Oncologic investigation of the interval from stent placement to surgery in patients with obstructive colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement is widely used as a bridge to surgery (BTS) procedure for obstructive colorectal cancer. However, evidence regarding the optimal interval between SEMS placement and elective surgery is lacking.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from patients with BTS between January 2013 and October 2021.

Exploration for Blood Biomarkers of Human Long Non-coding RNAs Predicting Oxaliplatin-Induced Chronic Neuropathy Through iPS Cell-Derived Sensory Neuron Analysis.

Oxaliplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent, frequently causes acute and chronic peripheral sensory neuropathy, for which no effective treatment has been established. In particular, chronic neuropathy can persist for years even after treatment completion, thus worsening patients' quality of life. To avoid the development of intractable adverse effects, a predictive biomarker early in treatment is awaited.

Successful management of malignant colovesical fistula using covered colonic self-expanding metallic stent: a case report.

Background: A colovesical fistula (CVF) is commonly treated by resection of the intestine containing the fistula or creation of a defunctioning stoma. We herein report a case of successful fistula closure and avoidance of colostomy after placement of a covered colonic self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) as a palliative treatment for a malignant CVF.

Case Presentation: A 75-year-old man undergoing infusional 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan chemotherapy plus bevacizumab for recurrent peritoneal dissemination of rectal cancer was admitted to our hospital because of fecaluria with a high-grade fever.

The T-CEA score: a useful prognostic indicator based on postoperative CEA and pathological T4 levels for patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer.

Purpose: To investigate a prognostic score for stage II-III colorectal cancer (CRC) based on post-CEA and pT4 levels.

Methods: Two cohorts of stage II-III CRC patients who underwent curative surgery between 2011 and 2017 were included. The prognostic score (T-CEA score) was calculated as follows: T-CEA-0, post-CEA ≤ 5 ng/mL and pT1-3; T-CEA-1, post-CEA > 5 ng/mL or pT4; T-CEA-2, post-CEA > 5 ng/mL and pT4.

Biomarkers for anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs.

Angiogenesis is regulated by interactions between vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and VEGF receptors. VEGF-A, VEGF-D, placental growth factor (PlGF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have tumor angiogenic activity. VEGF-A and PAI-1 levels in the blood may impact the activity of bevacizumab, and VEGF-D levels may similarly diminish the efficacy of ramucirumab.

[Is Cell-Free DNA a Useful Biomarker for Predicting the Efficacy of Preoperative Chemotherapy for Advanced Colon Cancer?].

Objective: To examine the potential of peripheral circulating cell-free DNA(cfDNA)as a predictor of response in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)for advanced colon cancer.

Methods: We compared histological response, background factors, and cfDNA molecular volume changes in cT4 and cT3N+ colon cancer patients.

Results: Six of 11 patients responded.

Surgical Site Infections in Gastroenterological Surgery.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain one of the most common serious surgical complications and are the second most frequent healthcare-associated infection. Patients with SSIs have a significantly increased postoperative length of hospital stay, hospital expenses, and mortality risk compared with patients without SSIs. The prevention of SSI requires the integration of a range of perioperative measures, and approximately 50% of SSIs are preventable through the implementation of evidence-based preventative strategies.

[Long-Term Response to UFT/UZEL/Bevacizumab Therapy for Lung Metastasis after Surgery for Early-Stage Colon Cancer in a Late-Stage Elderly Patient].

Late-stage elderly patients have low tolerance to chemotherapy, and they have difficulties when they are treated with standard chemotherapy. We report a case of a late-stage elderly patient who had a long-term response to UFT/UZEL/bevacizumab( Bev)therapy for lung metastasis after surgery for early-stage colon cancer. He was 82-years-old and underwent laparoscopy-assisted sigmoid colectomy for sigmoid colon cancer at another hospital.

BRAF V600E mutations in right-side colon cancer: Heterogeneity detected by liquid biopsy.

