In vitro and in vivo assessment of nanoceria biocompatibility for their safe use in nervous system applications.

Nanoceria, or cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO NP), are increasingly employed in a number of industrial and commercial applications. Hence, the environmental presence of these nanoparticles is growing progressively, enhancing the global concern on their potential health effects. Recent studies suggest that nanoceria may also have promising biomedical applications particularly in neurodegenerative and brain-related pathologies, but studies addressing their toxicity, and specifically on the nervous system, are still scarce, and their potential adverse effects and action mechanism are not totally understood yet.

Personalized Mobile App-Based Program for Preparation and Recovery After Radical Prostatectomy: Initial Evidence for Improved Outcomes From a Prospective Nonrandomized Study.

Background: eHealth can help replicate the benefits of conventional surgical prehabilitation programs and overcome organizational constraints related to human resources and health care-related costs.

Objective: We aimed to assess the impact of an optimized perioperative program using a personalized mobile app designed for preparation and recovery after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Methods: We report on a series of 122 consecutive robot-assisted RP before and after the implementation of the betty.

Assessing the impact of organic and inorganic micropollutants released from a wastewater treatment plant on humans and aquatic environment, Al-Hoceima city, Morocco.

Wastewater contains a variety of compounds qualified as pollutants. These undergo incomplete treatment in wastewater treatment plants. The objective of this study is to determine the potential impacts on humans and aquatic environment of 46 organic and inorganic micropollutants using the USE-tox® model.

Toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: Cellular and behavioural effects.

Due to their extensive use, the release of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) into the environment is increasing and may lead to unintended risk to both human health and ecosystems. Access of ZnO NP to the brain has been demonstrated, so their potential toxicity on the nervous system is a matter of particular concern. Although evaluation of ZnO NP toxicity has been reported in several previous studies, the specific effects on the nervous system are not completely understood and, particularly, effects on genetic material and on organism behaviour are poorly addressed.

Does Overgrading on Targeted Biopsy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-visible Lesions in Prostate Cancer Lead to Overtreatment?

Background And Objective: Targeted biopsy of the index prostate cancer (PCa) lesion on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is effective in reducing the risk of overdiagnosis of indolent PCa. However, it remains to be determined whether MRI-targeted biopsy can lead to a stage shift via overgrading of the index lesion by focusing only on the highest-grade component, and to a subsequent risk of overtreatment. Our aim was to assess whether overgrading on MRI-targeted biopsy may lead to overtreatment, using radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens as the reference standard.

Is there a role for radical prostatectomy in the management of oligometastatic prostate cancer? A systematic review.

Context: There is a growing interest about the role of radical prostatectomy (RP) in local cancer control in oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCa).

Purpose: To evaluate the oncological and functional outcomes of RP in the management of oligometastatic PCa through a systematic review.

Methods: A systematic review search was performed and the following bibliographic databases were accessed: PubMed, Scopus, Embase and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials were searched from January 2000 to November 2022.

Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Exposure on Human Glial Cells and Zebrafish Embryos.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are among the most widely used nanomaterials. They have multiple applications in cosmetics, textiles, paints, electronics and, recently, also in biomedicine. This extensive use of ZnO NPs notably increases the probability that both humans and wildlife are subjected to undesirable effects.

MRI lesion size is more important than the number of positive biopsy cores in predicting adverse features and recurrence after radical prostatectomy: implications for active surveillance criteria in intermediate-risk patients.

Introduction: To determine associations between prostate cancer (PCa) tumor burden measured on biopsy or multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and outcomes in intermediate-risk (IR) International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade 2 men managed with primary radical prostatectomy (RP).

Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study was conducted in eight referral centers. The cohort included IR PCa patients who had ISUP 2 at biopsy.

The BETTY Score to Predict Perioperative Outcomes in Surgical Patients.

The aim of this study is to evaluate a new user-friendly scoring system, namely the BETTY score, that aims to predict 30-day patient outcomes after surgery. In this first description, we rely on a population of prostate cancer patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. The BETTY score includes the patient's American Society of Anesthesiologists score, the body mass index, and intraoperative data, including operative time, estimated blood loss, any major intraoperative complications, hemodynamic, and/or respiratory instability.

Robot-assisted Radical Cystectomy with Orthotopic Neobladder Reconstruction: Techniques and Functional Outcomes in Males.

Background: Little is known regarding functional outcomes after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) and intracorporeal neobladder (ICNB) reconstruction.

Objective: To report on urinary continence (UC) and erectile function (EF) at 12 mo after RARC and ICNB reconstruction and investigate predictors of these outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We used data from a multi-institutional database of patients who underwent RARC and ICNB reconstruction for bladder cancer.

