Early postoperative resistance index can predict radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula failure.

Background: Ultrasonography is valuable for assessing arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation. Brachial artery flow volume (FV) measured at 6 weeks post-AVF creation can predict AVF failure. However, the association between early postoperative FV and AVF failure remains unclear.

Splenic abscess caused by successfully managed with percutaneous drainage and antibiotics: A case report.

A 29-year-old man with diabetic nephropathy presented with fever and chills 4 days postdischarge following hospitalization for hyperglycemia. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a splenic abscess. Percutaneous drainage was performed, and intravenous meropenem was administered.

Vascular access interventional therapy of early arteriovenous fistula occlusion leading to long-term patency: A case report.

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are frequently used for hemodialysis access, but approximately 15%-20% of AVFs fail to mature within 3 months of their creation. Vascular access interventional therapy (VAIVT) is typically performed for treating an immature AVF. However, it should be performed 4-6 weeks or later after AVF creation.

Efficacy of On-line Hemodiafiltration for Rhabdomyolysis Presenting with Acute Kidney Injury Due to Unexpected Drug Abuse.

Myoglobin is a well-known cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) due to rhabdomyolysis. However, whether or not removing serum myoglobin by on-line hemodiafiltration (OHDF) improves the kidney function remains unclear. We herein report a patient with a history of methamphetamine abuse who developed AKI due to rhabdomyolysis.

Deep learning analysis of clinical course of primary nephrotic syndrome: Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study (JNSCS).

Background: Prognosis of nephrotic syndrome has been evaluated based on pathological diagnosis, whereas its clinical course is monitored using objective items and the treatment strategy is largely the same. We examined whether the entire natural history of nephrotic syndrome could be evaluated using objective common clinical items.

Methods: Machine learning clustering was performed on 205 cases from the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study, whose clinical parameters, serum creatinine, serum albumin, dipstick hematuria, and proteinuria were traceable after kidney biopsy at 5 measured points up to 2 years.

The association between body mass index and all-cause mortality in Japanese patients with incident hemodialysis.

Background: A higher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with better survival among chronic kidney disease patients in some reports. However, more research is required to determine the associations between BMI and mortality in incident hemodialysis patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between mortality and BMI measured at the first hemodialysis session and 2 weeks after hemodialysis initiation in Japanese patients with incident hemodialysis.

Time to remission of proteinuria and incidence of relapse in patients with steroid-sensitive minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study.

Background: Minimal change disease (MCD) is characterized by a nephrotic syndrome usually steroid-sensitive and a high incidence of relapse of proteinuria. Previous cohort studies have reported conflicting results regarding the association between the time to remission and incidence of relapse.

Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study included 102 adult patients with steroid-sensitive MCD or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis from a 5-year cohort study of primary nephrotic syndrome, the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study, who achieved remission of proteinuria within 2 months of immunosuppressive therapy (IST).

The 30-year Natural History of Non-classic Fabry Disease with an R112H Mutation.

Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A (GLA) gene that results in deficiency of the enzyme GLA and leads to the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) in cells. The accumulation of GL-3 may lead to life-threatening complications. Significant advances in genetic sequencing technology have led to a better understanding of genotype-phenotype interactions in Fabry disease.

Ectopic Relapse of Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Pituitary Vasculitis with No Elevation of Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies after Renal Remission.

The relationship between anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) titer levels and relapse risk in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) following clinical remission remains controversial. We herein report a case showing ectopic relapse of AAV in the pituitary with no ANCA elevation after renal remission. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enlarged pituitary gland.

Better remission rates in elderly Japanese patients with primary membranous nephropathy in nationwide real-world practice: The Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study (JNSCS).

Background: The aim of the present study was to clarify the prevalence of immunosuppressive drug use and outcomes in elderly and non-elderly patients with primary membranous nephropathy (MN) in nationwide real-world practice in Japan.

Patients And Methods: Between 2009 and 2010, 374 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome were enrolled in the cohort study (The Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study, JNSCS), including 126 adult patients with MN. Their clinical characteristics were compared with those of nephrotic patients with primary MN registered in a large nationwide registry (The Japan Renal Biopsy Registry, J-RBR).

Incidence of remission and relapse of proteinuria, end-stage kidney disease, mortality, and major outcomes in primary nephrotic syndrome: the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study (JNSCS).

Background: Despite recent advances in immunosuppressive therapy for patients with primary nephrotic syndrome, its effectiveness and safety have not been fully studied in recent nationwide real-world clinical data in Japan.

Methods: A 5-year cohort study, the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study, enrolled 374 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome in 55 hospitals in Japan, including 155, 148, 38, and 33 patients with minimal change disease (MCD), membranous nephropathy (MN), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and other glomerulonephritides, respectively. The incidence rates of remission and relapse of proteinuria, 50% and 100% increases in serum creatinine, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), all-cause mortality, and other major adverse outcomes were compared among glomerulonephritides using the Log-rank test.

Regional variations in immunosuppressive therapy in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome: the Japan nephrotic syndrome cohort study.

Background: The lack of high-quality clinical evidences hindered broad consensus on optimal therapies for primary nephrotic syndromes. The aim of the present study was to compare prevalence of immunosuppressive drug use in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome across 6 regions in Japan.

Methods: Between 2009 and 2010, 380 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome in 56 hospitals were enrolled in a prospective cohort study [Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study (JNSCS)], including 141, 151, and 38 adult patients with minimal change disease (MCD), membranous nephropathy (MN), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), respectively.

P-selectin-dependent macrophage migration into the tubulointerstitium in unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Background: Interstitial infiltration of macrophages (Mø) is one of the main causal factors for the tubulointerstitial injury. However, precise mechanisms of Mø infiltration into tubulointerstitium have not been fully explored. The purposes of this study were to assess the role of selectins in the acute infiltration of Mø in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and to evaluate the role of vasa recta, that is, whether they facilitate massive influx of Mø into the interstitium by functioning as specialized vessels.