Incidental Finding of an Accessory Ovary at Laparoscopic Surgery.

An accessory ovary is one of the rare gynecologic abnormalities of the female genital tract. The etiology of accessory ovary has been reported to be acquired origin, such as postsurgical or postinflammatory implants, and true embryologic origin. However, as in the present case with unremarkable medical history and no urogenital abnormalities, there are accessory ovaries that cannot be explained by these etiologies.

Laparoscopic posterior pelvic exenteration for primary adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum without associated endometriosis: A case report.

The present report describes a case of laparoscopic posterior pelvic exenteration of a primary adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum (PARS) without associated endometriosis. A 49-year-old woman was admitted to hospital for rectal bleeding. Imaging studies showed a 7-cm solid tumor located in the rectovaginal septum, presenting with invasion to the posterior aspect of the uterine cervix and the anterior rectal wall.

Comparison of the primary cesarean hysterotomy scars after single- and double-layer interrupted closure.

Introduction: It is unclear whether hysterotomy closure techniques can affect niche development. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of single-layer and double-layer interrupted closures of hysterotomy incisions during primary cesarean section on the formation of uterine niches.

Material And Methods: A prospective cohort study of women undergoing primary cesarean section was performed between June 2011 and July 2014.

Paclitaxel-carboplatin for advanced or recurrent carcinosarcoma of the uterus: the Japan Uterine Sarcoma Group and Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit Study.

Background: Paclitaxel and carboplatin (PC) have shown antitumor activity in carcinosarcoma of the uterus (CS). The purpose of this prospective multi-institutional study was to determine the response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and to assess the toxicity of paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with CS.

Methods: We conducted a phase II study in which patients were administered paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) over a 3-h period followed by carboplatin (area under the serum concentration-time curve = 6) intravenously over a 30-min period on day 1 of each treatment cycle (3 weeks) until disease progression or adverse effects prohibited further therapy.

Investigation of the clinicopathological features of fallopian tube malignancy.

The present study investigated the clinico-pathological features of fallopian tube malignancy (FTM) and elucidated the biological behavior of this disorder. Data were compiled concerning FTM from 68 patients from 7 institutes. The patients included 60 cases with fallopian tube carcinoma and 8 cases with fallopian tube carcinosarcoma.

Inhibition of uterine sarcoma cell growth through suppression of endogenous tyrosine kinase B signaling.

Uterine leiomyosarcoma is an aggressive tumor typically found at advanced stages due to difficulties with early diagnosis. Because uterine leiomyosarcoma is resistant to conventional radiation and chemotherapy, the development of more potent medical therapeutics is anticipated. Using quantitative real-time RT-PCR and immunostaining, we found the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotropin-4/5, together with their receptor, tyrosine kinase B (TrkB), in different uterine sarcoma cell lines and primary tumor samples from uterine leiomyosarcoma patients.

Suppression of hydatidiform molar growth by inhibiting endogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tyrosine kinase B signaling.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) receptor signaling promotes trophoblast growth in normal and abnormal pregnancy. It also regulates the growth of malignant trophoblastic, choriocarcinoma cells. However, possible involvement of this signaling system in hydatidiform mole, another major gestational trophoblastic disease, has not been determined.

Phase II clinical study of the combination chemotherapy regimen of irinotecan plus oral etoposide for the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer (Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit 101 Group Study).

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination chemotherapy regimen of irinotecan plus oral etoposide for the treatment of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer after previous treatment with platinum and taxane agents.

Patients And Methods: A total of 42 patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who had an evaluable lesion and provided informed consent for participation in the present study were analyzed. Irinotecan was administered intravenously at a dose of 60 mg/m on days 1 and 15.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tyrosine kinase B signaling regulates human trophoblast growth in an in vivo animal model of ectopic pregnancy.

Although medical treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy using methotrexate has been established, development of more potent and safer medical treatment is needed due to limited indications and side effects of methotrexate. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signals through its receptor tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) to regulate the growth of malignant trophoblastic, choriocarcinoma cell. We investigated possible involvement of this signaling system in nonmalignant human trophoblast growth in both ectopic and intrauterine pregnancy.

The efficacy and safety of gemcitabine plus paclitaxel combination first-line therapy for Japanese patients with metastatic breast cancer including triple-negative phenotype.

Purpose: Gemcitabine (GEM)-paclitaxel combination therapy has been confirmed as a standard therapy for metastatic/recurrent breast cancer (MBC) in Western countries. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of GEM-paclitaxel combination therapy in Japanese MBC patients.

Methods: Patients were administered paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) on day 1, and GEM 1,000 or 1,250 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycle.

Histopathological prognostic factors predicting para-aortic lymph node metastasis in patients with endometrioid uterine cancer.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine histopathological factors for para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastasis in patients with endometrioid uterine cancer.

Methods: A total of 355 patients (Stage I, n=269; II, n=24; and III, n=62) (FIGO 2009) underwent primary radical surgery including complete systematic pelvic lymph node (PLN) and PALN dissection in Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit (TGCU) between 1993 and 2004. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent prognostic factors for PALN metastasis.

Scleroderma-like cutaneous lesions induced by paclitaxel and carboplatin for ovarian carcinoma, not a single course of carboplatin, but re-induced and worsened by previously administrated paclitaxel.

Scleroderma-like cutaneous lesion as an adverse event from paclitaxel and carboplatin has been reported. No report shows the occurrence of scleroderma-like cutaneous lesions from a single course of carboplatin. The patient is a 67-year-old female, administered paclitaxel and carboplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kustner Hauser syndrome complicated by either uterine leiomyoma or ovarian tumor.

A 50-year-old Japanese woman with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kustner-Hauser syndrome and two pelvic tumors underwent laparotomy. Laparotomy revealed that no torsion of the right ovarian tumor had occurred, with uterine leiomyoma originating from the right side of a rudimentary uterus. Histopathological examination demonstrated leiomyoma of the rudimentary uterus with positive staining for estrogen and progesterone receptors, and mucinous cyst adenoma of the right ovary.

[Drug interactions in medical oncology].

Cytotoxic anti-neoplastic drugs are some of the strongest acting drugs. They have a complex pharmacological profile, narrow therapeutic window, steep dose-toxicity curve, and many pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences both within and between patients. This makes it difficult to avoid adverse effects.

A landmark point analysis with cytotoxic agents for advanced NSCLC.

Introduction: As a result of recent publications, we hypothesized that period of 8 weeks after initiation of treatment is a useful landmark point for cytotoxic agents for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To test this hypothesis, we conducted landmark analyses with clinical trials employing cytotoxic agents. Our goal was to assess the proper design of clinical trials with cytotoxic agents for NSCLC for maximizing patients' benefit.

Role of complete para-aortic lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer.

Purpose Of Review: Many reports suggest the significance of pelvic lymph-node (PLN) adenectomy in patients with endometrial cancer. However, among these, there is controversy regarding not only what type of patients should have lymphadenectomy performed, but also what extent lymphadenectomy should be performed.

Recent Findings: It has been reported that PLN adenectomy has therapeutic significance in stage I grade 3 and more advanced endometrioid uterine cancer.

Endometrioid uterine cancer: histopathological risk factors of local and distant recurrence.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between histopathological prognostic factors and sites of initial recurrence in endometrioid uterine cancer.

Methods: A total of 355 patients (Stage I, n=227; II, n=38; III, n=90) underwent primary radical surgery including complete systematic pelvic lymph node (PLN) and para-aortic lymph node (PALN) adenectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy who were at risk for recurrence. Relapse-free survival (RFS) and disease-related survival (DRS) were analyzed using the log-rank testing.

Efficacy and safety of two doses of pemetrexed supplemented with folic acid and vitamin B12 in previously treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two doses of pemetrexed supplemented with folic acid and vitamin B(12) in pretreated Japanese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Experimental Design: Patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 2, stage III or IV, and who received previously one or two chemotherapy regimens were randomized to receive 500 mg/m(2) pemetrexed (P500) or 1,000 mg/m(2) pemetrexed (P1000) on day 1 every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was response rate.

[Influence of oral appliances for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on stomatognathic system part 1. Occlusion].

Purpose: Little information is available on the mandibular protrusion with oral appliances (OA) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) to have no negative effect on the stomatognathic system. The purpose of the current study was to assess the influence of mandibular protrusion on occlusion to fabricate the appropriate OA.

Methods: Twelve healthy adults were selected.

Para-aortic lymphadenectomy may improve disease-related survival in patients with multipositive pelvic lymph node stage IIIc endometrial cancer.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether para-aortic lymphadenectomy improves disease-related survival (DRS) in stage IIIc endometrial cancer.

Methods: A total of 63 patients with stage IIIc endometrial carcinoma underwent primary radical surgery in the Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit from 1993 to 2004. All patients had modified radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, systemic pelvic lymph node (PLN) adenectomy, and with or without para-aortic lymph node (PAN) adenectomy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adenofibroma of the endometrium protruding into the vaginal cavity: findings on transvaginal ultrasonography, MRI and CT.

Adenofibroma is a rare benign biphasic neoplasm that is classified into the mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumor group. We report the case of a 42-year-old woman with adenofibroma of the endometrium protruding into the vagina. Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed the tumor as an intravaginal mass containing multiple cystic components.

Completely resected N1 non-small cell lung cancer: factors affecting recurrence and long-term survival.

Objective: N1 disease in non-small cell lung cancer represents a heterogeneous patient subgroup with a 5-year survival of approximately 40%. Few reports have evaluated the correlation between N1 disease and tumor recurrence or which subgroup of patients would most benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: From 1997 through 2002, all patients with pathologic T1-4 N1 M0 non-small cell lung cancer who had a complete resection with systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy were retrospectively analyzed and evaluated for factors associated with recurrence and long-term survival.

[Intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts].

Bronchogenic cysts are commonly found in the mediastinum, but occasionally in lung parenchyma. We report 3 patients with intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts. A female presented back pain and a large cystic lesion with an air-fluid level on chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT).