Chemical and toxicological comparison of emissions from a heated tobacco product and the 1R6F reference cigarette.

It has previously been found that, compared with cigarette smoke, the aerosols generated by heated tobacco products contain fewer and lower harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) and elicit lower biological activity in  models and lower smoking-related exposure biomarker levels in clinical studies. It is important to accumulate such scientific evidences for heated tobacco products with a novel heating system, because different heating system may affect the quantitative aspect of the amount of HPHCs and the qualitative aspect of the biological activity of the aerosol generated. Here, the chemical properties of, and toxicological responses to aerosols emitted by DT3.

evaluation of mutagenic, cytotoxic, genotoxic and oral irritation potential of nicotine pouch products.

Non-clinical in vitro studies were conducted to investigate the characteristics of extracts from tobacco free nicotine pouches alongside a reference snus product and/or 1R6F reference cigarette. investigations were conducted in the Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) cytotoxicity assay, Bacterial Reverse Mutation (Ames) assay, and in vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleus (MN) assay. These products were also investigated for their oral irritation potential in the EpiGingival™ 3D tissue model.

Effects of antioxidant capacity on micronucleus induction by cigarette smoke in mammalian cells.

We have compared micronucleus (MN) induction by cigarette smoke in the L5178Y, TK6, and CHL/IU cell lines. The test sample was total particulate matter of 3R4F reference cigarette smoke, suspended in DMSO. After 3-h treatment, with or without a rat liver S9 metabolic activation system, followed by 24-h recovery, dose-dependent MN increases were seen in all cell lines.

[Mediastinal Growing Teratoma Syndrome during Chemotherapy, Presenting as a Huge and Inoperable Tumor].

A 22-year-old male was diagnosed with a metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumor in the mediastinum with an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)concentration. Histopathological findings following percutaneous biopsy revealed the presence of a mature teratoma. Bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin(BEP)chemotherapy resulted decreased his serum AFP.

[Desensitization Therapy for Osimertinib in Patients Who Developed Toxic Erythema - Two Case Reports].

We encountered 2 cases of T790M-positive non-small cell lung cancer in patients who developed toxic erythema within a week after initiation of osimertinib(80mg/day)therapy. Since osimertinib was regarded as the suspected drug, we adminis- tered desensitization therapy for osimertinib at an initial dose of 10mg/day. During the process of dose escalation, slight eruption and flare were observed, but we were able to provide appropriate treatment.

Negative and positive control ranges in the bacterial reverse mutation test: JEMS/BMS collaborative study.

A large-scale study was conducted by multiple laboratories affiliated with the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society and the Bacterial Mutagenicity Study Group to investigate possible proficiency indicators for the bacterial reverse mutation test with a preincubation procedure. Approximately 30 laboratories generated negative and positive control count data and dose-response curves of the positive control articles for the bacterial reverse mutation test, with assays conducted annually from 2013 to 2016. Overall, the majority of the negative and positive control counts for Typhimurium strains TA100, TA1535, TA98, and TA1537, and strain WP2, with and without S9 mix, were within the range of the means ±2× standard deviation.

Chemical analysis and in vitro toxicological evaluation of aerosol from a novel tobacco vapor product: A comparison with cigarette smoke.

The recent rapid increase in the prevalence of emerging tobacco- and nicotine-containing products, such as e-cigarettes, is being driven in part by their reduced-risk potential compared to tobacco smoking. In this study, we examined emission levels for selected cigarette smoke constituents, so-called "Hoffmann analytes", and in vitro toxicity of aerosol from a novel tobacco vapor product (NTV). The NTV thermally vaporizes a nicotine-free carrier liquid to form an aerosol which then passes through tobacco, where it absorbs tobacco-derived flavors and nicotine.

Late-onset rejection of a unilateral donor lung with vascular C4d deposition in bilateral living-donor lobar lung transplantation: an autopsy case report.

A 37-year-old woman had undergone bilateral living-donor lobar lung transplantation 11 years previously for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Her father donated the right lobe and her brother donated the left lobe. She subsequently developed progressively worsening respiratory dysfunction due to pneumonia.

[A case of etanercept-induced pneumonitis].

A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever and dyspnea with marked hypoxemia and diffuse ground-glass opacities in bilateral lung fields revealed by a chest CT scan. He had used etanercept therapy for his rheumatoid arthritis. His PaO2/FiO2 had decreased to 130.