[Three Cases of Conversion Surgery for Unresectable Advanced Gallbladder Cancer with Distant Metastasis Treated with Gemcitabine plus CDDP].

All three patients were female, one in her 50s, and the other two in their 60s. The one in her 50s had liver metastasis and the other two had unresectable advanced cholecystic carcinomas with peritoneal dissemination. All three received 8-12 courses of gemcitabine plus CDDP(GC).

[A Case of Stage Ⅳ Gastric Cancer Treated with Conversion Surgery after Chemotherapy].

A case is a female of 61-year-old. She visited her local doctor with a chief complaint of frequent burping. She was hospitalized for gastric cancer with pyloric stenosis.

β-Catenin-activated inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma with pigmentation and atypical features: a case report.

Hepatocellular adenomas are rare diseases, defined as benign liver neoplasms composed of cells with hepatocellular differentiation. Differential diagnosis of hepatocellular adenoma from other lesions, including focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular carcinoma, is crucial to determine treatment strategy. We describe a case of β-catenin-activated inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma with malignant transformation.

CT-based deep learning enables early postoperative recurrence prediction for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Preoperatively accurate evaluation of risk for early postoperative recurrence contributes to maximizing the therapeutic success for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) patients. This study aimed to investigate the potential of deep learning (DL) algorithms for predicting postoperative early recurrence through the use of preoperative images. We collected the dataset, including preoperative plain computed tomography (CT) images, from 41 patients undergoing curative surgery for iCCA at multiple institutions.

Conversion surgery following gemcitabine plus cisplatin therapy for initially unresectable gallbladder cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis: a case report.

Background: Conversion surgery, which is defined as chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery, may improve survival of patients with initially unresectable advanced biliary tract cancer, including gallbladder cancer. However, there are few reports on conversion surgery for advanced gallbladder cancer.

Case Presentation: A 69-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with initially unresectable gallbladder cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis.

[Successful Treatment of Necrotizing Fasciitis Due to Ascending Colon Cancer-A Case Report].

A 70-year-old woman was brought to our hospital by ambulance because of severe groin pain on the right side. Computed tomography scan revealed a tumor in the ascending colon, intraperitoneal abscess spread to the subcutaneous tissues, and a large amount of pneumoderma. She was diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis caused by penetration of ascending colon cancer and underwent lavage and drainage, right hemicolectomy, end ileostomy, and debridement of necrotic tissues on emergency.

[A Case of Multiple Lymph Node Metastases Treated with Nivolumab after an Adrenalectomy for Solitary Adrenal Metastasis of Gastric Cancer after a Gastrectomy].

A 69-year-old man was hospitalized for gastric cancer. He underwent total gastrectomy with distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and cholecystectomy. Pathological staging was pT3N3aM0 and Stage ⅢB.

[A Case of Liver Recurrence of Choriocarcinoma and AFP-Producing Carcinoma of the Stomach Showing a Complete Histological Response after Chemotherapy].

A 65-year-old man was hospitalized for gastric cancer. Abdominal computed tomography detected lower gastric cancer and invasion of the liver. Initial laboratory data showed high levels of serum AFP(2,688.

Impact of Smoking Cessation in Donor Candidates for Living Donor Liver Transplantation.

Background: The relationship between smoking cessation and weight gain is well recognized. Examining the link between smoking cessation and weight gain in donor candidates for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is an important topic because of the influence of weight gain on the liver. This study assessed body weight (BW) changes after smoking cessation in donor candidates for LDLT.

Long-term Changes in Spleen Volume After Living Donor Liver Transplantation in Pediatric Recipients.

Background: Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is a definitive procedure for splenomegaly caused by liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, but splenomegaly persists in some patients. The aim of this study was to clarify the long-term changes in the spleen volume after LDLT.

Methods: The 13 pediatric patients who survived for >8 years after LDLT were retrospectively analyzed.

[Cystic Duct Cancer with Postoperative Liver Metastasis That Achieved Complete Response after Gemcitabine Treatment - A Case Report].