Introduction: The prognosis for metastatic colorectal cancer patients (mCRC) with the BRAF mutation is poor. BRAF mutation frequency is reportedly low among Asians; however, the frequency of the BRAF mutation in right-side colon cancer may not be low, even among Asians. In addition, spatial heterogeneity of BRAF mutations also exists, as for RAS mutations.

Colonic stent as a bridge to surgery versus emergency resection for right-sided malignant large bowel obstruction: a meta-analysis.

Background: Preoperative colonic stenting for malignant large bowel obstruction (MLBO), also called bridge to surgery (BTS), is considered a great substitute treatment for emergency resection (ER) in the left-sided colon. However, its efficacy in the right-sided colon remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the postoperative short-term outcomes between BTS and ER for right-sided MLBO.

A Case of a Fixed Giant Peritoneal Loose Body outside the Peritoneum and near the Rectovesical Excavation.

A peritoneal loose body (PLB) is tissue completely separated from other intraperitoneal organs. It is rare and usually found incidentally during laparotomy, examination, or autopsy. PLBs are usually located free in the peritoneal cavity and not in the extraperitoneal space.

A New Anorectal Melanoma Cell Line Derived from a Primary Human Rectal Tumor.

Background: Anorectal melanoma is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. Symptoms are often nonspecific, which complicates preoperative diagnosis. Here, we describe the establishment of MELS, a new anorectal melanoma cell line derived from resection of a rectal tumor in a 40-year-old Japanese man.

Useful Preoperative Simulation of Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectal Cancer in Patients with Kyphosis.

Kyphosis complicates abdominal surgery. Here, we report a case of rectal cancer in a patient with kyphosis who underwent successful laparoscopic surgery after a preoperative simulation. An 81-year-old woman with rectal cancer was admitted to our department, and laparoscopic surgery was planned.

A Rapidly Growing Small-Intestinal Metastasis from Lung Cancer.

Small-intestinal metastasis from lung cancer, although relatively rare, often causes intestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal perforation, and gastrointestinal bleeding, making it an oncological emergency. Many patients have undergone emergency surgery for treatment of rapid progression of an intestinal metastatic lesion; however, information on changes in such metastases is lacking. We analyzed data from 4 patients with small-intestinal metastases from lung cancer who were treated during a 10-year period (January 2011 to December 2020) and for whom data on change in tumor diameter were available.

Detection of KRAS mutations in circulating tumour DNA from plasma and urine of patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is very useful for purposes of cancer genetics; however, it has some limitations. Recently, ctDNA in body fluids, such as urine, sputum, and pleural effusion, has been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantity of ctDNA derived from urine (trans-renal ctDNA) and the accuracy of KRAS mutation detection in relation to disease stage in colorectal cancer.

Elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen level after curative surgery is a prognostic biomarker of stage II-III colorectal cancer.

Background: High preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a well-known risk factor for stage II-III colorectal cancer (CRC); however, in most cases, cancer does not recur. Conversely, postoperative CEA (post-CEA) is occasionally measured, and high post-CEA patients often develop recurrence; however, the clinical significance of post-CEA testing is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether post-CEA elevation might indicate a poor prognosis for stage II-III CRC patients who underwent curative surgery.

Laparoscopic repair of a Bochdalek hernia in an elderly patient: a case report with a review from 1999 to 2019 in Japan.

Background: A Bochdalek hernia (BH) is a congenital defect of the diaphragm that generally presents in the newborn as life-threatening cardiorespiratory distress. In contrast, the diagnosis of a BH in adults is rare. Surgical repair for adult BH is recommended, but the optimal surgical method remains unclear.

Intestinal Obstruction Caused by a Fruit Seed: A Rare Case Without Gastrointestinal Disease.

We report here a rare case of intestinal obstruction caused by a peach seed. A 15-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal pain and vomiting. The patient had no history of previous gastrointestinal surgery and his medical comorbidity was autism.

Response of gallstone ileus to conservative therapy.

We report a case of cholelithiasis followed by gallstone ileus, documented with serial computed tomography (CT) scans, that responded to conservative therapy. An 80-year-old woman was admitted because of abdominal pain and vomiting. Six months previously, she had presented with abdominal pain and nausea of sudden onset.