Metabolic tumor volume on FDG-PET/CT is a possible prognostic factor for Stage I lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy: a retrospective clinical study.

The aim of this study was to determine whether metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) are associated with outcomes in Stage I lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Thirty-eight patients underwent [F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG-PET/CT) within 60 days before SBRT at our institution between January 2001 and December 2011. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV), MTV, MTV, MTV, TLG, TLG and TLG were calculated.

Radiation Therapy Is a Reasonable Option for Improving the Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Radiation therapy (RT) may be suitable for treating patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are difficult to treat with any other option. However, it remains unclear whether RT extends survival in these patients. Among the 957 HCC patients treated at Tohoku University Hospital from January 2007 to December 2013, only 49 patients received RT.

Long-term results of chemoradiotherapy for stage II-III thoracic esophageal cancer in a single institution after 2000 -with a focus on comparison of three protocols.

Background: To evaluate the long-term results of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for stage II-III thoracic esophageal cancer mainly by comparing results of three protocols retrospectively.

Methods: Between 2000 and 2012, 298 patients with stage II-III thoracic esophageal cancer underwent CRT. Patients in Group A received two cycles of cisplatin (CDDP) at 70 mg/m(2) (day 1 and 29) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) at 700 mg/m(2)/24 h (day 1-4 and 29-32) with radiotherapy (RT) of 60 Gy without a break.

Chemoradiotherapy for T4 and/or M1 lymph node esophageal cancer: experience since 2000 at a high-volume center in Japan.

Purpose: To review data for patients with stage T4 and/or M1 lymph node (lym) esophageal cancer who have been treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy since 2000 at a high-volume center in Japan.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with T4 and/or M1 lym esophageal cancer who were treated by definitive chemoradiotherapy between 2000 and 2010. The eligibility criteria included (1) histopathologically proven esophageal cancer, (2) T4 and/or M1 lym (UICC 2002), (3) 20-79 years of age, (4) having undergone at least 1 cycle of concomitant chemotherapy, (5) having been irradiated with ≥ 50 Gy, and (6) having no other active malignant tumor during treatment.

Formula corrected maximal standardized uptake value in FDG-PET for partial volume effect and motion artifact is not a prognostic factor in stage I non-small cell lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy.

Objective: It is known that the partial volume effect and respiratory motion blur affect quantitative parameters such as the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in FDG-PET, especially in small lesions. The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of corrected SUVmax, which was corrected SUVmax for the partial volume effect and respiratory motion blur, in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after treatment with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Methods: Fifty-one patients who were treated with SBRT between 2005 and 2011 in our institute were enrolled.

Assessment of myocardial metabolic disorder associated with mediastinal radiotherapy for esophageal cancer -a pilot study.

Background: To evaluate the dose-effect relations for myocardial metabolic disorders after mediastinal radiotherapy (RT) by performing iodine-123 β-methyl-iodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (I-123 BMIPP) scintigraphy.

Methods: Between 2011 and 2012, we performed I-123 BMIPP scintigraphy for patients with esophageal cancer before and six months after curative mediastinal RT. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images of pre-RT and post-RT were registered into RT dose distributions.

Impact of tumor attachment to the pleura measured by a pretreatment CT image on outcome of stage I NSCLC treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy.

Background: Pleural invasion status is known to be a predictor of survival after pulmonary resection for non-small cell lung cancer. Our goal was to determine whether the length of tumor attachment to the pleura on a pretreatment CT image has prognostic value as an alternative to pleural invasion status for stage I non-small cell lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Methods: A total of 90 tumors in 87 patients (males: 68, females: 19) who received SBRT between March 2005 and September 2011 in our institution were reviewed.

Outcomes after stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung tumors, with emphasis on comparison of primary lung cancer and metastatic lung tumors.

Background: The goal of this study was to determine the prognostic factors associated with an improved overall outcome after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for primary lung cancer and metastatic lung tumors.

Methods: A total of 229 lung tumors in 201 patients were included in the study. SBRT of 45 Gy in 3 fractions, 48 Gy in 4 fractions, 60 Gy in 8 fractions or 60 Gy in 15 fractions was typically used to treat 172 primary lungs cancer in 164 patients and 57 metastatic lung tumors in 37 patients between January 2001 and December 2011.

Evaluation of various deformable image registration algorithms for thoracic images.

We evaluated the accuracy of one commercially available and three publicly available deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms for thoracic four-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) images. Five patients with esophagus cancer were studied. Datasets of the five patients were provided by DIR-lab (dir-lab.

Long-term results of radiotherapy combined with nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil for postoperative loco-regional recurrent esophageal cancer: update on a phase II study.

Background: In 2006, we reported the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy for postoperative recurrent esophageal cancer with a median observation period of 18 months. The purpose of the present study was to update the results of radiotherapy combined with nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for postoperative loco-regional recurrent esophageal cancer.

Methods: Between 2000 and 2004, we performed a phase II study on treatment of postoperative loco-regional recurrent esophageal cancer with radiotherapy (60 Gy/30 fractions/6 weeks) combined with chemotherapy consisting of two cycles of nedaplatin (70 mg/m2/2 h) and 5-FU (500 mg/m2/24 h for 5 days).

Prognostic factors for local control of stage I non-small cell lung cancer in stereotactic radiotherapy: a retrospective analysis.

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic factors of stereotactic radiotherapy for stage I NSCLC to improve outcomes.

Methods: Stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients who were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy between 2005 and 2009 at our hospital were enrolled in this study. The primary endpoint was local control rate.

Treatment outcome of high-dose image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy using intra-prostate fiducial markers for localized prostate cancer at a single institute in Japan.