A 72-year-old woman was diagnosed with gallbladder cancer and underwent extended cholecystectomy and extrahepatic bile duct resection. The pathological findings were CGnBdGb, circ, nodular infiltrating type, 20×10 mm, tub2, pT3b, int, INF c, ly1, v1, ne3, pN0, pDM0, pHM0, pEM0, pPV0, pA0, R0, Stage III A. Because the main localization was in the cystic duct, we diagnosed this as cystic duct cancer.

Effect of sarcopenia on the outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: The relationship between sarcopenia and patient outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) remains unclear. We assessed the impact of sarcopenia on the outcomes after PD for DCC.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 65 patients who underwent PD for DCC.

Radical operation for hilar cholangiocarcinoma in comparable Eastern and Western centers: Outcome analysis and prognostic factors.

Background: Extensive resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma is the most effective treatment, but high morbidity and poor prognosis remain concerns. Previous data have shown marked differences in outcomes between comparable Eastern and Western centers. We compared the outcomes of the management for hilar cholangiocarcinoma at one Japanese and one British institution with comparable experience.

[A Case of Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis with Several Recurrences].

A 60's woman had undergone abdominal total hysterectomy due to uterine leiomyoma 17 years previously. She underwent resection of multiple intra-abdominal tumors 9 years previously, and was diagnosed with disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis. Because of several recurrences, she was referred to our hospital and treated with GnRH agonist therapy.

Living donor liver transplantation in a pediatric patient with preexisting yolk sac tumor.

There is ongoing discussion regarding the indications and timing of LT for patients with a preexisting extrahepatic malignancy. We herein report a pediatric case that underwent LDLT after therapy for YST. The patient, a 13-year-old female with biliary atresia, had undergone portoenterostomy at 2 months of age.

Prognostic Impact of CD163+ Macrophages in Tumor Stroma and CD8+ T-Cells in Cancer Cell Nests in Invasive Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the clinicopathological influence of tumor-infiltrating cluster of differentiation (CD) 163 macrophages and CD8 T-cells, and to clarify the prognostic effects of these cells in patients with invasive extrahepatic bile duct cancer (EHBC).

Materials And Methods: The numbers of CD8 T-cells in cancer cell nests and CD163 macrophages in tumor stroma were evaluated using immunohistochemistry in 101 resected EHBC specimens. Correlations with clinicopathological variables and overall survival were analyzed.

Significance of preoperative fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in prediction of tumor recurrence after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a Japanese multicenter study.

Background: In the present study, we conducted a multicenter nationwide survey to investigate the effects of preoperative fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) on the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: From 16 Japanese LT centers, data were collected on 182 recipients with HCC who underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) between February 2005 and November 2013. PET-positive status was defined as increased uptake of FDG in the tumor compared to the surrounding non-tumor liver tissue.

[A case of metastatic liver tumor arising from gastric cancer resected after second-line chemotherapy].

A man in his 60s was diagnosed with gastric cancer and underwent distal gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection. The histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma (T3, N1, StageIIB). He was treated with S-1 as adjuvant chemotherapy for 1 year.

Perioperative blood transfusion as a poor prognostic factor after aggressive surgical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Blood transfusion is linked to a negative outcome for malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate aggressive surgical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) and assess the impact of perioperative blood transfusion on long-term survival.

Methods: Sixty-six consecutive major hepatectomies with en bloc resection of the caudate lobe and extrahepatic bile duct for HCCA were performed using macroscopically curative resection at our institute from 2002 to 2012.

Ex vivo application of endocytoscopy for determining the longitudinal extent of bile duct cancer: a pathological analysis of 28 resected cases.

Background: The aim was to examine the diagnostic ability of an endocytoscope system (ECS) for detecting the longitudinal extent of bile duct cancer.

Methods: We observed the surfaces of the bile duct of 28 consecutive patients undergoing biliary surgery both directly and under methylene blue staining by using an ECS. Based on the change in the microvascular caliber, abnormal vascularity, structural atypia, and cellular atypia, we created an ECS score.

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct and its malignant potential.

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) was originally described as a distinctive type of invasive carcinoma in the breast, but it has not been recognized as a histological type of the extrahepatic bile duct cancer. The present study demonstrated clinicopathological features and patient prognosis of IMPC. We examined histological reviews of 93 consecutive cases of the extrahepatic bile duct cancer and identified 13 cases which included IMPC component.