An extreme thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus produces more than 20 unusual polyamines, but their biosynthetic pathways, including homospermidine, are not yet fully understood. Two types of homospermidine synthases have been identified in plants and bacteria, which use spermidine and putrescine or two molecules of putrescine as substrates. However, homospermidine synthases with such substrate specificity have not been identified in T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gen Appl Microbiol
November 2023
Thermus thermophilus is reportedly polyploid and carries four to five identical genome copies per cell, based on molecular biological experiments. To directly detect polyploidy in this bacterium, we performed live cell imaging by X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) diffraction and observed its internal structures. The use of femtosecond XFEL pulses enables snapshots of live, undamaged cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the three domains of life, three biosynthetic pathways are known for putrescine. The first route is conversion of ornithine to putrescine by ornithine decarboxylase (ODC: SpeC), the second route is the conversion of arginine to agmatine by arginine decarboxylase (ADC: SpeA), followed by the conversion of agmatine to putrescine by agmatine ureohydrolase (AUH: SpeB), and the third route is the conversion of agmatine to N-carbamoylputrescine by agmatine deiminase (agmatine iminohydrolase, AIH), followed by the conversion of N-carbamoylputrescine to putrescine by N-carbamoylputrescine amidohydrolase (NCPAH). An extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus produces putrescine, although this bacterium lacks homologs for putrescine synthesizing pathways, such as ODC, AUH, AIH and NCPAH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn extreme thermophile, , produces 16 different polyamines including long-chain and branched-chain polyamines. The composition and content of polyamines in the thermophile cells change not only with growth temperature but also with pH changes. In particular, cell growth decreased greatly at alkaline medium together with significant changes in the composition and content of polyamines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus grows at an optimum temperature of around 70°C and produces 16 different polyamines including long-chain and branched-chain polyamines. We found that the composition of polyamines in the thermophile cells changes with culture temperature. Long-chain and branched-chain polyamines (unusual polyamines) were increased in the cells grown at high temperature such as 80°C, but they were minor components in the cells grown at relatively lower temperature such as 60°C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 66-year-old woman underwent total mastectomy with level Ⅰ and Ⅱ axillary lymph node dissection for right breast cancer in July 2007. The pathology results indicated the presence of T2N0M0 invasive ductal carcinoma(tubule forming type), that was estrogen receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor 2-negative. She received postoperative adjuvant therapy with oral anastrozole(ANA)for 5 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 62-year-old woman underwent upper endoscopy in January 2009 to reveal the presence of an extrinsic compression measuring approximately 3 cm in the anterior wall of the gastric antrum. Further examinations suggested that it was caused by peritoneal cancer of an unknown origin; thus, staging laparoscopy was performed in May 2009. Multiple white nodules of varying sizes were found scattered throughout the right upper quadrant of the abdomen and the right abdomen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe isolated strains HB5002 and HB5008 from Mine Hot Spring in Japan. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that they showed ∼100% average nucleotide identity to each other, ≥98.53% to the strains originating from the same spot but ≤97.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe isolated strain HB5018 from Mine Hot Spring in Japan, where the type strain HB8 was isolated nearly half a century ago. The complete genome sequence of HB5018 showed 99.1% average nucleotide identity with HB8, suggesting strict species conservation in the habitat over the past 50 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom
September 2020
d-Amino acids are physiologically important components of peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall, maintaining cell structure and aiding adaptation to environmental changes through peptidoglycan remodelling. Therefore, the biosynthesis of d-amino acids is essential for bacteria to adapt to different environmental conditions. The peptidoglycan of the extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus contains d-alanine (d-Ala) and d-glutamate (d-Glu), but its d-amino acid metabolism remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 65-year-old woman underwent mastectomy and dissection of a level I axillary lymph node in January 2002 for left breast cancer. The diagnosis was T1N0M0 scirrhous carcinoma that was estrogen receptor-positive, progesterone receptorpositive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative. After 3 years 10 months, during which the patient underwent adjuvant therapy with oral aromatase inhibitors, she developed bilateral multiple lung metastases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThermus thermophilus is an extremely thermophilic eubacterium that produces various polyamines. Aminopropylagmatine ureohydrolase (SpeB) and SAM decarboxylase-like protein 1 (SpeD1) are involved in the biosynthesis of spermidine from arginine. Because long and branched polyamines in T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn 82-year-old man, who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) with the right gastroepiploic artery( RGEA) 13 years previously, suffered with abdominal pain after meal and tarry stools, and was diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer. Gastroscopy revealed an advanced Borrmann type 4 cancer at the lesser curvature of the gastric body to the pyloric ring. The gastrogram showed poor extension and stenosis at the same part.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging X-ray free-electron lasers with femtosecond pulse duration enable single-shot snapshot imaging almost free from sample damage by outrunning major radiation damage processes. In bioimaging, it is essential to keep the sample close to its natural state. Conventional high-resolution imaging, however, suffers from severe radiation damage that hinders live cell imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To determine whether remnant pancreatic volume (RPV), subcutaneous/visceral adipose tissue(SAT/VAT) area, and skeletal muscle (SM) area calculated from preoperative computed tomography (CT) can predict the occurrence of pancreatic anastomotic failure (PAF) after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).
Background: Increased body mass index, small main pancreatic duct, and soft pancreatic texture are well-established predictors of PAF after PD. The impact on PAF of anthropomorphic measurements, such as RPV and body composition, is unknown.
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the early postoperative hematological changes after spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SpDP) with preservation of the splenic artery and vein (PSAV).
Methods: We reviewed 53 patients who underwent SpDP with PSAV (n = 21) or distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS; n = 32) for benign or low-grade malignant lesions between July 1998 and June 2010. Red and white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count, serum hemoglobin, hematocrit, C-reactive protein, albumin level, and clinical factors were compared between the SpDP with PSAV and DPS.
Pancreatic schwannomas are rare neoplasms. Authors briefly describe a 64-year-old female patient with cystic pancreatic schwannoma mimicking other cystic tumors and review the literature. Databases for PubMed were searched for English-language articles from 1980 to 2010 using a list of keywords, as well as references from review articles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: There have been only a few reports on follow-up results of serous cystic neoplasm (SCN) of the pancreas. The frequency of malignancy and surgical indication of SCN are not determined yet.
Methods: In this multi-institutional study of the Japan Pancreas Society, a total of 172 patients with SCN were enrolled.
Objective: To determine the occurrence of new disease in the pancreatic remnant after resection for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms.
Design: A longitudinal level II cohort study.
Setting: Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.
The process of Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) follows the adenoma-to-carcinoma sequence. If it progresses to malignancy about 5 years is required. Even though the process is slow IPMN provides the clinician with the opportunity to avoid malignancy if the patient is at risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To evaluate the efficacy of transanastomotic pancreatic duct internal stenting in the reduction of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Design: Retrospective study.
Setting: Mayo Clinic.
Objectives: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are pathologically classified as IPMN with low- or intermediate-grade dysplasia, IPMN with high-grade dysplasia, and IPMN with an associated invasive carcinoma. A stepwise carcinogenic pathway has been considered for IPMN. However, it is not obvious when surgical resection should be performed for IPMN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF