Phase II trial of S-1 plus low-dose cisplatin for unresectable and recurrent gastric cancer (JFMC27-9902 Step2).

Aims: The efficacy and the toxicity of oral fluorouracil derivative S-1 plus low-dose cisplatin in unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer were evaluated by a phase II study.

Methods: S-1 was administered orally for 28 days following 14 days' rest at 80-120 mg/body/day, depending on body surface area. During administration of S-1, cisplatin was given twice a week at the recommended dose (10 mg/m(2)), which was determined by a phase I study.

Significance of fecal deoxycholic acid concentration for colorectal tumor enlargement.

Deoxycholic acid (DCA) has been shown to promote proliferation of colonic carcinoma cells in many fundamental studies. However, no large-scale prospective clinical study providing direct evidence for an association of DCA with progress of colorectal tumor development in humans has been reported to date. To address this question, we conducted a two-step epidemiological study applying enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure fecal cholic acid (CA) and DCA concentrations.

Rapid multiple immunocytochemical staining method using microwave irradiation for intraoperative cytology.

Objective: To develop a more rapid and accurate staining procedure for intraoperative cytology through an assessment of a rapid multiple immunocytochemical staining method using microwave irradiation.

Study Design: A preliminary test of a triple immunostaining method using microwave irradiation was performed to determine optimal incubating conditions for primary antibodies against MOC-31, BerEP4 and carcinoembryonic antigen. The test samples were adenocarcinoma cells obtained by washings from 10 resected colorectal cancer specimens.

Malignant lymphoma in the ileum diagnosed by double-balloon enteroscopy.

A 73-year old man presented with abdominal pain. A tumor with central ulceration was observed in the ileum using double-balloon enteroscopy. Histological findings of the biopsy specimens were consistent with malignant lymphoma.

Kinetic analysis of bile acids in the feces of colorectal cancer patients by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Purpose: We used gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and reviewed dynamics of bile acids every colorectal cancer occupation part as contrast with a healthy adults after enforcement by all at once analysis of bile acids in feces of a healthy adults and the colorectal cancer patients so that we clarified the details of a possibility of colorectal cancer outbreak participation of allo type bile acids.

Subjects: The fecal bile acid measurements were made in a colorectal cancer group consisting of 89 patients and a control group consisting of 103 healthy adults.

Methods: All at once analyzed bile acid in feces of a control group and colorectal cancer group by GC-MS.

Simultaneous laparoscopic treatment for rectosigmoid and ileal endometriosis.

Endometriosis is common in women of childbearing age, while severe intestinal endometriosis requiring bowel resection is relatively rare. Intestinal endometriosis has recently been managed laparoscopically. We report the case of a 38-year-old patient with rectosigmoid and ileal endometriosis who was successfully treated by laparoscopic bowel resections.

Clinicopathological features of nonpolypoid colorectal tumors as viewed from the patients' background.

Background: This study was performed to characterize the clinicopathological features of colorectal tumors with flat-, depressed-, or protruded-type morphology (hereafter referred to simply as flat, depressed, or protruded lesions).

Methods: There are two major types of colorectal tumor: polypoid (protruded) and nonpolypoid (flat and depressed). A total of 130 lesions from 130 patients with colorectal submucosal invasive cancer were classified into three groups according to their macromorphology seen during endoscopy: flat (laterally spreading) and depressed nonpolypoid tumors and protruded polypoid tumors.

Early colon cancer detected by 18F-FDG PET.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive functional imaging modality that can disclose the presence of a malignant disease. It has recently been reported that PET may be useful to detect primary colorectal cancer (CRC). We present the case of a 47-yr-old man with early colon cancer detected by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET.

Effect of gastrectomy on the pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil and gimeracil after oral administration of S-1.

The effect of gastrectomy on pharmacokinetics after S-1 administration was investigated in a total of 12 cases - nine in which partial gastrectomy was performed and three in which total gastrectomy was performed. A single oral dose of S-1, 50 mg as tegafur, was administered, serial peripheral blood samples were collected, and the concentrations of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and gimeracil (CDHP) were measured. The pre-operative S-1 dose was administered about 7 days before surgery and the post-operative dose was administered around post-operative hospital day 14.

Studies of serum and feces bile acids determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Both radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods are utilized in the clinical laboratory to measure bile acids in human body fluids. For a more detailed analysis, we attempted simultaneous analysis of serum and feces bile acids using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and also investigated the dynamics of bile acids. Serum bile acid composition was examined in 22 healthy adults (79.