Biallelic Mutations in P4HTM Cause Syndromic Obesity.

We previously demonstrated that 50% of children with obesity from consanguineous families from Pakistan carry pathogenic variants in known monogenic obesity genes. Here, we have discovered a novel monogenetic recessive form of severe childhood obesity using an in-house computational staged approach. The analysis included whole-exome sequencing data of 366 children with severe obesity, 1,000 individuals of the Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study (PROMIS) study, and 200,000 participants of the UK Biobank to prioritize genes harboring rare homozygous variants with putative effect on human obesity.

Lower Detrusor Apron-sparing Robot-assisted Radical Cystectomy and Intracorporeal Neobladder Reconstruction: Technique and Preliminary Outcomes.

Background: Prior studies on robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) have shown that preservation of the anterior periprostatic structures is associated with good functional outcomes in terms of urinary continence and erectile function. With this in mind, we developed a technique for preservation of the lower part of the detrusor apron (LDA) and anterior periprostatic structures at the time of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) and intracorporeal neobladder (ICNB) reconstruction.

Objective: To describe our LDA-sparing RARC technique and to assess its safety and outcomes.

Expanding inclusion criteria for active surveillance in intermediate-risk prostate cancer: a machine learning approach.

Purpose: To develop new selection criteria for active surveillance (AS) in intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods: Retrospective study including patients from 14 referral centers who underwent pre-biopsy mpMRI, image-guided biopsies and radical prostatectomy. The cohort included biopsy-naive IR PCa patients who met the following inclusion criteria: Gleason Grade Group (GGG) 1-2, PSA < 20 ng/mL, and cT1-cT2 tumors.

Heterogeneity of contemporary grade group 4 prostate cancer in radical prostatectomy specimens.

Purpose: The aim was to evaluate the prognostic role of sub-categories of ISUP 4 prostate cancer (PCa) on final pathology, and assess the tumor architecture prognostic role for predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy.

Methods: From a prospectively-maintained database, we included 370 individuals with ISUP 4 on final pathology. The main outcomes were to evaluate the relationship between different ISUP patterns within the group 4 with pathological and oncological outcomes.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based T-staging to Predict Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy: A Step Towards the iTNM Classification.

Background: Local staging of prostate cancer (PCa) still relies on digital rectal examination (DRE), which therefore remains the standard for risk stratification in guideline recommendations, clinical trials, and patient counseling. This issue is increasingly controversial as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has become the most influential diagnostic tool for local staging of PCa over the past two decades.

Objective: To compare various models of T category based on DRE or mpMRI to predict early biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP).

[Endoscopic papillary abnormalities and urinary stone recognition (EPSR): How and why?].

Introduction: The purpose of this article is to present the endoscopic papillary abnormalities and stone recognition (EPSR) to state-certified nurses (IDE and IBODE) working in the operating room.

Methods: This article is based on a literature review and the author's experience concerning the endoscopic papillary abnormalities and stone recognition.

Results: Since the advent of minimally invasive surgery and the laser, stones are no longer sent as one piece to laboratories, but fragmented.

Clinical Trial Protocol for PERFECT: A Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficiency and Tolerance of Transperineal Fusion Versus Transrectal Imaging-targeted Prostate Biopsies (CCAFU-PR1 Study).

PERFECT is a multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial that evaluates the efficiency of fusion magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsies in the transperineal (TP) versus transrectal (TR) approach in terms of the detection of significant cancers. Our study builds on the hypothesis that the TP approach for prostate biopsies has at least the same diagnostic accuracy as the TR approach, with lower morbidity. Here, we describe the clinical protocol, study population, and primary and secondary outcomes.

Overdiagnosis and stage migration of ISUP 2 disease due to mpMRI-targeted biopsy: facts or fictions.

Recently, the use of targeted biopsy has been subject to critics, as it has been speculated that targeted biopsy might lead to overdiagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we tried to evaluate whether targeted sampling in patients with organ-confined disease and ISUP 2 disease was associated with downgrading of the prostatectomy specimen, hence, leading to an unnecessary treatment, in terms of radical surgery. We relied on a prospectively-maintained multi-institutional database and identified 1293 patients with ISUP 2 disease on targeted biopsy only.

Grade group 1 prostate cancer on biopsy: are we still missing aggressive disease in the era of image-directed therapy?

Purpose: Recently, Eggener et al. reignited a debate consisting to redefine Gleason Grade Group (GGG) 1 prostate cancer (PCa) as a precancerous lesion to reduce overdiagnosis and overtreatment. However, historical cohorts showed that some GGG1-labeled disease at biopsy may be underestimated by the standard PCa diagnostic workup.