Distribution and genetic characterization of bird rape mustard (Brassica rapa) populations and analysis of glyphosate resistance introgression.

Background: The introgression of a transgene conferring glyphosate resistance from Brassica napus (rapeseed, canola) to Brassica rapa weeds (bird rape) was documented at a single location in 2007. In 2015, several cases of glyphosate resistant mustard were reported by growers in areas where rapeseed was seldom grown.

Results: Survey result indicated glyphosate resistant bird rape mustard is present in areas where glyphosate tolerant corn and soybean are often grown in rotation.

Insights from the genomes of 4 diploid Camelina spp.

Plant evolution has been a complex process involving hybridization and polyploidization making understanding the origin and evolution of a plant's genome challenging even once a published genome is available. The oilseed crop, Camelina sativa (Brassicaceae), has a fully sequenced allohexaploid genome with 3 unknown ancestors. To better understand which extant species best represent the ancestral genomes that contributed to C.

Population Genomic Approaches for Weed Science.

Genomic approaches are opening avenues for understanding all aspects of biological life, especially as they begin to be applied to multiple individuals and populations. However, these approaches typically depend on the availability of a sequenced genome for the species of interest. While the number of genomes being sequenced is exploding, one group that has lagged behind are weeds.

Polyploidization for the Genetic Improvement of .

is a diploid species, cultivated throughout the ages as a source of fiber, food, and secondary metabolites with therapeutic and recreational properties. Polyploidization is considered as a valuable tool in the genetic improvement of crop plants. Although this method has been used in hemp-type Cannabis, it has never been applied to drug-type strains.

Hybridization rate and hybrid fitness for Andrz. ex DC (♀) and (L.) Crantz(Brassicaceae) (♂).

Hybridization between crops and their wild relatives has the potential to introduce novel variation into wild populations. Camelina () is a promising oilseed and cultivars with modified seed characteristics and herbicide resistance are in development, prompting a need to evaluate the potential for novel trait introgression into weedy relatives. Little-podded false flax (littlepod) is a naturalized weed in Canada and the USA.

Ureteroscopic High-Frequency Dusting Utilizing a 120-W Holmium Laser.

Introduction And Objective: Recently there has been interest in a dusting technique for lithotripsy during ureteroscopy (URS) utilizing high-frequency and low-pulse energy (HiFr-LoPE) settings. We assessed a 120-W holmium laser that permits high-frequency (>50 Hz) dusting.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive URS cases performed by a single surgeon using the P120H (Lumenis, San Jose, CA) were reviewed.

Secondary and tertiary treatments for multiple sclerosis patients with urinary symptoms.

Multiple sclerosis patients with refractory urinary symptoms after treatment with behavioral therapy and medications still have treatment options. Prior to starting treatments, baseline symptoms should be assessed and treatment goals thoroughly discussed. Catheterization, botulinum toxin, and reconstructive surgery all can play a role in improving both safety and quality of life for these patients.

Penile inversion through a penoscrotal incision for the treatment of penile urethral strictures.

Purpose: This article describes a novel technique for the repair of penile urethral strictures and establishes the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of this innovative surgical approach.

Materials And Methods: Patients with urethral strictures underwent a one-sided anterior dorsal oral mucosal graft urethroplasty through a penoscrotal inversion technique. The clinical outcome was considered a failure when any instrumentation was needed postoperatively, including dilatation.

Transurethral Bipolar Enucleation of the Prostate Is an Effective Treatment Option for Men With Urinary Retention.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes of transurethral bipolar enucleation (TuBE) of the prostate in patients with refractory lower urinary tract symptoms.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent TuBE from July 2014 to March 2015. Perioperative factors evaluated included International Prostate Symptom Score, Sexual Health Inventory for Men score, prostate-specific antigen, postvoid residual volume, transrectal ultrasound volume measurement, estimated blood loss, operative time, pathologic weight, and complications.

Bidirectional but asymmetrical sexual hybridization between Brassica carinata and Sinapis arvensis (Brassicaceae).

With transgenic crop development it is important to evaluate the potential for transgenes to escape into populations of wild, weedy relatives. Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata, BBCC) is easily transformed and is being investigated for uses from biodiesel fuels to biopharmaceuticals. However, little work has been done evaluating its ability to cross with relatives such as wild mustard (Sinapsis arvensis, SrSr), an abundant, cosmopolitan weedy relative.

Transplantation conditioning regimens and outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Relapse is common after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although 1200 cGy total body irradiation (TBI) and cyclophosphamide (Cy) is the standard conditioning regimen, attempts to reduce relapse have led to the addition of a second chemotherapeutic agent and/or higher dose of TBI. We examined HSCT outcomes in patients age <18 years with ALL, in second or subsequent remission or in relapse at transplantation.

The mind of the alcoholic.

Alcoholism and other forms of substance abuse affect between 10% and 15% of dentists, and the damage caused is well documented and understood. In the face of this, recovery rates remain below 20%. The key is in understanding the mind of the alcoholic.