Versatile application of indirect Fourier transformation to structure factor analysis: from X-ray diffraction of molecular liquids to small angle scattering of protein solutions.

We highlight versatile applicability of a structure-factor indirect Fourier transformation (IFT) technique, hereafter called SQ-IFT. The original IFT aims at the pair distance distribution function, p(r), of colloidal particles from small angle scattering of X-rays (SAXS) and neutrons (SANS), allowing the conversion of the experimental form factor, P(q), into a more intuitive real-space spatial autocorrelation function. Instead, SQ-IFT is an interaction potential model-free approach to the 'effective' or 'experimental' structure factor to yield the pair correlation functions (PCFs), g(r), of colloidal dispersions like globular protein solutions for small-angle scattering data as well as the radial distribution functions (RDFs) of molecular liquids in liquid diffraction (LD) experiments.

Actin oligomers at the initial stage of polymerization induced by increasing temperature at low ionic strength: Study with small-angle X-ray scattering.

Using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), we have studied the initial stage (nucleation and oligomerization) of actin polymerization induced by raising temperature in a stepwise manner from 1°C to 30°C at low ionic strength (4.0 mg ml actin in G-buffer). The SAXS experiments were started from the mono-disperse G-actin state, which was confirmed by comparing the scattering pattern in - and real space with X-ray crystallographic data.

Relation between dielectric and low-frequency Raman spectra of hydrogen-bond liquids.

We analyzed the complex dielectric and Raman spectra of hydrogen-bond liquids in the microwave to terahertz frequency range. As for water and methanol, the high-frequency component of the dielectric spectrum, i.e.