (<10,000 daily steps) university employees using an automated, web-based walking intervention (Walk@Work).

Methods: Academic and administrative staff (n=390; 45.6±10.

Practical physical activity measurement in youth: a review of contemporary approaches.

Background: The accurate evaluation of physical activity levels amongst youth is critical for quantifying physical activity behaviors and evaluating the effect of physical activity interventions. The purpose of this review is to evaluate contemporary approaches to physical activity evaluation amongst youth.

Data Sources: The literature from a range of sources was reviewed and synthesized to provide an overview of contemporary approaches for measuring youth physical activity.

Assigning metabolic equivalent values to the 2002 census occupational classification system.

Background: The Current Population Survey (CPS) and the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) use the 2002 census occupation system to classify workers into 509 separate occupations arranged into 22 major occupational categories.

Methods: We describe the methods and rationale for assigning detailed Metabolic Equivalent (MET) estimates to occupations and present population estimates (comparing outputs generated by analysis of previously published summary MET estimates to the detailed MET estimates) of intensities of occupational activity using the 2003 ATUS data comprised of 20,720 respondents, 5323 (2917 males and 2406 females) of whom reported working 6+ hours at their primary occupation on their assigned reporting day.

Results: Analysis using the summary MET estimates resulted in 4% more workers in sedentary occupations, 6% more in light, 7% less in moderate, and 3% less in vigorous compared with using the detailed MET estimates.

Correction: Expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in older populations.

Correction to Tudor-Locke C, Hart TL, Washington TL: Expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in older populations. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2009, 6:59.

Expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in older populations.

The purpose of this review is to update expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in free-living healthy older populations. A search of the literature published since 2001 began with a keyword (pedometer, "step counter," "step activity monitor" or "accelerometer AND steps/day") search of PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SportDiscus, and PsychInfo. An iterative process was then undertaken to abstract and verify studies of pedometer-determined physical activity (captured in terms of steps taken; distance only was not accepted) in free-living adult populations described as >/= 50 years of age (studies that included samples which spanned this threshold were not included unless they provided at least some appropriately age-stratified data) and not specifically recruited based on any chronic disease or disability.

Pedometry methods for assessing free-living youth.

The purpose of this review is to integrate and summarize specific measurement topics (instrument and metric choice, validity, reliability, how many and what types of days, reactivity, and data treatment) appropriate to the study of youth physical activity. Research quality pedometers are necessary to aid interpretation of steps per day collected in a range ofyoung populations under a variety of circumstances. Steps per day is the most appropriate metric choice, but steps per minute can be used to interpret time-in-intensity in specifically delimited time periods (e.

Expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in youth.

This review assembles pedometry literature focused on youth, with particular attention to expected values for habitual, school day, physical education class, recess, lunch break, out-of-school, weekend, and vacation activity. From 31 studies published since 1999, we constructed a youth habitual activity step-curve that indicates: (a) from ages 6 to 18 years, boys typically take more steps per day than girls; (b) for both sexes the youngest age groups appear to take fewer steps per day than those immediately older; and (c) from a young age, boys decline more in steps per day to become more consistent with girls at older ages. Additional studies revealed that boys take approximately 42-49% of daily steps during the school day; girls take 41-47%.

Linking the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and the Compendium of Physical Activities: methods and rationale.

Background: The 2003 Bureau of Labor Statistics American Time Use Survey (ATUS) contains 438 distinct primary activity variables that can be analyzed with regard to how time is spent by Americans. The Compendium of Physical Activities is used to code physical activities derived from various surveys, logs, diaries, etc to facilitate comparison of coded intensity levels across studies.

Methods: This article describes the methods, challenges, and rationale for linking Compendium estimates of physical activity intensity (METs, metabolic equivalents) with all activities reported in the 2003 ATUS.

Expected values for steps/day in special populations.

Objective: To assemble expected values for free-living steps/day in special populations living with chronic illnesses and disabilities.

Method: Studies identified since 2000 were categorized into similar illnesses and disabilities, capturing the original reference, sample descriptions, descriptions of instruments used (i.e.

RXR isoforms and endogenous retinoids in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator.

The pleiotropic effects of circulating ecdysteroids in the adult fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, during molting, regeneration, and reproduction are mediated by a limited number of receptor proteins. We hypothesize that hormonal effects in vivo may be the result of complex interactions between at least two receptor heterodimer conformations that differentially respond to multiple ecdysteroid/retinoid signals. Two splicing variants of the fiddler crab retinoid-X-receptor (UpRXR) differ from one another by the addition of a 33 amino acid insert in the ligand-binding domain.

Comparison of Kenz Lifecorder EX and ActiGraph accelerometers in 10-yr-old children.

Unlabelled: A new accelerometer, the Kenz Lifecorder EX (LC; Suzuken Co. Ltd, Nagoya, Japan), offers promise as a feasible monitor alternative to the commonly used Actigraph (AG: Actigraph LLC, Fort Walton Beach, FL).

Purpose: This study compared the LC and AG accelerometers and the Yamax SW-200 pedometer (DW) under free-living conditions with regard to children's steps taken and time in light-intensity physical activity (PA) and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA).