Mapping of a congenital microcoria locus to 13q31-q32.

Congenital microcoria is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a pupil with a diameter <2 mm. It is thought to be due to a maldevelopment of the dilator pupillae muscle of the iris, and it is associated with juvenile-onset glaucoma. A total genome search for the location of the congenital microcoria gene was launched in a single large family.

Multivariate analysis versus vector analysis to assess surgically induced astigmatism.

Purpose: To present a multivariate probability computation method for assessing surgically induced astigmatism.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes School of Medicine, France.

Methods: The multivariate method was used to evaluate 100 patients who had cataract surgery by phacoemulsification.

Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy to correct astigmatism.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) to correct astigmatism.

Setting: Hôpital Morvan, Brest, France.

Methods: A 193 nm excimer laser was used to perform toric ablation with an expanding slit to flatten the cornea in the steeper meridian and/or to correct myopia with an iris diaphragm in 72 eyes (55 patients): 68 eyes for compound myopic astigmatism and 4 for astigmatism only.

[Multiple pilomatricoma. Apropos of a case].

Pilomatricoma is a benign, solitary tumor. The histopathologic findings of viable basaloid cells in the periphery, shadow cells in the central part and foci of calcification are characteristic of pilomatricoma. The microscopic aspect of multiple pilomatricomas was not different from solitary pilomatricomas.

Association of congenital microcoria with myopia and glaucoma. A study of 23 patients with congenital microcoria.

Background: Congenital microcoria, a bilateral condition of the iris dilatator, is defined as a pupil with a diameter of less than 2 mm when looking at a distant object. Although it is usually a hereditary condition resulting from autosomal dominant transmission with no marked difference between the sexes, it is sometimes sporadic. The ocular abnormalities associated with this condition (myopia, astigmatism, and glaucoma) have never been linked to the malformation.

[Langerhans cell granulomatosis of the orbit. Apropos of an anatomo-clinical case].

Langerhans' cell granulomatosis of the orbit was observed in a 7-year-old boy successfully treated by a simple biopsy. Recovery can be established one year after the biopsy on the basis of bone defect healing on the standard X-ray of the skull.

[Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in children. Apropos of 2 cases].

Rhabdomyosarcoma accounts for 5% of childhood malignant tumours; in 10% it occurs in the orbit where it is the most frequent malignant tumour. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a mesenchymatous tumour with striated muscular differentiation. However, this myogenous differentiation is sometimes undiscernable on standard histological examination and requires immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies to be shown.

[Keratomycosis, from head injury to aspergillosis].

Keratomycosis due to Aspergillus fumigatus occurs most often in immuno-competent patients who live and work in a fungus-rich atmosphere. Previous trauma with epithelial lesion are reported by most authors. While the new antifungal drugs may be effective, corneal graft is the most effective solution in uncontrolled cases.

[Comparative study of propofol versus thiopental-halothane in the occurrence of oculocardiac reflex and postoperative vomiting after surgery for strabismus in children].

Strabismus surgery in children is associated with side-effects, intraoperative oculocardiac reflexes in relation with muscular tractions and postoperative vomiting. Studies with propofol anaesthesia in this surgery have shown a lower incidence of these side-effects. So, a prospective study compared these incidences with propofol (P) versus thiopental/halothane (T+H) anaesthesia.

[Vectorial models for analyzing variations of anterior corneal astigmatism].

Several studies have analysed postoperative or spontaneous variations in astigmatism. The methods of quantification of these variations, frequently used in these studies, are based on different ways of calculating: subtraction, vectorial or polar methods: Naylor, Jaffe and Clayman, Cravy, Naeser, Russell et al. and recently, Holladay et al.

[Probability studies on the variations of anterior corneal astigmatism].

The probability method of analysis of astigmatism variations respects both astigmatism components, quantity and axis. The two random variable model that we introduce here analyses cylinder variations and axial variations. After describing the contingency table and the probability table.

[Alprazolam as premedication in ophthalmologic surgery].

Oral premedication with alprazolam was studied in 83 patients before eye surgery. Alprazolam appears to be an excellent anxiolytic drug, with minor cardiovascular and respiratory side effects. A double blind study should be carried on to assess these properties.

[Importance of studying deficiencies of IgG subclasses (IgG2 and IgG4) in immuno-allergologic practice].

Levels of the sub-classes of immunoglobulins IgG2 and IgG4 have been established by radial diffusion with monoclonal antibodies in 150 subjects. 49 (42 adults and 7 children) showed either a low level of IgG2 (less than 0.42 g/l n = 11) or a reduced level of IgG4 (less than 0.

[Surgery of 6th nerve paralysis. 74 cases].

85% of abducens palsies recover spontaneously; then their surgical treatment has not to be hastened. However many non regressive cases are frequently observed. Whatever they may be, partial or complete, uni or bilateral, always they give a great functional handicap which warrants a surgical care.