Risk of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Aged Individuals in Relation to Cold Ambient Temperature - A Report From North Tochigi Experience.

Background: The impact of cold ambient temperature on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in aged individuals caused by cardiovascular events in indoor environments has not been investigated sufficiently.

Methods and results: We conducted a case-crossover study. The relationship between OHCA caused by cardiovascular events and exposure to minimum temperature <0℃ was analyzed.

Recovery of psychomotor function after total intravenous anesthesia with remifentanil-propofol or fentanyl-propofol.

Purpose: Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol combined with remifentanil or fentanyl has commonly been used to achieve general anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to examine recovery of psychomotor function, by use of the Trieger dot test, after TIVA with remifentanil-propofol or with fentanyl-propofol.

Methods: Forty patients were randomly divided into two groups of 20, to receive TIVA with either remifentanil-propofol (group R) or fentanyl-propofol (group F).

QT dispersion and rate-corrected QT dispersion during electroconvulsive therapy in elderly patients.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) induces increase of QT dispersion (QTD) and the rate-corrected QTD (QTcD), which are associated with increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and cardiovascular mortality. The effects of electrical stimulus during ECT on QTD and QTcD in elderly patients are of considerable interest.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the differential effects of electrical stimulus caused by ECT on interbeat interval, QT interval, the rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval, QTD, and the QTcD under propofol anesthesia between younger and elderly patients with major depression.

Comparison of 2% mepivacaine, clipping, and radiofrequency thermocoagulation for duration and magnitude of action in peripheral arterial blood flow induced by sympathetic block in anesthetized dogs.

Background And Objectives: Thoracic sympathetic block has recently been performed by placement of the clips on the sympathetic chain to interrupt nerve conduction. The aim of this study was to compare clipping with 2% mepivacaine and radiofrequency thermocoagulation for the potency of sympathetic block from the results of the duration and magnitude of the vasodilation effect induced by thoracic sympathetic block in dogs.

Methods: We measured mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and right and left brachial artery blood flow (BABF) before and after thoracic sympathetic block in 24 dogs.

[A phase II clinical study of once-a-day fentanyl citrate patch in patients with cancer pain--switching from once-every-three-days fentanyl patch to once-a-day fentanyl citrate patch].

We examined the efficacy and safety of a new transdermal fentanyl citrate patch (HFT-290), which was applied once daily in patients with cancer pain who were receiving a stable dose of once-every-three-day application transdermal fentanyl patch [TDF (72 hr)]. After TDF (72 hr) was applied for three days at the same dose used before starting the study, treatment was switched to HFT-290 (once daily) for 9 days. The analgesic effect was judged with a 5-point scale based on each patient's assessment of pain on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS).

Comparison of bupivacaine, ropivacaine, and levobupivacaine in an equal dose and concentration for sympathetic block in dogs.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the potency of bupivacaine, ropivacaine, and levobupivacaine in an equal dose and concentration for sympathetic block.

Methods: We measured mean arterial pressure, heart rate (HR), and right and left brachial artery blood flow (BABF) before and after cervicothoracic sympathetic block in 24 dogs. The experimental protocol was designed as follows: (1) left cervicothoracic sympathetic block with 1.

Assessment of QT interval and QT dispersion during electroconvulsive therapy using computerized measurements.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) used in the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders induces stimulation of the autonomic nervous system with initial parasympathetic outflow immediately followed by a sympathetic response. These responses induce an initial bradycardia, arrhythmias, and hypertension. QT dispersion (QTD), defined as maximal QT interval minus minimal QT interval on 12 leads of the surface electrocardiogram, reflects regional heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization.

Effects of landiolol on QT interval and QT dispersion during induction of anesthesia using computerized measurement.

Study Objective: To examine the effects of landiolol on the QT interval, rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval, QT dispersion (QTD), and rate-corrected QTD (QTcD) during tracheal intubation using computerized measurement.

Design: Randomized, double-blinded study.

Setting: Dokkyo Medical University Hospital operating room.

