sp. nov., isolated from surface of the maize () roots in a horticulture field, Hungary.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacterium with peritrichous flagella, designated as P96 was isolated from the surface of maize roots. Strain P96 grew optimally at 28 °C, pH 7.0.

Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells and HLA Expression as Potential Biomarkers Predicting Response to PD-1 Inhibitor Therapy in Stage IV Melanoma Patients.

PD-1 inhibitors are known to be effective in melanoma; however, a considerable proportion of patients fail to respond to therapy, necessitating the identification of predictive markers. We examined the predictive value of tumor cell HLA class I and II expression and immune cell infiltration in melanoma patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors. Pretreatment surgical samples from 40 stage IV melanoma patients were studied immunohistochemically for melanoma cell expression of HLA class I molecules (using four antibody clones with different specificities), HLA-II, and immune cell infiltration (using a panel of 10 markers).

[Molecular pathology of lung adenocarcinomas, EGFR T790M resistance mutation study].

Aim: In our institute, we have been testing EGFR T790M resistance mutations since 2019, which is the most common resistance mutation that develops during first-line, second- line EGFR TKI treatment of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinomas. The importance of this study is that the identification of this mutation will allow the use of an effective third-generation TKI. In this article, we report on studies from January 2022 to August 2024, compared with our results from the 2019-2021 period.

[Molecular pathology of gastrointestinal neoplasms].

The molecular pathological examination of solid tumors is essential not only for supporting histological diagnosis but also for detecting hereditary variations and predictive biomarkers. Analyzing predictive markers is fundamental to personalized cancer therapy, directly affecting patient care through pathological testing. These analyses employ both traditional immunohistochemical staining methods and molecular genetic techniques.

[Predictive markers in gynaecological, prostate, and breast cancers].

The implementation of targeted therapies in oncology has brought significant improvement in the treatment of many solid tumours. At the same time, pathological and molecular pathological diagnostics became more important. Today, there are hardly any solid tumours that do not require predictive biomarker testing.

Glucocorticoid Receptor Isoforms in Breast Cancer Raise Implications for Personalised Supportive Therapies.

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation may promote metastasis in oestrogen receptor-negative and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the role of the GRβ isoform, which has opposing effects to the main isoform, has not been studied in clinical samples. We aimed to analyse the intracellular localisation of total GR and GRβ in vitro using plasmid constructs and fluorescent immunocytochemistry.

Descriptive Analysis of Common Fusion Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Hungary.

Thyroid cancer is the most common type of endocrine malignancy. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is its predominant subtype, which is responsible for the vast majority of cases. It is true that PTC is a malignant tumor with a very good prognosis due to effective primary therapeutic approaches such as thyroidectomy and radioiodine (RAI) therapy.

[Retrospective analysis of metaplastic breast cancer cases].

Metaplastic breast tumour is a rare, aggressive, mostly triple- negative, dedifferentiated malignancy, which poorly responds to chemotherapy compared to other invasive breast tumours. Since 2000, the WHO has considered it as a separate entity among breast tumours. Given the extremely poor prognosis of the tumour, more studies are needed to establish the most effective treatment strategy supported by data to increase overall survival.

TMPRSS2::ETS translocation in nonprostatic malignancies: an unexpected finding in thymic carcinoma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

TMPRSS2::ETS fusions occur in about half of the prostate adenocarcinomas and are generally considered characteristic and even diagnostic of this tumour. Despite this fact, the frequency of this fusion is not well established in other tumour types. Incidental identification of a TMPRSS2::ETV1 fusion in a thymic squamous cell carcinoma prompted us to assess 1758 solid tumours by next-generation sequencing panel for TMPRSS2::ETS fusions, including 1690 non-prostatic malignancies.

MicroRNA Profiling in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Genetic alterations are well known to be related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Some miRNA expression dysregulations have previously been described in the context of cancer development including thyroid carcinoma. In our study, we performed original molecular diagnostics on tissue samples related to our own patients.