The relationship between 5-fluorouracil sensitivity and single nucleotide polymorphisms of the orotate phosphoribosyl transferase gene in colorectal cancer.

Orotate phosphoribosyl transferase (OPRT) is an enzyme playing an important role in exertion of the effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). A type of gene polymorphism, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), is considered to be a factor affecting individual differences in exertion of drug effects, and its analysis has recently made progress. We investigated the correlation between SNP of OPRT and 5-FU sensitivity in colon and rectal cancers.

Comparison of characteristics and survival of colorectal cancer between Japanese-Americans in Hawaii and native Japanese in Japan.

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate whether characteristics, prognostic risk factors, and survival of colorectal cancer of Japanese-Americans in Hawaii are different from those of native Japanese in Japan.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients with colorectal cancer surgically resected in single institutions in Hawaii and Japan from 1996 to 2002.

Results: A total of 410 Japanese-American patients (218 males; median age, 73 years) and 621 native Japanese patients (382 males; median age, 65 years) were included.

Enhancement of the anti-tumor activity of S-1 by low-dose cisplatin in mice bearing the sarcoma-180 model.

The combination of S-1, consisting of 1 mol/l tegafur, 0.4 mol/l 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine and 1 mol/l potassium oxonate, plus low-dose cisplatin has showed promising anti-tumor activities in experimental and clinical studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of this combination chemotherapy.

Correlation between expression of orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and 5-fluorouracil sensitivity, as measured by apoptosis index in colorectal cancer tissue.

Background: 5-Fluorouracil remains a key drug in the treatment of colorectal cancer, and the development of a simple and effective test for selecting patients likely to benefit from postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is an important objective.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to clarify the feasibility of measuring apoptotic cell rate (AI%) in tumor after short-term oral 5-fluorouracil administration prior to surgery with the objective of establishing a simpler method to test for sensitivity.

Methods: Forty-five colorectal cancer patients were allocated to two groups, and 21 patients were given oral 5-FU for 3 d prior to surgery.

Histopathologic changes in serum bile acid fractions in pressure ulcer patients.

Background/aims: Bile acids are synthesized in the liver and released into the intestinal tract to aid in digestion and absorption by increasing permeability via alteration of the cell membrane. Bedridden elderly patients typically have pressure ulcers that may be due to both physical local pressure as well as skin cell changes induced by the physiologic effects of bile acids.

Methodology: This study investigated 31 elderly bedridden patients with pressure ulcers (mean age, 81.

Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for fecal bile acid.

It has been suggested that the bile acids in the feces act as a promoter of colon cancer. Among the bile acids, deoxycholic acid (DCA), which is one kind of the secondary bile acid, is said to have strong influence. DCA/cholic acid (CA) ratio in feces is also said to have a diagnostic significance in colon cancer.

Advanced colorectal carcinomas measuring 20 mm or less exhibit markedly higher invasiveness despite their size.

To analyze the biology of small (20 mm or less) advanced colorectal carcinomas (SAC), 24 cases, 22 small early colorectal carcinomas (SEC) of similar size, and 52 advanced colorectal carcinomas (AC) were studied. The proliferative (Ki-67) labeling index for SAC was 65.9+/-17.

Effect of combination of TS-1 and low-dose cisplatin on sarcoma-180 mouse sarcoma.

TS-1 contains tegaful (FT), 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (CDHP; an inhibitor of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) degradation) and potassium oxonate (Oxo; an inhibitor of 5-FU assimilation mainly in the digestive tract) in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. We evaluated the combination of TS-1 and low-dose cisplatin on mouse sarcoma.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy after coronary artery bypass grafting using the right gastroepiploic artery: report of a case.

A laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) was successfully performed on a 61-year-old man who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using the right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA). He complained of right hypochondralgia 20 days after CABG. Gallstones were diagnosed and a cholecystectomy was performed 9 months after CABG.

T-cell malignant lymphoma of the ileum causing ileac fistulas: report of a case.

We herein present a rare case of three fistulas caused by a recurrence of T-cell lymphoma of the ileum. A 67-year-old man presented at a local hospital with left lower abdominal pain in May 1997. Upper and lower gastrointestinal examinations did not reveal any abnormal findings, but an abdominal aortic aneurysm was diagnosed by computed tomography, and thus was determined to be the source of the pain.

A case of fibromatosis of the breast.

A 36-year-old woman presented with a 10 mm diameter mass in the right breast. Since the mass persisted for 3 months after detection and mammary carcinoma was suspected based on ultrasonographic findings, the mass was resected. Histologically, the mass demonstrated proliferative margins and consisted of spindle cells with bland cytologic features and abundant collagen.