Publications by authors named "Toshitaka Yamauchi"

Daily dietary habits directly or indirectly influence the intestinal microbiota, and the resulting changes in its composition and metabolic activity alter the health conditions of the host. Although many studies have analyzed the association between individual nutrients/food items and intestinal microbiota, the assessment of the diet and intestinal microbiota from a macroscopic perspective has not yet been performed in Japan. Therefore, we focused on vegetables and fruits and aimed to identify dietary patterns of high intake of these foods and to examine their relationship with the intestinal microbiota.

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Commensal microbes in animals have a profound impact on tissue homeostasis, stress resistance, and ageing. We previously showed in Drosophila melanogaster that Acetobacter persici is a member of the gut microbiota that promotes ageing and shortens fly lifespan. However, the molecular mechanism by which this specific bacterial species changes lifespan and physiology remains unclear.

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Article Synopsis
  • An early inflammatory response during the development of Drosophila impacts long-term health, increasing adult starvation resistance but decreasing lifespan.
  • Activation of the immune pathway in larvae causes noticeable effects, with lifespan shortening linked to Imd activation in the gut while starvation resistance relates to neuronal changes.
  • The study highlights how early immune responses lead to lasting changes in gut microbiota, resulting in chronic inflammation and a reduced lifespan in adult flies.
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Gut microbiota impacts the host metabolome and affects its health span. How bacterial species in the gut influence age-dependent metabolic alteration has not been elucidated. Here we show in that allantoin, an end product of purine metabolism, is increased during aging in a microbiota-dependent manner.

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Necrotic cells elicit an inflammatory response through their endogenous factors with damage-associated molecular patterns. Blocking apoptosis in Drosophila wings leads to the necrosis-driven systemic immune response by unknown mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that immune activation in response to necrotic cells is mediated by commensal gut microbiota.

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