Background: Several studies have confirmed the advantages of delivering high doses of external beam radiotherapy to achieve optimal tumor-control outcomes in patients with localized prostate cancer. We evaluated the medium-term treatment outcome after high-dose, image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using intra-prostate fiducial markers for clinically localized prostate cancer.

Methods: In total, 141 patients with localized prostate cancer treated with image-guided IMRT (76 Gy in 13 patients and 80 Gy in 128 patients) between 2003 and 2008 were enrolled in this study.

Intraoperative radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer: 30-year experience in a single institution in Japan.

Purpose: To analyze retrospectively the results of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with or without external beam radiotherapy (± EBRT) for localized pancreatic cancer in the past three decades and to analyze prognostic factors by multivariate analysis.

Methods And Materials: Records for 322 patients with pancreatic cancer treated by IORT ± EBRT in Tohoku University Hospital between 1980 and 2009 were reviewed. One hundred ninety-two patients who had no distant organ metastases or dissemination at the time of laparotomy were enrolled in the present study.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report.

Introduction: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is an acquired disorder of hemopoiesis and is characterized by recurrent episodes of intravascular hemolysis due to an increased sensitivity to complement-mediated hemolysis. Systemic lupus erythematosus with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is very rare. We report a case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria that developed in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.

Long-term results of radiochemotherapy for solitary lymph node metastasis after curative resection of esophageal cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and toxicity of definitive radiochemotherapy for solitary lymph node metastasis after curative surgery of esophageal cancer.

Methods And Materials: We performed a retrospective review of 35 patients who underwent definitive radiochemotherapy at Tohoku University Hospital between 2000 and 2009 for solitary lymph node metastasis after curative esophagectomy with lymph node dissection for esophageal cancer. Radiotherapy doses ranged from 60 to 66 Gy (median, 60 Gy).

Impact of pathological tumor stage for salvage radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate-specific antigen < 1.0 ng/ml.

Background: To evaluate prognostic factors in salvage radiotherapy (RT) for patients with pre-RT prostate-specific antigen (PSA) < 1.0 ng/ml.

Methods: Between January 2000 and December 2009, 102 patients underwent salvage RT for biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Novel mutations of the GLA gene in Japanese patients with Fabry disease and their functional characterization by active site specific chaperone.

Fabry disease is an X-linked recessive inborn metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (EC 3.2.1.

Carbon ion radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer using a regimen of four fractions during 1 week.

Background: A phase I/II study was first conducted for the treatment of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from 1994 to 1999 to determine the optimal dose. On the basis on the results, a phase II study using a regimen of four fractions during 1 week was performed. The purpose of the present study was to determine the local control and 5-year survival rates.

Curative treatment of Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer with carbon ion beams using a hypofractionated regimen.

Purpose: A phase I/II study on carbon ion radiotherapy for Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was first conducted between 1994 and 1999 and determined the optimal dose. Second, a Phase II study using the optimal dose was performed. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the local control and 5-year survival rates.

The utility of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for early diagnosis of radiation-induced myocardial damage.

Purpose: We evaluated the clinical significance of focal increased uptake in the basal myocardium on F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in patients with esophageal cancer after radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: Between August 2004 and July 2005, a total of 64 patients who had been irradiated for thoracic esophageal cancer underwent FDG-PET at least three months after the completion of chemoradiotherapy. Some patients showed increased FDG uptake in the basal portion of the myocardium.

Results of radiation therapy combined with nedaplatin (cis-diammine-glycoplatinum) and 5-fluorouracil for postoperative locoregional recurrent esophageal cancer.

Background: Although the effectiveness of radiotherapy with concurrent administration of several anti-tumor drugs for postoperative recurrent esophageal cancer has been demonstrated, the results are not satisfactory. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy combined with nedaplatin and 5-FU for postoperative locoregional (excluding hematogenous metastasis) recurrent esophageal cancer.

Methods: In June 2000, we started a phase II study on treatment of postoperative locoregional recurrent esophageal cancer with radiotherapy (60 Gy/30 fr/6 weeks) combined with chemotherapy consisting of two cycles of nedaplatin (70 mg/m2/2 h) and 5-FU (500 mg/m2/24 h for 5 days).

Salvage radiation therapy for residual superficial esophageal cancer after endoscopic mucosal resection.

Purpose: To analyze the outcomes of radiation therapy for patients with residual superficial esophageal cancer (rSEC) after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR).

Methods And Materials: From May 1996 to October 2002, a total of 30 rSEC patients without lymph node metastasis received radiation therapy at Tohoku University Hospital and associated hospitals. The time interval from EMR to start of radiation therapy ranged from 9 to 73 days (median interval, 40 days).

Overview of clinical experiences on carbon ion radiotherapy at NIRS.

Background And Purpose: Carbon ion beams provide physical and biological advantages over photons. This study summarizes the experiences of carbon ion radiotherapy at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences.

Materials And Methods: Between June 1994 and August 2003, a total of 1601 patients with various types of malignant tumors were enrolled in phase I/II dose-escalation studies and clinical phase II studies.

Involvement of tonsils in IgA nephropathy.

This study was intended to clarify the involvement of tonsils in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. In 62 patients with IgA nephropathy and 20 patients with other renal diseases, their tonsils were stimulated by an ultra short wave. Forty of 62 patients with IgA nephropathy (65%) showed a deterioration of urinary findings after the stimulation compared with six of 20 patients with other renal diseases (30%).

Thrombin stimulates production of fibronectin by human proximal tubular epithelial cells via a transforming growth factor-beta-dependent mechanism.

Background: Tubulointerstitial fibrosis contributes to the progression of many forms of glomerular disease and to end-stage renal failure. Inflammatory mediators generated during glomerular injury may induce tubulointerstitial lesions by stimulating tubular cells. Thrombin has multiple biological functions in addition to its role in haemostasis and has been detected in the urine of patients with glomerular diseases.