No Correlation between PD-L1 and NIS Expression in Lymph Node Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Approximately 90% of thyroid cancers are differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs), originating from follicular epithelial cells. Out of these, 90% are papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and 10% are follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). The standard care procedure for PTC includes surgery, followed by radioiodine (RAI) ablation and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppressive therapy.

[Incidentally discovered ectopic tissue in the central neck region (level VI) of the neck - A case series, retrospective analysis and literature review].

The thymus derives from the third branchial pouch, which migrates to the mediastinum through the central region of the neck. During the migration, particles split off and develop separately. The prevalence of ectopic thymus is 20-40%.

[Mutation frequency of homologous recombination repair genes in prostate adenocarcinomas].

The best predictive marker for the expected efficacy of PARP inhibitor therapy is mutations in BRCA1/2 or other homologous recombination repair genes. These tests are part of routine molecular pathology diagnostics. Among 281 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma, somatic pathogenic mutations in one of these genes were identified in 21.

Temporal changes in the morphological and microbial diversity of biofilms on the surface of a submerged stone in the Danube River.

Epilithic biofilms are ubiquitous in large river environments and are crucial for biogeochemical processes, but their community structures and functions remain poorly understood. In this paper, the seasonal succession in the morphological structure and the taxonomic composition of an epilithic bacterial biofilm community at a polluted site of the Danube River were followed using electron microscopy, high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and multiplex/taxon-specific PCRs. The biofilm samples were collected from the same submerged stone and carried out bimonthly in the littoral zone of the Danube River, downstream of a large urban area.

Application of comprehensive molecular genetic profiling in precision cancer medicine, Hungarian experiences.

Unlabelled: Recent developments in molecular genetic testing methods (e.g. next-generation sequencing [NGS]-panels) largely accelerated the process of finding the most appropriate targeted therapeutic intervention for cancer patients based on molecularly targetable genetic alterations.

Ewing Sarcoma of the Larynx with Thyroid Cartilage Destruction: A Case Report.

Ewing sarcoma of the larynx is extremely rare, only a few number of cases have been reported. In this report, we describe a case of extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma of the larynx with thyroid cartilage destruction. Laryngoscope, 134:4577-4581, 2024.

EZH2 Expression in Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Cancer in Young Patients.

EZH2 (Enhancer of zeste homolog 2) promotes tumor growth and survival through numerous mechanisms and is a promising target for novel therapeutic approaches. We aimed to characterize the expression of EZH2 in the tumors of young head-and-neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) patients in comparison with the general HNSCC patient population. We used formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 68 random young HNSCC patients (≤39 years, median age: 36 years; diagnosed between 2000 and 2018), which were compared with the samples of 58 age- and gender-matched general HNSCC subjects (median age: 62 years; all diagnosed in the year 2014).

Linking antibiotic resistance gene patterns with advanced faecal pollution assessment and environmental key parameters along 2300 km of the Danube River.

The global spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment is a growing health threat. Large rivers are of particular concern as they are highly impacted by wastewater discharge while being vital lifelines serving various human needs. A comprehensive understanding of occurrence, spread and key drivers of AMR along whole river courses is largely lacking.

Comparison of Follicular Helper T-Cell Markers with the Expression of the Follicular Homing Marker CXCR5 in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas-A Reappraisal of Follicular Helper T-Cell Lymphomas.

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) expressing multiple follicular T helper (TFH) cell-related antigens are now classified as TFH lymphomas (TFHL), including angioimmunoblastic, follicular, and not otherwise specified (NOS) types. CXCR5 is the TFH cell-defining chemokine receptor that, together with its ligand CXCL13, plays a critical role in the development of follicles and the positioning of TFH and B cells within follicles. A comprehensive immunomorphologic study was performed to investigate the expression pattern of CXCR5 in a large cohort of nodal PTCLs, particularly those with a TFH cell phenotype, and to compare its expression with six other TFH cell-related antigens.

Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 (SERCA3) expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumours.

Accurate characterisation of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) is important for prognosis and the choice of targeted therapies. Histologically the diagnosis relies on positive immunostaining of tumours for KIT (CD117) and DOG1. Here we report that GISTs also abundantly express the type 3 Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA3).