A Community Needs Assessment and Implementation Planning for a Community Exercise Program for Survivors of Stroke: Protocol for a Pilot Hybrid Type I Clinical Effectiveness and Implementation Study.

Background: Physical activity and exercise are important aspects of maintaining health. People with mobility impairments, including survivors of stroke, are less likely to exercise and at greater risk of developing or worsening chronic health conditions. Increasing accessible, desired options for exercise may address the gap in available physical activity programs, provide an opportunity for continued services after rehabilitation, and cultivate social connections for people after stroke and others with mobility impairments.

Goal Setting for Aging Adults and Care Partners: A Scoping Review.

Background And Objectives: Evidence demonstrates that goal-setting and care partner support help aging adults improve their health. Less is known about how aging adults and care partners collaboratively participate in goal setting, revealing a potential gap in care delivery processes. The current review describes the scope of the literature on this topic.

Associations between skeletal muscle energetics and accelerometry-based performance fatigability: Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging.

Performance fatigability is typically experienced as insufficient energy to complete daily physical tasks, particularly with advancing age, often progressing toward dependency. Thus, understanding the etiology of performance fatigability, especially cellular-level biological mechanisms, may help to delay the onset of mobility disability. We hypothesized that skeletal muscle energetics may be important contributors to performance fatigability.

Preferences on Delivery of Cancer Rehabilitation Services for Cancer-Related Disability Among Older Individuals Surviving Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Older individuals surviving breast cancer often encounter cancer-related disability as a short-term or long-term effect of cancer and related treatment. Cancer rehabilitation interventions have the potential to prevent, mitigate, or remediate cancer-related disability. However, use of these services remains limited.

Validation of the Pittsburgh Performance Fatigability Index in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging.

Background: The Pittsburgh Performance Fatigability Index (PPFI) quantifies the percent decline in cadence using accelerometry during standardized walking tasks. Although PPFI has shown strong correlations with physical performance, the developmental sample was relatively homogenous and small, necessitating further validation.

Methods: Participants from the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (N = 805, age = 76.

Implementing CAPABLE With Care Partners Through an Area Agency on Aging: Identifying Barriers and Facilitators Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Background And Objectives: Community Aging in Place, Advancing Better Living for Elders (CAPABLE) is an evidence-based intervention to promote aging in place. Although CAPABLE has been implemented in more than 40 community sites, wide variation in implementation exists. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), this study sought to determine key barriers and facilitators that may influence CAPABLE implementation with older adult and care partner dyads through an area agency on aging (AAA).

Development of a Novel Accelerometry-Based Performance Fatigability Measure for Older Adults.

Introduction: Efforts to study performance fatigability have been limited because of measurement constrains. Accelerometry and advanced statistical methods may enable us to quantify performance fatigability more granularly via objective detection of performance decline. Thus, we developed the Pittsburgh Performance Fatigability Index (PPFI) using triaxial raw accelerations from wrist-worn accelerometer from two in-laboratory 400-m walks.

Development of an intervention influencing activity limitations in older breast cancer survivors: A modified Delphi study.

Introduction: Older breast cancer survivors have difficulty accessing rehabilitation interventions addressing activity limitations. Stakeholder input may improve accessibility of interventions. We sought expert consensus on intervention content and delivery features (e.

Planning for a Healthy Aging Program to Reduce Sedentary Behavior: Perceptions among Diverse Older Adults.

Reducing prolonged engagement in sedentary behavior is increasingly considered a viable pathway to older-adult health and continued functional ability. Community-based programs that aim to increase physical activity can improve programs' acceptability by integrating older adults' perspectives on sedentary behavior and healthy aging into their design. The purpose of this study was to better understand the perceptions of a diverse group of community-dwelling older adults regarding sedentary behavior and its influence on healthy aging.

Modified Application of Cardiac Rehabilitation in Older Adults (MACRO) Trial: Protocol changes in a pragmatic multi-site randomized controlled trial in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Older adults are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease and functional decline, often leading to deterioration and dependency. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) provides opportunity to improve clinical and functional recovery, yet participation in CR decreases with age. Modified Application of CR in Older Adults (MACRO) is a National Institute on Aging (NIA)-funded pragmatic trial that responds to this gap by aiming to increase enrollment of older adults into CR and improving functional outcomes.

Factors influencing utilization of cancer rehabilitation services among older breast cancer survivors in the USA: a qualitative study.

Purpose: Many older breast cancer survivors experience long-term disability due to cancer and cancer-related treatments. However, less than 20% of older breast cancer survivors utilize cancer rehabilitation services to address cancer-related disability. Further understanding of survivor experiences may reveal strategies to improve uptake cancer rehabilitation services in the USA.

Impact of non-pharmacological interventions on activity limitations and participation restrictions in older breast cancer survivors: A scoping review.

Cancer-related disability is a complex problem for older breast cancer survivors. One aspect of cancer-related disability is a survivor's inability to complete meaningful daily activities and engage in life roles, referred to as activity limitations and participation restrictions respectively. There is a limited understanding of how interventions influence activity limitations and participation restrictions in this population.

Community Aging in Place, Advancing Better Living for Elders (CAPABLE) program: Understanding the potential involvement of care partners.

