Publications by authors named "Toshiyuki Hata"

Article Synopsis
  • This study established normal reference values for global longitudinal strain (GLS) in the left and right ventricles of healthy Japanese fetuses during normal pregnancies.
  • A total of 513 healthy fetuses, between 18 and 40 weeks of gestation, were analyzed using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.
  • The findings revealed mean LV-GLS of -24.3% ± 3.5% and RV-GLS of -23.5% ± 3.7%, showing a decrease in GLS values with advancing gestation, which can help in assessing cardiac functions in fetuses with heart conditions.
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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to evaluate the growth and development of embryonic and fetal hearts using detailed ultrasound scans before 12 weeks of pregnancy.
  • - Researchers conducted transvaginal scans of 131 normal fetuses between 8 and 11 weeks, successfully measuring various cardiac parameters in 105 of them.
  • - The findings resulted in the creation of nomograms for key heart measurements, showing that certain parameters increased significantly with gestational age, while others remained consistent, enhancing our understanding of early cardiac development.
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  • * Methods: An analysis of 395 transvaginal scans conducted over a year revealed 9 cases of abnormal intra-amniotic structures, compared against 87 cases of low-lying placentas and 299 controls with normal outcomes.
  • * Results: The incidence of abnormal intra-amniotic structures was 2.28%. These cases were associated with higher rates of complications during delivery, emphasizing the importance of mid-second-trimester screening to improve perinatal health.
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Glycyrrhizin (GL) from licorice alleviates intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) injuries by interacting with high-mobility group box (HMGB) 1, an inflammatory factor. We found that GL is bioconverted by endophyte coexisting with licorice and succeeded in isolating two derivatives. The aim of this study was to identify the compound with more potent HMGB1 inhibitory activity inspired by these GL derivatives.

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  • The study aimed to evaluate the embryonic genital tubercle using transvaginal 3D ultrasound in the early weeks of gestation (8-10+6 weeks).
  • Researchers conducted 102 ultrasound scans and measured the genital tubercle angle (GTA) and length (GTL), assessing the agreement between different observers.
  • The findings showed no significant differences in GTA or GTL between male and female embryos during this period, but GTL increased steadily with gestation, indicating its growth in early pregnancy.
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  • Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a chronic condition marked by groups of foamy histiocytes, fibrosis, and various inflammatory cells, and is notably rare in the pancreas compared to its occurrence in the gallbladder or kidney.
  • A case study involves a 77-year-old woman who experienced a month of epigastric pain, leading to imaging that revealed a cystic mass in the pancreatic tail and a splenic abscess, initially suspected to be a pancreatic pseudocyst or tumor.
  • After various imaging techniques suggested potential malignancy, a distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed, ultimately revealing xanthogranulomatous pancreatitis without malignant cells.
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Spindle and giant cell type undifferentiated carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct is an uncommon malignancy. We report a case involving the common bile duct in a 72-year-old male with jaundice who was admitted to our hospital. Diagnostic imaging, including abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed a mass in the distal common bile duct, accompanied by dilatation of both intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts and regional lymph node enlargement.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therapeutic agents for the disease are being developed. Endophytes are diverse and produce various secondary metabolites and bioactive substances.

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  • The study aimed to illustrate shunt flow in small ventricular septal defects (VSDs) using advanced imaging techniques like HDlive Flow and STIC.
  • Four cases of small isolated VSDs were analyzed using color Doppler and the mentioned imaging methods.
  • The findings suggest that HDlive Flow with STIC and HDlive Silhouette offers better visualization of shunt flow compared to traditional color Doppler methods, enhancing real-time spatial recognition.
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  • This study examined the use of transvaginal color Doppler and HDlive imaging to assess umbilical cord cysts (UCCs) in early pregnancy, specifically before 11 weeks of gestation.
  • Out of 135 scans performed, 17 UCCs were identified, with their characteristics, locations, and blood flow analyzed.
  • The findings suggest that UCCs are relatively common, usually resolve on their own by 15 weeks, and are associated with positive neonatal outcomes, indicating they are typically benign.
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Objectives: To describe embryonic and fetal tiny pericardial fluid collections (PFCs) using transvaginal sonography and HDlive Silhouette at less than 12 weeks of gestation.

Methods: During an 8-month period from November 2021 to June 2022, one-hundred and thirty transvaginal scans were performed for first-trimester dating, and eleven tiny PFCs of the embryo or fetus were identified at 8+4 - 11+3 weeks of gestation (three at 8, six at 9, and two at 11 weeks). HDlive Silhouette features of PFC were evaluated.

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We compared the endophytic compositions of Artemisia plant from different environments (Japan and Indonesia) to demonstrate that the endophytic filamentous fungi in both species differed based on their environments. To prove that the species were identical, both Artemisia plants were identified by comparing the scanning electron micrographs of their pollens, as well as the nucleotide sequences (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and mitochondrial maturase K) of the two gene regions. After isolating the endophytic filamentous fungi from each plant, we observed that those from Japan and Indonesia comprised 14 and 6 genera, respectively.

