A Case of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Caused by Epcoritamab.

A female patient aged in her 50s had presented with the onset of follicular lymphoma (FL) with left mandibular swelling, with a pathological grade of 1 and clinical stage of Ⅳ (Ann Arbor staging). Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone, and rituximab (R-CHOP) resulted in complete molecular remission (CMR). The patient experienced two recurrences, and treatments were successful; however, the side effect of continuous lymphocytopenia existed eight years after the onset.

[Recent advances in prevention and treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) negatively impacts long-term survival and quality of life (QOL) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Corticosteroids are the first-line treatment for cGVHD, but approximately 30% to 70% of patients develop steroid-refractory cGVHD (SR-cGVHD), which has an extremely poor prognosis. The pathophysiology of cGVHD is more complicated than acute GVHD, but recent advances using murine models in conjunction with human studies indicate three major phases: 1) acute inflammation, 2) chronic inflammation with loss of immune tolerance, and 3) disrupted target organ homeostasis and fibrosis.

Comparative Analysis of Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation Outcomes Between Japanese and Non-Japanese Populations.

Background: As the Japanese population may have less genetic diversity than other ethnic groups, treatment outcomes may be affected when allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is performed in other races. However, evidence explaining the effect of racial differences is limited.

Methods: We used the Japanese National Database to examine the outcomes of first allogeneic bone marrow transplantations (BMTs) performed between Japanese and non-Japanese patients from 1996 to 2021.

Development of an umbilical cord blood transplantation-specific nonrelapse mortality risk assessment score.

Higher rate of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) remains yet to be resolved in umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). Considering that UCBT has some unique features compared with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation from other graft sources, a UCBT-specific NRM risk assessment system is required. Thus, in this study, we sought to develop a UCBT-specific NRM Risk Assessment (CoBRA) score.

Allogeneic T cells cause acute renal injury after hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). There are many causes of AKI after allo-HCT, but it is unknown whether renal acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) caused by direct allogeneic donor T-cell-mediated renal damage contributes. Here, we tested whether allogeneic donor T cells attack kidneys in murine models of aGVHD.

Successful treatment of acute pancreatitis associated with late-onset acute liver GVHD after second allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

We report the case of a 28-year-old woman who developed upper abdominal pain and jaundice after a second unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). Laboratory data showed elevated levels of liver enzymes, amylase, and lipase. Although acute pancreatitis was suspected, no structural lesions were detected.

Ivabradine as an Adjuvant Agent for Severe Heart Failure Occurring in the Early Phase after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

Cardiotoxicity is a critical complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). In particular, management of severe cardiotoxicity occurring in the early phases of allo-HCT is challenging. We encountered a case of severe cardiotoxicity resulting from AHF six days after allo-HCT, which resisted catecholamines and diuretics.

How does transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease compare to hematopoietic cell transplantation-associated graft-versus-host disease?

Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) is a rare life-threatening complication of blood transfusion caused by donor T cells that escape rejection by the recipient immune system. These donor T cells drive recipient tissue damage in response to host antigens. On the other hand, GVHD occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT-GVHD) is also caused by donor T cells, but its pathophysiology is more complex and differs due to the effects of tissue damage caused by pre-HCT conditioning and profound immunosuppression.

[Fecal metabolomic profiles in experimental murine bone marrow transplantation].

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a life-threating complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Prior studies have shown that gastrointestinal (GI) GVHD is associated with a reduction in intestinal microbiota diversity and a change in microbial metabolites. We conducted fecal metabolome analyses using a murine bone marrow transplantation.

Recent Advances of Acute Kidney Injury in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) and is associated with non-relapse mortality (NRM) and quality of life (QOL). Multiple factors may contribute to AKI during allo-HCT and are often present at the same time making it difficult to determine the cause of AKI in each patient. Nephrotoxic drugs, infections, thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) are well described causes of AKI during allo-HCT.

[Recent advances in pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of steroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease].

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major life-threating complication that occurs after allogeneic cell transplantation. Although steroids remain the first-line treatment, approximately one-third of patients will eventually develop steroid-resistant or steroid-refractory GVHD (SR-GVHD), which has an extremely poor prognosis. Many novel strategies that showed promising response rates in early phase I/II trials for the prevention and treatment of acute GVHD exhibited disappointing effects on patient survival in the SR-GVHD setting.

A unique three-way Philadelphia chromosome variant t(4;9;22)(q21;q34;q11.2) in a newly diagnosed patient with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia is a hematologic malignancy associated with the fusion of two genes: BCR and ABL1. This fusion results from a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, which is called the Philadelphia chromosome. Although the Philadelphia chromosome is present in more than 90% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, 5-8% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia show complex variant translocations.

[Two-year remission of a relapsed primary gastric peripheral T-cell lymphoma treated with total gastrectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy].

A 67-year-old man was diagnosed with a submucosal primary gastric T-cell lymphoma (PGTL) via upper gastroenteroscopy following an annual health check-up. He received six cycles of CHOP and achieved a complete remission. However, the patient relapsed 4 months post therapy.

Other Iatrogenic Immunodeficiency-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Type, in a Patient with Behçet's Disease Treated with Cyclosporine A.

A 40-year-old man had been treated for Behçet's disease (BD) with cyclosporine A (CsA) for 14 years. He presented multiple lymphadenopathies with fever. Histological examination of surgical biopsy showed other iatrogenic immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma type with positivity for Epstein-Barr virus encoding RNA-1 (EBER-1).

A Rare Chromosome Abnormality with der(16)t(1;16)(q12;q11.2) in Blast Crisis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors markedly improve the clinical outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), blast crisis in CML (CML-BC) still has a poor prognosis. Many chromosomal abnormalities have been reported in CML-BC and may contribute to therapeutic resistance, disease progression, and prognosis. Herein, we report a rare chromosome abnormality with der(16)t(1;16)(q12;q11.