Older adults frequently turn to care partners for support to remain in their homes for as long as possible. Yet, many evidence-based home and community programs to support ageing in place do not formally involve care partners. This study sought to understand how to involve care partners in the Community Aging in Place, Advancing Better Living for Elders (CAPABLE) program.

Stimulating Research to Enhance Aging in Place.

Older adults may benefit from interventions to successfully age in place. Research has an opportunity to test interventions and implementation strategies to fulfill the needs of older adults through collective evidence building. The purpose of this article is to describe the proceedings of the American Occupational Therapy Foundation (AOTF) 2019 Planning Grant Collective and describe the areas of research that were identified as critical.

Validating Goal Attainment in Veterans Undergoing Decompressive Laminectomy: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: Although decompressive laminectomy (DL) for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common procedure among older adults, it is unclear whether surgical definitions of success translate into patient-defined success. Using goal attainment scaling (GAS) to compare goal achievement between individuals, we investigated the relationship between surgical-defined functional recovery and achievement of personalized goals in patients who underwent DL for LSS.

Participants: Twenty-eight community-dwelling veterans scheduled to undergo DL.

Serological landscape of cytokines in cutaneous melanoma.

Background: To date, serological markers to monitor melanoma progression and response to therapy are lacking. In this context cytokines appear to be promising biomarkers of the disease.

Objective: To compare cytokine and chemokine levels in melanoma patients and in healthy controls and to assess possible variations according to melanoma stage.

Intergenerational inheritance of high fat diet-induced cardiac lipotoxicity in Drosophila.

Obesity is strongly correlated with lipotoxic cardiomyopathy, heart failure and thus mortality. The incidence of obesity has reached alarming proportions worldwide, and increasing evidence suggests that the parents' nutritional status may predispose their offspring to lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. However, to date, mechanisms underlying intergenerational heart disease risks have yet to be elucidated.

The feasibility of an automatic prompting system in assisting people with traumatic brain injury in cooking tasks.

Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often experience difficulties in performing kitchen-related sequencing tasks due to cognitive deficits. The primary aim of this study is to examine the feasibility of a context-aware automatic prompting system in assisting individuals with TBI in multi-step cooking tasks. Sixteen individuals with TBI participated in the study.

Feasibility of Integrating Occupational Therapy Into a Care Coordination Program for Aging in Place.

Objective: We examined the feasibility and benefit of integrating occupational therapy into a long-term services and supports (LTSS) care coordination program for aging in place.

Method: Clients referred to occupational therapy during a 16-wk trial were evaluated with the In-Home Occupational Performance Evaluation and received education on strategies for aging in place. Clients who indicated readiness for change were assisted in setting personalized goals with goal attainment scaling and received four additional occupational therapy visits.

SWI/SNF-directed stem cell lineage specification: dynamic composition regulates specific stages of skeletal myogenesis.

SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes are key regulators of the epigenetic modifications that determine whether stem cells maintain pluripotency or commit toward specific lineages through development and during postnatal life. Dynamic combinatorial assembly of multiple variants of SWI/SNF subunits is emerging as the major determinant of the functional versatility of SWI/SNF. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the structural and functional properties of the alternative SWI/SNF complexes that direct stem cell fate toward skeletal muscle lineage and control distinct stages of skeletal myogenesis.

Performance-Based Impairment Measures as Predictors of Early-Stage Activity Limitations in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objective: The objective of the current investigation was to explore performance-based predictors of decline in the performance quality of everyday tasks as a first step for early identification, screening, and referral to minimize disability in community-dwelling older adults.

Method: This was a secondary analysis of data from 256 community-based older women. Mobility, activities of daily living (ADLs), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) were measured using the Performance Assessment of Self-Care Skills (PASS).

Samvisterin, a new natural antiplasmodial betulin derivative from Uapaca paludosa (Euphorbiaceae).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Uapaca paludosa is used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria.

Materials And Methods: A bioguided fractionation of U. paludosa trunk bark extracts was performed on the basis of their antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum.

Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) in geriatric primary care: a feasibility study.

Objective: Evaluate the feasibility of generating patient-centered goals using GAS with older adults who have multiple chronic conditions, recruited through primary care.

Method: Adults age 65+ (N=27) were recruited from a geriatric primary care center. Participants were asked to identify 2-4 activity-based goals and set attainment levels using GAS.

Evaluating capacity to live independently and safely in the community: Performance Assessment of Self-care Skills.

To determine clients' capacity for community living, occupational therapists must use measures that capture the person-task-environment transaction and compare clients' task performance to a performance standard. The Performance Assessment of Self-care Skills, a performance-based, criterion-referenced, observational tool, fulfills this purpose. In this practice analysis, using data from this tool from multiple clinical studies (N = 941), the authors describe tasks that clients from various diagnostic populations could and could not perform independently and safely.

A possible role for CD8+ T lymphocytes in the cell-mediated pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disease whose pathogenesis involves both humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Though the pathogenetic role of autoantibodies directed against desmoglein 3 is certain, a number of other factors have been suggested to determine acantholysis in PV. In this study we examined the possible role of CD8+ T cells in the development of acantholysis by a passive transfer of PV autoantibodies using CD8 deficient mice, and we also studied the inflammatory infiltrate of PV skin lesions by immunohistochemical staining.