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Objectives: To study whether the free energy principle can explain fetal brain activity and the existence of fetal consciousness via a chaotic dimension derived using artificial intelligence.

Methods: In this observational study, we used a four-dimensional ultrasound technique obtained to collect images of fetal faces from pregnancies at 27-37 weeks of gestation, between February and December 2021. We developed an artificial intelligence classifier that recognizes fetal facial expressions, which are thought to relate to fetal brain activity.

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In the chronic phase after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the aftereffect-associated lowering of motivation burdens many patients; however, the pathogenic mechanism is unclear. Here, we revealed for the first time that indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression and enzyme activity are increased in the collagenase-induced murine ICH model. IDO is a rate-limiting enzyme situated at the beginning of the kynurenine pathway and converts tryptophan, a source of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), to kynurenine.

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Objectives: To describe prevalence, outcome, color Doppler, and HDlive Flow (Silhouette) with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) features of isolated tortuous ductus arteriosus in Japanese fetuses at 28-31 + 6 weeks of gestation.

Methods: During a 37-month period, 3,150 fetal screenings were performed at 28-31 + 6 weeks of gestation. Isolated tortuous ductus arteriosus was evaluated using color Doppler and HDlive Flow (Silhouette) with STIC.

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Objective: To examine whether artificial intelligence can achieve discoveries regarding fetal brain activity.

Methods: In this observational study, the authors collected images of fetal faces using a four-dimensional ultrasound technique obtained from singleton pregnancies of outpatients in routine practice at 27 to 37 weeks of gestation between February 1 and December 31, 2021. The authors developed an artificial intelligence classifier to recognize seven facial expressions of fetuses, then applied it to video files of fetal facial images to generate the probabilities, as confidence scores, of each expression category.

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We investigated similar compounds to ebselen and tideglusib, which exhibit strong activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), using Molecular ACCess System (MACCS) keys. Four candidate compounds were identified. One of them, phenyl-benzothiazol-3-one, showed coronavirus-specific 3C-like (3CL) protease inhibitory activity.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to observe the development of the fetal hyaloid artery (FHA) during pregnancy using a technique called SlowflowHD, assessing 118 normal fetuses at three different gestational periods.
  • Researchers classified the FHA's presence and blood flow into six types based on various factors, such as detection and blood flow status during specific weeks of gestation.
  • Results showed that blood flow was prevalent before 30 weeks, but after that, a significant number of cases indicated no blood flow, suggesting that the presence of FHA blood flow is a normal occurrence in healthy fetuses before this period.
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Objectives: To assess fetal cardiac structures using HDlive Flow Silhouette with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) at 12 to 14 + 6 weeks of gestation, and verify the feasibility of obtaining five cardiac views in the late first and early second trimesters of pregnancy. The fetal cardiac shape and the aspect of the descending aorta were also evaluated.

Methods: Eighty normal fetuses at 12 to 14 + 6 weeks of gestation were studied using trans-abdominal HDlive Flow Silhouette with STIC to assess the feasibility of five fetal cardiac views (frontal, spatial three-vessel, panoramic, posterior, and right lateral views).

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The Sakigake designation system (Sakigake) has been launched to encourage the pioneered development of innovative new medical products for the effective treatment of severe illness in Japan, which allows leveraging the several advantages in prioritized consultation, rapid review, premium drug pricing and extended data-protection period. We retrospectively analysed the Sakigake products including drugs and regenerative medical products to clarify the achievements and the future issues in this system. From April 2015 to August 2020 (the first 5-year trial period of Sakigake), 37 products were designated, and 10 of those were approved in Japan in which 7 new active substances achieved the first-in-world approvals.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to develop an AI classifier to identify fetal facial expressions linked to brain development through a non-invasive analysis of sonographic images from pregnant women.
  • Fetal images were categorized into seven expressions, and a deep learning AI model was trained, achieving high accuracy in identifying expressions like eye blinking, mouthing, and yawning.
  • The results showed that the AI classifier can successfully and accurately classify fetal facial expressions, potentially contributing to advancements in fetal brain development research using ultrasound technology.
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  • - The study investigates the reasons behind the varying approval times of new drugs by regulatory bodies in Japan, the USA, and Europe, focusing on drugs first approved in Japan from 2008 to 2019.
  • - Out of 80 drugs examined, 25 and 24 were later approved in the USA and Europe, with distinct median approval times: Japan (285 days), USA (334 days), and Europe (477 days). Significant delays were noted for specific drugs due to safety concerns, necessitating additional trials or longer reviews.
  • - The findings reveal that differences in regulatory requirements and perspectives on cardiovascular risks contribute to the varied approval timelines, highlighting the influence of historical approval patterns on current practices.
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Objective: To evaluate the 24-segment sphericity index (SI) of the fetal heart using HQ regarding the change with advancing gestation and reproducibility.

Methods: Eighty-one pregnant women at 18-21 + 6 and 28-31 + 6 weeks were studied using HQ to calculate 24-segment SI of left and right ventricles. Intra- and inter-class correlation coefficients and intra- and inter-observer agreements of measurements for SI were assessed in each segment.

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