[Anesthetic management for pancreaticoduodenectomy in a patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and liver cirrhosis].

A 68-year-old man was scheduled for pancreaticoduodenectomy under general anesthesia. He was suffering from Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTD) for 34 years, and complicated with liver cirrhosis. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and fentanyl, and maintained with oxygen-air-sevoflurane and remifentanil.

Measurement of shift of the cauda equina in the subarachnoid space by changing position.

Background And Objectives: To perform spinal anesthesia, patients are usually placed in the lateral decubitus position with the knees drawn up to the stomach, the legs fully flexed, and the neck flexed to curve the back outward. Because the nerve roots of the cauda equina have considerable mobility in the subarachnoid space, the position of the cauda equina in the lateral decubitus position may be different from that in the supine position. However, the anatomic position of the cauda equina in the lateral decubitus position with fully flexed legs has not been carefully studied.

Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic study of a novel fentanyl-containing matrix transdermal patch system in Japanese patients with cancer pain.

Background And Objectives: A novel transdermal matrix patch delivery system for fentanyl has been developed to deliver improved management of cancer pain compared with that obtained using current fentanyl reservoir patches. This study was carried out to assess the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of a 12.5 microg/h transdermal matrix fentanyl patch administered with the objective of replacing morphine, oral oxycodone or fentanyl injection formulations.

[Customized oxygen tube for intubated patients with spontaneous respiration].

Recently, a customized oxygen tube is available. The circumference of a newly designed oxygen tube is larger than the original tube. In addition, new features are attached at the four sides of the connecter.

Comparison of 0.25% levobupivacaine, 0.25% bupivacaine, and 0.125% bupivacaine for duration and magnitude of action in peripheral arterial blood flow induced by sympathetic block in dogs.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare 0.25% levobupivacaine with 0.25% bupivacaine and 0.

[Morphological findings in MRI to be considered in perfoming spinal and epidural anesthesia].

The spinal cord and cauda equina move in the subarachnoid space by changing positions. The subarachnoid space is compressed from the dorsal side by epidural injection. At the end of gestation, the subarachnoid space is compressed from the ventral side by the engorged venous plexus.

[Anesthetic management for cesarean section in a patient with corrected transposition of great arteries].

A 20-year-old woman with corrected transposition of great arteries (height 163 cm, weight 69 kg) was scheduled for elective cesarean section at 36 weeks of gestation. Since her mitral insufficiency had deteriorated during pregnancy, she developed dyspnea and lower cardiac function. We decided to perform general anesthesia for her cesarean section.

Addition of dexmedetomidine prolongs duration of vasodilation induced by sympathetic block with mepivacaine in dogs.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the duration of vasodilation induced by sympathetic block with the addition of dexmedetomidine to mepivacaine.

Methods: We measured right and left brachial artery blood flow (BABF) before and after stellate ganglion block used as a sympathetic block in dogs. The experimental protocol was designed as follows: (1) left stellate ganglion block using 1.

Effects of head-up tilt after stellate ganglion block on QT interval and QT dispersion.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the effects of head-up tilt (70 degrees ) 30 minutes after right or left stellate ganglion block (SGB) on RR interval, QT interval, the rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval, QT dispersion (QTD), and the rate-corrected QT dispersion (QTcD) using computerized measurement.

Methods: Ten healthy volunteers underwent both right and left SGBs using 7 mL 1% mepivacaine with a 7-day interval between the two blocks. A 12-lead electrocardiogram was monitored to measure parameters before SGB; 30 minutes after SGB (before head-up tilt); and immediately, 5, 10, and 15 minutes after head-up tilt.

[Perioperative management of a patient with polycythemia who developed massive hemorrhage].

A 34-year-old man, 170 cm in height and 70 kg in weight, was scheduled for emergency operation because of gastric perforation due to gastric cancer under general anesthesia. His preoperative blood analysis showed 5.2 x 10(3) mm(-3) of red blood cell, 18 g x dl(-1) of hemoglobin and 48% of hematocrit.