SO2-induced bronchopathy decreases airway sensitization with intratracheal ovalbumin in the rat.

We investigated in this study the effect of SO2-induced bronchopathy on airway sensitization to ovalbumin in the rat. Sprague-Dawley rats were immunized with a single intratracheal injection of ovalbumin (OA) 100 micrograms in 0.1 ml PBS or 0.

[Retrospective study of 77 cases of purulent pleurisy].

77 cases of non-tuberculous empyema were studied retrospectively. The data of past history, laboratory, radiological, bacteriological and outcome were gathered. The mean delay between initial symptoms and clinical diagnosis was 2.

Suppression of bronchoalveolar lymphocyte antibody secretion by alveolar macrophage: an in vitro study in the rabbit.

The effect of rabbit alveolar macrophage (AM) on the antibody secretion of bronchoalveolar lymphocytes was investigated in vitro, using a plaque-forming cell assay. Animals were intratracheally primed and reimmunized with 10(10) sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Free alveolar cells were obtained by lung lavage and broncho-alveolar lymphocyte-enrichment was achieved through Sephadex G-10 columns.

[Atelectasis caused by lung folding].

An atypical disturbance of ventilation supervening a pleural effusion may occur due to atelectasis by lung folding which is seen radiologically as a round image close to the chest wall with the appearance of a pseudo-tumour. The authors review the mechanisms and the clinical and radiological presentation of this disorder based on 7 cases and a review of the literature. The posterior basal type with adhesions to the chest wall are the most frequent.

Immunologic competence of the bronchi in the rabbit: the IgA-mediated plaque-forming response to intratracheally injected sheep erythrocytes.

Immune responses to intratracheally injected sheep erythrocytes in rabbits were investigated in bronchi, thoracic lymph nodes (TLN), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and spleen using an IgA-mediated haemolytic plaque-assay. The time-course appearance of specific IgA antibody forming cells (IgA-AFC) was studied in each tissue after primary and secondary immunizations. Overall low splenic and MLN responses suggest weak systemic and intestinal immunizations, respectively.

[Bacteriology of bronchial secretions. Proposals for a practical attitude in bacterial respiratory tract infections].

The inadequacy of the standard bacteriological method in the study of expectorations is unanimously accepted. Oropharyngeal contamination of specimens largely explains why this examination is a poor index of the causative organisms in bacterial respiratory infections. In a mixed clinical situation with few or non-specific signs of bacterial infection and of variable severity, the physician should answer two questions: 1) Is it a bacterial infection? 2) What is the causative organism? and their corollary: 1) Should one prescribe an antibiotic? 2) Which one? Only culture of blood or pleural fluid allow an accurate reply to these questions in about 50% of cases and they are the indispensable investigations of reference.

[Experimental animal pathology. Immuno-allergic asthma (author's transl)].

One of the interests of experimental animal work is the power to analyse a given pathophysiological mechanism and also the privilege of witnessing its appearance. Immuno-allergic asthma, mediated by specific IgE of an allergen only represents one aetiological form, among many others, that make up the clinical spectrum of asthma in the human species. It is, however, the type of asthma whose experimental reproduction, a priori, is the most easily reproduced and has been the most tested.

[Panlobular emphysema. Value of radiology to assess the need for surgery (author's transl)].

Surgical decompression in 12 patients with panlobular emphysema and severe respiratory insufficiency, over the last 5 years, gave encouraging postoperative results. Preoperative radiological examination results were well correlated with findings during operation. Signs of thoracic distention and diffuse peripheral hypovascularization were noted in all cases.

Effects of the administration of O2 on ventilation and blood gases in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during acute respiratory failure.

The effects of the administration of 100% oxygen on minute ventilation (VE) and arterial blood gases were studied in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during acute respiratory failure. The administration of O2 resulted in an early decrease in VE, which averaged 18% +/- 2 SE of the control VE, and was due to a decrease in both tidal volume (VT) and respiratory frequency (f). This was followed by a slow increase in VE, such that after 15 min of breathing O2, VE rose to 93 +/- 6% of the control room air value, with both VT and f similar to control values.

SO2-induced bronchopathy in the rat: abnormal permeability of the bronchial epithelium in vivo and in vitro after anatomic recovery.

The effects of different SO2 exposures on the uptake and transport of exogenous proteins by the tracheobronchial epithelium were investigated in vivo and in vitro using explanted tissue from rat lungs. By optical and electron microscopy, modifications in ferritin uptake and transport were observed, depending on SO2 exposure and on subsequent structural changes; these changes involved a considerable increase in mucosal permeability, both in vivo and in vitro, affecting the epithelium of the trachea and main bronchi. Such an increase, although reduced, was observed 3 months after SO2 exposure had been discontinued, at a time when the structure appeared normal.

[Therapy of enlarging emphysematous bullae during acute respiratory failure (author's transl)].

The authors report results of transthoracic drainage of enlarging emphysematous bullae in patients with acute respiratory failure and chronic lung disease. In two cases, patients survived the acute failure. Respectively six months and one year later, bulla was smaller than before the failure and respiratory symptoms and function tests were improved.

[Surgical treatment of bullae in diffuse emphysema (author's transl)].

The authors present short and medium-term results of bullae surgery in patients with severe panacinar emphysema. There were no deaths. Almost always (8/9) dramatic subjective and significant objective functional results are encouraging.

[Extensive bronchial dystrophy. Physiopathology and treatment of suppurative complications (author's transl)].

Extensive bronchial dystrophy differs by its histopathology, course and treatment from chronic obstructive bronchitis. This dystrophy leads to cavities which are virtually constantly infected. The extension of infection to adjacent alveoli may be dramatic, contrasting with underlying slight chronic respiratory failure.

Experimental modifications induced by membrane oxygenators on lung ultrastructure in dogs and baboons.

Extracorporeal circulation with membrane oxygenator (E.C.M.

[Surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot with an iatrogenic obstruction on 1 branch of the pulmonary artery].

The au;hors report 12 cases of Fallot' tetralogy with stenosis or obstruction of one of the two branches of the pulmonary artery following palliative anterior anastomosis. The complications of correction by open heart surgery include the frequent incidence of pulmonary hypertension, which was responsible for 4 deaths. No satisfactory explanation could be found for these poor results.