Hybrid Model Membrane Combining Micropatterned Lipid Bilayer and Hydrophilic Polymer Brush.

Substrate-supported planar lipid bilayers (SPBs) are being utilized as a versatile model system of the biological membrane. However, the proximity between the solid support and membrane limits utility of SPBs for the functional analyses of membrane proteins. Here, we present a model membrane that can enlarge the distance between the substrate surface and the membrane by combining a stable scaffold of polymerized lipid bilayer with a hydrophilic polymer brush.

Genotype 1 hepatitis E virus infection with acute acalculous cholecystitis as an extrahepatic symptom: a case report.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes an acute viral hepatitis that is transmitted enterically. It is epidemic in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Central America. It is known that HEV can cause extrahepatic manifestations.

Age-related and sex-related changes in perfusion index in response to noxious electrical stimulation in healthy subjects.

Background: Even though pain is a subjective phenomenon, its objective evaluation in humans is important because subjects requiring pain evaluation may be unable to describe their pain intensity because of decreased awareness or impaired cognitive function. Previous reports indicate that the perfusion index (PI), which is calculated from pulse oximeter waveforms, has some utility in assessing pain. However, age-associated and sex-associated differences in change of PI have hitherto not been evaluated for assessment of pain.