Brown adipose tissue metabolism in women is dependent on ovarian status.

In rodents, loss of estradiol (E) reduces brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolic activity. Whether E impacts BAT activity in women is not known. BAT oxidative metabolism was measured in premenopausal ( = 27; 35 ± 9 yr; body mass index = 26.

The Case for the Patient-Centric Development of Novel Digital Sleep Assessment Tools in Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Depression imposes a major burden on public health as the leading cause of disability worldwide. Sleep disturbance is a core symptom of depression that affects the vast majority of patients. Nonetheless, it is frequently not resolved by depression treatment and may even be worsened through some pharmaceutical interventions.

Maximizing precision and accuracy of the doubly labeled water method via optimal sampling protocol, calculation choices, and incorporation of O measurements.

Background/objectives: The doubly labeled water (DLW) method is the gold standard methodology for determination of free-living, total daily energy expenditure (TEE). However, there is no single accepted approach for either the sampling protocols (daily vs. two-point, in which samples are collected after dosing and at the end of the measurement period) or the calculations used in the determination of the rate of carbon dioxide production (rCO) and TEE.

Validation of the doubly labeled water method using off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy and isotope ratio mass spectrometry.

When the doubly labeled water (DLW) method is used to measure total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), isotope measurements are typically performed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). New technologies, such as off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) provide comparable isotopic measurements of standard waters and human urine samples, but the accuracy of carbon dioxide production (V̇co) determined with OA-ICOS has not been demonstrated. We compared simultaneous measurement V̇co obtained using whole-room indirect calorimetry (IC) with DLW-based measurements from IRMS and OA-ICOS.

Automatic Recognition of Activities of Daily Living Utilizing Insole-Based and Wrist-Worn Wearable Sensors.

Automatic recognition of activities of daily living (ADL) is an important component in understanding of energy balance, quality of life, and other areas of health and well-being. In our previous work, we had proposed an insole-based activity monitor-SmartStep, designed to be socially acceptable and comfortable. The goals of the current study were: first, validation of SmartStep in recognition of a broad set of ADL; second, comparison of the SmartStep to a wrist sensor and testing these in combination; third, evaluation of SmartStep's accuracy in measuring wear noncompliance and a novel activity class (driving); fourth, performing the validation in free living against a well-studied criterion measure (ActivPAL, PAL Technologies); and fifth, quantitative evaluation of the perceived comfort of SmartStep.

Estradiol-mediated improvements in adipose tissue insulin sensitivity are related to the balance of adipose tissue estrogen receptor α and β in postmenopausal women.

Unlabelled: We recently demonstrated that short-term estradiol (E2) treatment improved insulin-mediated suppression of lipolysis in postmenopausal women, but to a greater extent in those who were late compared to early postmenopausal. In this follow-up study we tested whether subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) expression of estrogen receptors (ER) α and β differs between early and late postmenopausal women. We further tested whether the balance of ERα to ERβ in SAT determined the effect of E2 on SAT insulin sensitivity.

Time since menopause and skeletal muscle estrogen receptors, PGC-1α, and AMPK.

Objective: Short-term administration of estradiol (E2) improves insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate in early postmenopausal (EPM) women compared with a reduction in late postmenopausal (LPM) women. The underlying mechanisms by which E2 action on glucose disposal rate reversed from beneficial early to harmful late in menopause is unknown, but might include adverse changes in estrogen receptors (ERs) or other biomarkers of cellular energy metabolism with age or duration of estrogen deficiency.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed skeletal muscle samples from 27 postmenopausal women who were 6 years or less past menopause (EPM; n = 13) or at least 10 years past menopause (LPM; n = 14).

Estimating energy expenditure using heat flux measured at a single body site.

Introduction: The Personal Calorie Monitor (PCM) is a portable direct calorimeter that estimates energy expenditure (EE) from measured heat flux (i.e., the sum of conductive, convective, radiative, and evaporative heat).

Total daily energy expenditure is increased following a single bout of sprint interval training.

REGULAR ENDURANCE EXERCISE IS AN EFFECTIVE STRATEGY FOR HEALTHY WEIGHT MAINTENANCE, MEDIATED VIA INCREASED TOTAL DAILY ENERGY EXPENDITURE (TDEE), AND POSSIBLY AN INCREASE IN RESTING METABOLIC RATE (RMR: the single largest component of TDEE). Sprint interval training (SIT) is a low-volume alternative to endurance exercise; however, the utility of SIT for healthy weight maintenance is less clear. In this regard, it is feasible that SIT may evoke a thermogenic response above and beyond the estimates required for prevention of weight gain (i.

My baby, my move: examination of perceived barriers and motivating factors related to antenatal physical activity.

Introduction: Based on a socioecological model, the present study examined multilevel barriers and facilitators related to physical activity engagement during pregnancy in women of low socioeconomic status.

Methods: Individual and paired interviews were conducted with 25 pregnant women (aged 18-46 years, 17-40 weeks' gestation) to ask about motivational factors and to compare differences in activity level and parity. Atlas/Ti software was used to code verbatim interview transcripts by organizing codes into categories that reflect symbolic domains of meaning, relational patterns, and overarching themes.